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Annex 1: CAses of DisAppeArAnCes DoCumenteD by HumAn rigHts WAtCH first nAme LAst nAme DAte of DisAppeArAnCe City WHere DisAppeArAnCe ALLegeDLy oCCurreD stAte WHere DisAppeArAnCe ALLegeDLy oCCurreD 196 name withheld June 5, 2011 Nuevo Laredo Tamaulipas Navy seCurity forCe ALLegeDLy inVoLVeD 197 Ciprino Rodríguez May 28, 2011 Pesquería Nuevo León local police 198 Juan Ricardo Rodríguez Barajas September 24, 2011 Zacatecas Zacatecas federal police 199 Mauricio Rodríguez González March 9, 2010 San Diego de la Libertad Guanajuato 200 Jaime Rodríguez González March 9, 2010 San Diego de la Libertad Guanajuato 201 Héctor Rodríguez González April 28, 2011 between Juárez and Apodaca Nuevo León local police 202 Jaime Rodríguez Leiva March 21, 2009 Piedras Negras Coahuila judicial police 203 Víctor Adrián Rodríguez Moreno July 8, 2009 Francisco I. Madero Coahuila local police 204 Julio Rodríguez Torres May 28, 2011 Pesquería Nuevo León local police 205 Juan Manuel Rojas Pérez March 21, 2011 San Luis de la Paz Guanajuato 206 José Manuel Rojas Pérez March 21, 2011 San Luis de la Paz Guanajuato 207 Jorge Armando Roque Arámbula May 28, 2011 Pesquería Nuevo León local police 208 Leonardo Rosas Castillo May 28, 2011 Pesquería Nuevo León local police 209 name withheld May 1, 2010 Torreón Coahuila 210 name withheld June 5, 2011 Nuevo Laredo Tamaulipas Navy 211 Yudith Yesenia Rueda García March 11, 2011 Monterrey Nuevo León 212 Aarón Ruiz Tapia April 28, 2011 between Juárez and Apodaca Nuevo León local police 213 name withheld (pseudonym: Daniel Fernández) June 11, 2010 Ramos Arizpe Coahuila judicial police 214 name withheld July 24, 2011 Reynosa Tamaulipas 215 Juan Manuel Salas Moreno November 15, 2010 Cadereyta Nuevo León 216 Ricardo Salazar Sánchez March 21, 2011 San Luis de la Paz Guanajuato 217 Félix Salinas González May 28, 2011 Pesquería Nuevo León local police 218 Jorge Luis Sánchez May 28, 2011 Pesquería Nuevo León local police 219 Nohemi Sánchez Garay April 28, 2011 between Juárez and Apodaca Nuevo León local police 220 Sergio Sánchez Pérez December 6, 2010 Joaquín Amaro Zacatecas local police Disappearances in which evidence suggests the involvement of state agents Disappearances in which it is unclear, based on available evidence, whether state actors participated in the crime
Annex 1: CAses of DisAppeArAnCes DoCumenteD by HumAn rigHts WAtCH first nAme LAst nAme DAte of DisAppeArAnCe City WHere DisAppeArAnCe ALLegeDLy oCCurreD stAte WHere DisAppeArAnCe ALLegeDLy oCCurreD seCurity forCe ALLegeDLy inVoLVeD 221 Horacio Sandoval Torres February 28, 2011 Guadalupe Nuevo León judicial police 222 Ernesto Sanmartín Hernández May 28, 2011 Pesquería Nuevo León local police 223 name withheld April 18, 2009 Piedras Negras Coahuila 224 name withheld April 12, 2009 Piedras Negras Coahuila 225 Jehú Abraham Sepúlveda Garza November 12, 2010 San Pedro Garza García Nuevo León judicial police, local police, Navy 226 Felipe de Jesús Tapia Frías March 9, 2010 San Diego de la Libertad Guanajuato 227 Héctor Armando Tapia Osollo June 19, 2010 Torreón Coahuila federal police 228 Israel Torres Lazarín June 18, 2009 Matamorros Coahuila local police 229 name withheld April 15, 2009 Piedras Negras Coahuila 230 Raúl Trejo Medina March 20, 2011 Monterrey Nuevo León 231 Luis Felipe Urbina April 28, 2011 between Juárez and Apodaca Nuevo León local police 232 Julián Urbina Aguilera September 26, 2008 Monterrey Nuevo León federal police 233 Giovani Urbina Aguilera September 26, 2008 Monterrey Nuevo León federal police 234 Esteban Urbina Cisneros April 28, 2011 between Juárez and Apodaca Nuevo León local police 235 Julián Urbina Torres September 26, 2008 Monterrey Nuevo León federal police 236 Isaías Uribe Hernández April 4, 2009 Torreón Coahuila Army 237 name withheld September 7, 2009 Ciudad Juárez Chihuahua Army 238 José Luis Vallejo Rodríguez February 23, 2012 Piedras Negras Coahuila 239 José Joaquín Varela Torres March 27, 2011 Matamorros Coahuila 240 Alberto Vásquez Rodríguez April 28, 2011 between Juárez and Apodaca Nuevo León local police 241 Adoniram Vázquez Alanís May 28, 2011 Pesquería Nuevo León local police 242 name withheld May 1, 2011 Cuernavaca Morelos local police, Army 243 Gerardo Villasana December 12, 2008 Matamorros Coahuila federal police 244 Félix Vizcarra March 26, 2011 Ciudad Juárez Chihuahua local police 245 Alejandro Guadalupe Zamora Vaca April 28, 2011 between Juárez and Apodaca Nuevo León local police Disappearances in which evidence suggests the involvement of state agents Disappearances in which it is unclear, based on available evidence, whether state actors participated in the crime
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H U M A N R I G H T S W A T C H MEX
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Copyright © 2013 Human Rights Watc
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A Promising New Approach: the Case
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Executive Summary When Enrique Peñ
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A different approach is possible. H
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egardless of the perpetrator. Furth
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Impact on Victims’ Families Disap
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prosecutors and the guiding hand of
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To the Federal Executive Branch: Re
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• Reform the Military Code of Jus
