Genetics of flowering time in bread wheat Triticum aestivum - Indian ...

Table 2. Flowering time features and allelic structure at the vrn-1, vrn-3 and Ppd-D1 loci in 12 cultivars bred and released for cropping in India and in the landrace Chinese Spring of
bread wheat Triticum aestivum.
Season of long days Season of short days
Total day
length
Thermal accumulated
First ear degree until Presence (P) or absence (A) of the specified allele
Seed emergence days to flowering Seed Dominant
sowing time/flowering flowering time (TDL) sowing Flowering Dominant Vrn-1 allelec Vrn-3 Ppd-D1a
Variety/line time time (d) time (TDD) (h:min) time time (d) TDD TDL (h:min) Vrn-A1a Vrn-A1b Vrn-B1 Vrn-D1 alllele allele
Sushil Kumar et al.
WR544 15 August 36±1 1078±12 458:14±0.3 15 December 71±1 1092±29 758:30±0.4 P A P A A P
(29.9) a (13:13) b (15.4) (11:08)
Lok1 -do- 37±1 1078±12 458:26±0.2 -do- 75±1 1172±31 804:18±0.3 P A P A A P
(29.1) (12:39) (15.6) (11:13)
VL401 -do- 42±2 1249±16 531:35±0.2 15 November 81±3 1282±27 855:14±4.6 P A P A A P
(29.7) (13:05) (15.8) (10:56)
GW173 15 April 42±2 1358±26 561:20±0.2 -do- 68±2 1083±22 710:21±0.2 P A P P A P
(32.3) (13:37) (15.9) (10:44)
K7903 -do- 43±2 1390±28 574:22±0.2 -do- 85±2 1359±27 883:30±0 P A A P A P
(32.3) (13:36) (16.0) (10.39)
GW496 15 August 45±2 1336±16 567:36±0.1 -do- 78±2 1239±25 818:10±0.2 P A P P A P
(29.8) (12:59) (15.9) (10.49)
HD2851 -do- 45±2 1336±16 567:30±0.1 -do- 79±2 1254±25 828:36±0.2 P A P P A P
(29.7) (13:01) (15.9) (10:48)
HD2687 15 April 48±2 1551±30 644:10±0.2 -do- 92±4 1476±30 971:28±0.3 P A P P A A
(32.3) (13:42) (16.0) (10:55)
PBW343 15 August 51±3 1510±14 638:25±0 -do- 92±2 1476±30 971:28±0.4 Ad P A A A A
(29.8) (12:52) (16.0) (10:57)
Sonalika -do- 54±2 1598±16 674:19±0.6 15 December 73±2 1152±31 793:28±0.3 P A A P A P
(29.6) (12:49) (15.8) (11:27)
NP846 15 April 61±2 1989±34 824:25±0.3 15 November 100±2 1618±32 1062:20±0.3 P A P P A A
(32.6) (13:52) (16.2) (11:02)
C591 -do- 68±2 2207±41 922:01±0.3 15 October 99±4 1816±22 1055:22±0.1 P A P P A A
(32.5) (13:56) (18.3) (11:06)
Chinese Spring -do- 85±3 2708±58 1150:22±9.6 15 September 144±3 2927±32 1575:15±0.1 A A A P A A
(31.9) (13:53) (20.3) (11:34)
Mean of Vrn-1 Ppd-D1a lines 43±2 76±2
(rows 1–7 and 10)
Mean of Vrn-1 Ppd-D1 lines 63±7 105±10
(rows 8, 9 and 11–13)
Mean of Vrn-1 Ppd-D1a lines, irrespective of season 60±17
40 Journal of Genetics, Vol. 91, No. 1, April 2012
Mean of Vrn-1 Ppd-D1 lines, irrespective of season 84±21
between means at 16 and 17 2.68**
(0.01)
t e
24
a , Day temperature from the sowing time to flowering time/ear emergence time; b , mean day length from the sowing time to flowering time; c , Vrn-A1c was absent in all genotypes;
d , A or absence of dominant allele means that counterpart recessive allele was present; e , t test values with degrees of freedom; ** significant at 1% level.