Second North American Sea Duck Conference - Patuxent Wildlife ...

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SECOND NORTH AMERICAN SEA DUCK CONFERENCE CROSS-SEASONAL MOVEMENTS AND DISTRIBUTIONS OF PACIFIC BLACK SCOTERS Jason L. Schamber, Tim D. Bowman, W. <strong>Sea</strong>n Boyd, Daniel H. Rosenberg, Daniel Esler, M. J. Petrula and Paul L. Flint US Geological Survey/Alaska Science Center; jschamber@usgs.gov Black scoters (Melanitta nigra) breeding in Alaska have undergone a steady numerical decline in recent decades. Much of their general ecology and annual distribution remains unknown, thus it is difficult to identify mechanisms leading to this decline. Broad-scale studies that describe patterns and timing of migration, critical sites throughout the annual cycle, as well as linkages among aggregations at different annual cycle stages are needed to help understand the ecology of this species and to accurately interpret population trends. To address these issues, black scoters were captured using floating mist-nets and implanted with intra-abdominal PTT satellite transmitters during spring of 2003 and 2004 or winter of 2004 and 2005. Our marking efforts were focused in two wintering locations: Kodiak Island, Alaska (5 males and 8 females) and Strait of Georgia, B.C., Canada (5 males and 10 females); and one mixed wintering/staging location: Nelson Lagoon, Alaska (22 males and 1 female). As expected, migration generally followed coastlines, although some individuals moved overland across narrow land masses, such as the Alaska Peninsula. All individuals marked in B.C. and Alaska migrated to western Alaska during spring. Birds wintering in B.C. initiated spring migration earlier than those from Alaska. Important staging areas for B.C. migrants included Rose Spit in the Queen Charlotte Islands and Kvichak and Kamishak Bays in Alaska. Kvichak and Kamishak Bays were also important staging areas for Alaska birds. Apparent breeding areas for individuals from all wintering locations included the Bristol Bay Lowlands and the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta. Suspected non-breeding individuals resided in near-shore waters of the Kuskokwim Shoals and Bristol Bay, Alaska. Many birds likely molted along the Kuskokwim Shoals, Kvichak Bay or Nelson Lagoon, Alaska. Individuals marked in Kodiak and B.C. returned to those same locations the following winter. Birds marked in Nelson Lagoon returned to either winter or stage at that same location. Wintering aggregations of Pacific black scoters appear to be discreet, although individuals from all wintering areas overlap during the breeding season. Kvichak Bay was heavily utilized by individuals from all marking locations from spring through autumn; suggesting that this is a particularly critical area. 116 ANNAPOLIS, MARYLAND, USA NOV. 7-11, 2005
Diana V. Solovieva SECOND NORTH AMERICAN SEA DUCK CONFERENCE SPECTACLED EIDER NESTING BIOLOGY IN CHAUN-DELTA, CHUKOTKA, RUSSIA Wrangel Island State Reserve, Obrucheva Str., 38, Pevek, 689400; Diana@DS3892.spb.edu The first long-term study of spectacled eider (Somateria fisheri) nesting biology and demography in Russia has been set up on Ayopechan Island, Chaun-Delta, Chukotka in 2002. Since 2003 the field work is according to the Kigigk Island Field Protocol (YDNWR, unpublished report) for the results to be comparable with long-term data from Kigigak Island, YKD, Alaska. This aims to compare demographic parameters between declining Alaskan nesting population and seemingly stable Russian nesting population. The results on habitats, nesting density and chronology, nest success, adult female survival and site fidelity will be presented for Ayopechan Island together with the review of habitat types and nest success from other areas of the breeding range in Russia. NOV. 7-11, 2005 ANNAPOLIS, MARYLAND, USA 117
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