pdf version - South Dakota Department of Game, Fish and Parks

Chinook Salmon
Oncorhynchus tshawytscha
Quick key characteristics: The Chinook salmon is found in cold-water
habitats. It has small scales, soft fi ns with a somewhat elongated anal fi n,
and an adipose fi n. It has a forward-facing mouth, a relatively pointed snout,
and its body is taller than wide. Breeding adults may be reddish brown or
maroon.
Similar species in South Dakota: all trout
Identifi cation: The combination of (1) a light-colored body with dark spots
restricted mostly to the back and top of head, dorsal and caudal fi ns, (2) a
pointed tail (caudal) fi n, (3) a relatively long anal fi n, and (4) black gums
at the base of jaw teeth distinguishes Chinook salmon from trout in South
Dakota.
Range: The Chinook salmon is native to the northern Pacifi c Ocean and
normally spawns in freshwater habitat but spends 2-5 years at sea. The
species was introduced to Lake Oahe where it is restricted to deep water in
summer but ranges more widely in winter.
Items of interest:
• The Lake Oahe population is maintained by stocking
• Feeds on insects, crustaceans, and fi shes including rainbow smelt
• Spawns in the fall in South Dakota
• Largest individuals in Lake Oahe are
near 20 lbs., but may reach 40 in. and
exceed 120 lbs. elsewhere
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