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were enforced disappearances—mean
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Enforced Disappearances There is st
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name. Instead, they indiscriminatel
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video at the parking lot entrance.
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that Navy personnel participated in
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neighboring states of Nuevo León a
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2009, they arrived in Río Verde, S
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vehicle marked with Federal Police
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they said they had carried out the
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According to two individuals who we
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The family of Iván Baruch Núñez
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Alvarado Reyes, 18, according to Ir
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stopped a train the victims were ri
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government officials have a strong
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The wife of Sebastián Pérez (pseu
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exchange for a car—a deal he acce
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failing to promptly secure the crim
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which contradicted the evidence cit
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after receiving reports of gunshots
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State investigators also misplaced
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than detaining them for a full 24 h
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pressed for a meeting with the stat
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officials provided no explanation a
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families and various authorities. 1
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when in fact they are the ones who
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into a waiting vehicle. 219 The off
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Gamez’s mother immediately report
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Impact on Families of Disappeared P
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involved a man who was disappeared
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Domínguez Rolon, 33, a federal pol
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It is an exhausting process, as muc
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Surviving parents and guardians of
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including the complainant—partici
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21, and Zozimo Chacón Jiménez, 22
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force them to.” 292 The wife neve
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months and no more than six months.
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they had received. “Do what you c
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needed to obtain a “presumption o
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Oropeza, 48, her health declined sw
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A Promising New Approach: the Case
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prosecutor’s office—it could ea
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described a climate of “coldness
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Prosecutors and human rights defend
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individuals to be detained por flag
Page 109 and 110: other. And—after Arenas’s fathe
Page 111 and 112: stolen his Nextel radio, which emit
Page 113 and 114: Another challenge in the “working
Page 115 and 116: ange of state officials in Saltillo
Page 117 and 118: Failure to Prosecute Enforced Disap
Page 119 and 120: the same specific methods (electric
Page 121 and 122: Specifically, the Ministry of the I
Page 123 and 124: Failure of the Federal Government t
Page 125 and 126: Flaws and Delays in Efforts by the
Page 127 and 128: Thirdly, the collection of DNA from
Page 129 and 130: office. 416 However, the chart of r
Page 131 and 132: Enforced Disappearances and Mexico
Page 133 and 134: inhuman and degrading manner by the
Page 135 and 136: Human Rights Committee has made cle
Page 137 and 138: Inadequate Domestic Legislation to
Page 139 and 140: Furthermore, Mexico’s Military Co
Page 141 and 142: Armed Forces to the military justic
Page 143 and 144: In August 2012, Mexico’s Supreme
Page 145 and 146: “covering up the crime in the fir
Page 147 and 148: January 23, 2012, military records
Page 149 and 150: Acknowledgments This report was wri
Page 151 and 152: Finally, Human Rights Watch would l
Page 153 and 154: Annex 1: CAses of DisAppeArAnCes Do
Page 159: Annex 1: CAses of DisAppeArAnCes Do
Page 163 and 164: Annex 2: Letter from Human Rights W
Page 165 and 166: Human Rights Watch fully welcomes c
Page 167 and 168: consistently sought meetings with t
Page 169 and 170: impunity that we document in our re
Page 171 and 172: Calderón announced last December 5
Page 173 and 174: In recent months, the government ha
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