Glossary of Terms - Paints and Coatings - Brenntag Specialties, Inc.

States of Drying:
*Dust Free - Film is considered dust free when the
finger, without pressure, may be lightly run over the
surface without sticking. The surface may be
slightly sticky, but no pronounced marks will be left
by the finger.
*Tack-Free - Film is considered tack-free when the
finger, with slight pressure will not leave a mark.
The surface shall not be sticky.
*Dry-through - Film cannot be distorted or removed
when the thumb is placed on the horizontal film and
rotated 90° with maximum body weight. No distor-
tion, loosening, wrinkling or detachment of the film
should be evident.
*Dry-hard or To full hardness - The film is difficult
to remove with a fingernail and has good resistance
to the edge of a knife.
Surfacer:
A pigmented composition for filling minor irregularities
to obtain a smooth uniform surface preparatory to
applying finish coats: usually applied over a primer and
sanded for smoothness.
Tall Oil:
A generic name for a number of products obtained
from the manufacture of wood pulp by the alkali
(sulfate) process or more popularly known as the Kraft
Process. To provide some distinctions between the
various products, designations are often applied in
accordance with the process or composition, some of
which are crude tall oil, acid refined tall oil, distilled tall
oil, tall oil fatty acids or tall oil rosin.
Tall Oil Fatty Acids:
The class of products generally containing 90 percent
or more fatty acids obtained by fractionation of crude
tall oil. The fatty acids are a mixture of C18 fatty acids,
especially oleic and linoleic acids, with lesser amounts
of saturated and other unsaturated fatty acids.
Tall Oil Rosin:
Separated from the tall oil heads, fatty acids, and tall oil
pitch by fractional distillation of tall oil. Such rosin shall
have the characteristic form, appearance and other
physical and chemical properties normal for other kinds
of rosin.
Temporary Coating:
A coating designed to protect or decorate a substrate
for a limited time that can be readily removed either by
mechanical or chemical means.
Terpenes:
A class of unsaturated organic compounds having the
empirical formula C10H16 occurring in most essential
Glossaries
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oils and oleoresinous plants. Structurally, the important
terpenes and their derivatives are classified as
monocyclic (dipentene), bicyclic (pinene) and acyclic
(mycrene).
Test Solvent, MST:
Special standardized solvent blend for used in Mineral
Spirits Tolerance Determination. Consists of
approximately, by weight.
*80 - 85% Exempt mineral spirits.
*15 - 20% Solvesso 100.
Turpentine, Spirits of:
The volatile oil consisting primarily of a number of
terpene hydrocarbons of the general formula C10H16.
Four kinds of turpentine are now recognized.
*Gum turpentine or gum spirits - obtained by distill-
ing the crude exuded gum or oleoresin collected
from living pine trees.
*Steam distilled wood turpentine - obtained from
the oleoresin within the wood of pine stumps or
cuttings, either by direct steaming of the
mechanically disintegrated wood or after solvent
extraction of the oleoresin from the wood.
*Sulfate wood turpentine - recovered during the
conversion of wood to paper pulp by the sulfate
process. Refined turpentine is the name for a
commercially available grade that is produced by
removing primarily sulfur compounds from sulfate
wood turpentine.
*Destructively distilled wood turpentine - obtained
by fractionation of certain oils recovered by
condensing the vapors formed during the destructive
distillation of pine wood.
Turpentines, Various:
*Canada Turpentine - Same as Canada balsam, the
oleoresin obtained from Canadian silver fir trees.
*Sulfite Turpentine - This term is not in good usage,
because the volatile oil recovered in the conversion
of wood to pulp by the sulfite process consists
chiefly of cymene (C10H14) rather than pinene and
other terpenes.
*Venice Turpentine - Same as larch turpentine, the
oleoresin of the European larch tree. The term is
also now used widely to describe the clear yellow
liquid portion of pine oleoresin, or a synthetic
product of similar composition made by dissolving
rosin in a terpene solvent.
Thinner:
The portion of a paint, varnish, lacquer or printing ink or
related product that volatizes during the drying process.
Tint:
A color produced by the mixture of white pigment or
MINERALS COLORS CHEMICALS ADDITIVES RESINS EQUIPMENT