Safety and Efficacy Considerations in Endodontic ... - IneedCE.com

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1. Endodontic success rates of up to _______
are being achieved.
a. 68%
b. 78%
c. 88%
d. 98%
2. There is clear evidence that apical
periodontitis is a _______ disease.
a. fungal
b. viral
c. biofilm-induced
d. all of the above
3. The root canal system contains _______.
a. cul-de-sacs
b. arborizations
c. isthmuses
d. all of the above
4. _______ from the root canal is one of
the challenges for successful endodontic
treatment.
a. The removal of pulp tissue
b. The removal of debris and the smear layer
c. The removal of microorganisms and microtoxins
d. all of the above
5. The nickel-titanium instruments currently
available act on the _______ of the
root canal.
a. isthmi
b. central body
c. lateral body
d. all of the above
6. _______ penetrates deep into the dentinal
tubules.
a. Actinomyces israelii
b. Candida albicans
c. Enterococcus faecalis
d. a and c
7. To be effective, root canal irrigants must
_______.
a. eliminate bacterial contamination
b. remove the smear layer
c. dissolve the organic component of the dental pulp
d. all of the above
8. _______ is a desired attribute for a root
canal irrigant.
a. Bacterial decontamination
b. A broad antimicrobial spectrum
c. The ability to enter deep into dentinal tubules
d. all of the above
9. _______ is currently used as a root canal
irrigant.
a. Chlorhexidine gluconate
b. Hydrogen peroxide
c. Sodium hypochlorite
d. all of the above
Questions
10. Chlorhexidine gluconate _______.
a. offers a wide antimicrobial spectrum
b. is biocompatible
c. lacks the ability to dissolve necrotic tissue
d. all of the above
11. Hydrogen peroxide _______.
a. is an effective antibacterial irrigant
b. exhibits no tissue toxicity
c. dissolves necrotic tissue
d. a and c
12. The irrigant that satisfies most of the
requirements for a root canal irrigant is
_______.
a. polyalkenoic acid
b. sodium hypochlorite
c. saline
d. chlorhexidine gluconate
13. Sodium hypochlorite _______.
a. dissolves necrotic tissue
b. dissolves the organic components of the smear
layer
c. kills sessile endodontic pathogens
d. all of the above
14. EDTA has been recommended as an
adjuvant in root canal therapy because it
is a _______.
a. remineralizing agent
b. dilutant
c. demineralizing agent
d. b and c
15. The combination of _______ has been
used worldwide for antisepsis of root canal
systems.
a. sodium hypochlorite and calcium chloride
b. EDTA and chlorhexidine gluconate
c. sodium hypochlorite and EDTA
d. all of the above
16. _______ is a general safety precaution
prior to root canal irrigation.
a. Use of a rubber dam
b. Protecting the patient’s eyes with safety glasses
c. Use of a temporary sealing material if deep caries is
present adjacent to a rubber dam
d. all of the above
17. Apical extrusion of an endodontic
irrigant _______ occurs.
a. never
b. rarely
c. routinely
d. always
18. Root canal irrigation systems are available
that work using _______.
a. manual agitation techniques
b. manual rotation techniques
c. machine-assisted agitation techniques
d. a and c
19. When irrigating the root canal system, it
is important to consider if _______.
a. the irrigation system can deliver the irrigant to the
whole extent of the root canal system
b. the irrigant can debride areas that cannot be
reached mechanically
c. the irrigant contains any dye
d. a and b
20. An apical vapor lock effect _______.
a. prevents the flow of irrigant into the apical region of
the root canal
b. results in gas entrapment at the apical third
c. resists displacement by instrumentation
d. all of the above
21. The _______ of sodium hypochlorite
liberates ammonia and carbon dioxide.
a. dessication
b. hydrolysis
c. cross-linking
d. none of the above
22. An apical vapor lock occurs in root
canals with _______.
a. an open-ended channel
b. a close-ended channel
c. multiple isthmuses
d. all of the above
23. _______ have confirmed the presence of
apical vapor lock.
a. Histological tests
b. Micro-CT scans
c. Radiographs
d. a and b
24. For a root canal irrigant to be
mechanically effective in removing all the
particles, it has to _______.
a. reach the apex
b. create a current
c. carry the particles away
d. all of the above
25. The apical vapor lock and consideration
for the patient’s safety has always
prevented the thorough cleaning of the
_______.
a. apical 3 mm
b. lateral 3 mm
c. apical 5 mm
d. lateral 5 mm
26. The most common and conventional set
of irrigation techniques is _______.
a. mechanical irrigation
b. manual irrigation
c. hydrodynamic theory irrigation
d. all of the above
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