Intervertebral Disk Replacement - Keivan Anbarani's Electronic ...

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quality of life for those with SCI. The organization’s research spans the continuum from basic, preclinical discovery, to human-‐based discovery, to acute clinical interventions, to chronic care and rehabilitation, as well as to community integration and participation. Although TDR has not yet fully entered the realms of the organization’s research, current studies can form a solid foundation for potential research. Current studies encompass many factors critical in the framework of the spinal cord system that include the heart, blood vessels, nervous system, and even sensory functions of the human body. By analyzing the control of the heart and blood vessels in individuals who have sustained SCI, researchers hope to be able to develop and improve treatments for the management of cardiovascular complications. Diagnosis and understanding of cervical SCI is also an ongoing study in order to examine and better understand the different nerve fibres in the spinal cord and the extent of spinal cord damage. This may allow for the developments of new techniques, routine assessments in individuals with SCI to optimize treatment methods. Other studies include physical rehabilitation devices that incorporate virtual reality training exercises and games, combining electrical stimulation in order to improve hand function, as well as rehabilitation of upper limb function after spine injury. Conclusion Artificial spinal disc replacements have been one of the most attractive alternate methods for management of disc degeneration and various types of spinal cord injury. Unlike spinal cord fusion, spinal disc replacement does not limit movement of the patient implantation nor pose any further health complications. Theoretic advantages of TDR include preservation of normal motion and biomechanics in the spine and reduction of segment degeneration. Additional potential advantages include faster return to normal activity and elimination of the need for bone graft. TDR implants compose of a wide variety of materials that range from metals to polymers, ceramics as well as a combination to benefit from the advantages of each material. However, the success of disc implantation ultimately depends on the patients’ compatibility of the artificial discs as well as the degree of rehabilitation post surgery. As experience increases, additional potential indications may emerge further such as neck pain, deformity 18
correction, or even revision of previous fusion. Continued future studies, within the biomechanics and biomaterial science of the spine must clearly stratify the degree of degenerative change, not just within the disc but also within the entire joint system to include the ligaments, adjacent discs, and cord itself. 19
Page 1 and 2: 2010 Intervertebral Disk Replacemen
Page 3: Lists of Figures and Tables Figure
Page 6 and 7: Figure 1. Examples of Disc Problems
Page 8 and 9: which both studies lacked long-
Page 10 and 11: Figure 5. Human Spine Figure 6. Spi
Page 12 and 13: Figure 8. Constructed 3D model of d
Page 14 and 15: een used as a foundation for the ma
Page 16 and 17: The Prodisc-‐C prosthesis uses
Page 18 and 19: LP metal, and ii) ceramic-‐on-
Page 20 and 21: • Nerve damage or paralysis • P
Page 24 and 25: References 1. Bartels, R. H.M.A., R

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