European Arachnology 2005 - European Society of Arachnology

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28 EUROPEAN ARACHNOLOGY 2005 Species no longer included: Palaeocteniza crassipes HIRST, 1923*, Rhynie Chert, Scotland (Devonian) (holotype sex not mentioned NHM In. 24670) (=?trigonotarbid exuvium). Remarks: Considered a family in the suborder Mesothelae (e.g. PETRUNKEVITCH 1949: 275). PETRUNKEVITCH (1913) referred all Carboniferous spiders to Arthrolycosidae FRITSCH, 1904 but, in 1923, he erected Arthromygalidae to accommodate the Carboniferous taxa listed above, and distinguished them from Arthrolycosidae by their eye arrangement. PETRUNKEVITCH (1953) placed Palaeocteniza crassipes and Eolycosa lorenzi in ‘Aranei incertae sedis’, but in the Treatise (PETRUNKEVITCH 1955) he listed both under Arthromygalidae, the former doubtfully. Subsequent work (SELDEN et al. 1991) has shown that Palaeocteniza crassipes HIRST, 1923 is most likely a moulted exoskeleton of a juvenile trigonotarbid and hence removed it from Araneae. The other genera can mostly be considered as spiders belonging to Mesothelae, but study of the specimens (PAS, unpublished) shows that Petrunkevitch’s eye characters are quite fi ctitious. Family PERMARACHNIDAE ESKOV, SELDEN, 2005 Age: Permian (Cisuralian) Current status: Valid Species currently included: Permarachne novokshonovi ESKOV, SELDEN, 2005*, Koshelevka Formation, Russia (holotype ?exuvium part and counterpart, PIN 4909/12). Remarks: Easily distinguished from all other mesotheles by the presence of an elongated, cylindrical, multisegmented, distal article of one of the spinnerets (ESKOV, SELDEN 2005). Family PYRITARANEIDAE PETRUNKEVITCH, 1953 (Fig. 2) Age: Carboniferous (Westphalian B–Westphalian C) Current status: Valid, but poorly defi ned and in need of revision Species currently included: Dinopilio parvus PETRUNKEVITCH, 1953, Chislet Colliery, Canterbury, UK (holotype sex not mentioned NHM In. 37101); D. gigas FRITSCH, 1904* (Fig. 2), Rakovnik, Czech Republic (holotype sex not mentioned NMP CGH 1949, Inv. 816); Pyritaranea tubifera FRITSCH, 1899*, Nýřaný, Czech Republic (holotype sex not mentioned NMP CGH 3170, Inv. 775). Remarks: PETRUNKEVITCH (1953) erected this family for supposed araneomorphs with laterigrade legs (cf. Archaeometidae, above) and segmented abdomens. The former character is widespread in Araneae, whilst the latter is plesiomorphic in spiders and would suggest Mesothelae. More recent study of these specimens (PAS, unpublished) indicates that Dinopilio parvus and Pyritaranea tubifera could be spiders but are too poorly preserved to assign to family, whilst D. gigas is most likely a large mesothele. Mesozoic Families Family JURARANEIDAE ESKOV, 1984 Age: Jurassic (Middle?) Current status: Valid, but possibly synonymous with Araneidae Species currently included: Juraraneus rasnitsyni ESKOV, 1984*, Buryat, Siberia (holotype, male part and counterpart, PIN 3000/3000). Remarks: WUNDERLICH (1986: 95, 138) proposed that this family might be synonymous with Araneidae, but did not formally synonymize them. The original diagnosis of the family was not
D. Penney & P. Selden: Fossil spider families Figs 1-4. Holotypes of non-amber fossil spiders: 1 – Archaeometa nephilina POCOCK, 1911 (Archaeometidae); 2 – Dinopilio gigas FRITSCH, 1904 (Pyritaraneidae); 3 – Geralycosa fritschi KUSTA, 1888 (Arthromygalidae); 4 – Parattus resurrectus SCUDDER, 1890 (Parattidae). Scale lines: approximately 1 mm. based on unique apomorphies but on a combination of morphological characters found in other araneoid families (ESKOV 1984). Family ARCHAEIDAE KOCH, BERENDT, 1854 Age: Jurassic (Callovian–Kimmeridgian)–Recent Current status: Valid Species originally included (i.e., when known from fossil species only): Archaea hyperoptica 29
Page 1 and 2: European Arachnology 2005 Editors:
Page 3 and 4: Foreword The 22nd European Colloqui
Page 5: 1. Leon Baert 2. Christine Rollard
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Discussion 84 EUROPEAN ARACHNOLOGY
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V. Ovtsharenko et al.: Genus Taieri
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N. Snegovaya: Opiliones from Absher
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P. Gajdoš: Spiders of Domica St. C
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P. van Helsdingen: Spiders of peat
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Lycosid abundance R. Jocqué & M. A
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Results and Discussion S. Koponen &
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S. Koponen & G. Koneva: Spiders alo
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K. Lambeets et al.: Synecology of s
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ind./25 sweeps ind./25 sweeps 154 5
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References 158 EUROPEAN ARACHNOLOGY
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R. Seyfulina: Spiders in winter whe
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Longevity (days) Time (min) 35 30 2
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Materials and Methods 182 EUROPEAN
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Material and Methods Study area 192
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Table 3. Evaluation of the forest,
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Appendix 1. Continued. 200 EUROPEAN
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Appendix 1. List of spiders sampled
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Fig. 1. Conventional borders of Cau
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Fig. 1. Map of Ukraine. 270 EUROPEA
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Table 1. Three periods of the spide
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Palearctic sub-regions level 284 EU
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