- Page 1: Draft Import Risk Analysis: Viruses
- Page 5: 8.10. Apple McIntosh depression age
- Page 8 and 9: Organism (Name and organism type) A
- Page 10 and 11: 1. Project background and process 1
- Page 12 and 13: The process outlined in figure 2.1
- Page 14 and 15: 2. Commodity and pathway descriptio
- Page 16 and 17: Flowering and fruiting are sporadic
- Page 18 and 19: MAF (2003) PP42: Inspection and Cle
- Page 20 and 21: Viroids are pathogens that are pres
- Page 22 and 23: Scientific name In Vector In NZ but
- Page 24 and 25: 4. General phytosanitary measures f
- Page 26 and 27: e detected while the specificity le
- Page 28 and 29: maintained within the facility. MAF
- Page 30 and 31: Postman D pers. com. (2008) Comment
- Page 32 and 33: 5.1.2. Risk assessment 5.1.2.1. Ent
- Page 34 and 35: Virus indexing of mother plants Whi
- Page 36 and 37: Kegler et al. 1983). Dianthoviruses
- Page 38 and 39: ecosystems. Naturalised introduced
- Page 40 and 41: Koenig R, Rüdel M, Lesemann D E (1
- Page 42 and 43: Symptoms by affected plant part inc
- Page 44 and 45: The likelihood of exposure and esta
- Page 46 and 47: the causal agent as CRLV. It theref
- Page 48 and 49: Hansen, A J; Parish, C L (1990) Tra
- Page 50 and 51: 5.4. Clover yellow mosaic virus (Cl
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Environmental consequences While th
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Baker, C A, Beckham, K, Hiebert, E
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Pearson M N, Clover G R G, Guy P L,
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5.6.2. References Bancroft JB, Toli
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TBSV spreads (principally on plants
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Pest free place of production (PFPP
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5.8. Tomato ringspot virus (ToRSV)
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MM.106 rootstock, because it moves
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ange of host crops overseas that to
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Bioassays are effectively used with
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5.9. Tulare apple mosaic virus (TAM
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5.9.3.2. Option evaluation There ar
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6. Risk analyses - Viroids 6.1. App
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The potential environmental impact
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6.1.4. References Allan H H (1982)
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6.2.2. Risk assessment 6.2.2.1. Ent
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There is currently no information o
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No insect vector is known, but root
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a. Pest free area (PFA) (see sectio
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6.4. Peach latent mosaic viroid (PL
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7. Risk analyses - Phytoplasma 7.1.
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7.1.3. Risk management 7.1.3.1. Ris
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7.2. Candidatus Phytoplasma mali (A
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plum), Pyrus communis (European pea
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7.2.2.5. Risk estimation The likeli
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Larivière, M-C (Ed.) (2005) Checkl
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8. Risk analyses - Diseases of unkn
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impacts, while being significant on
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BA (2002) Review of Post-Entry Quar
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8.2.2.3. Consequence assessment Spr
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There is currently no information o
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8.3.2. Risk assessment 8.3.2.1. Ent
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Mitigation by industry As discussed
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8.4. Apple bunchy top agent 8.4.1.
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8.5. Apple dead spur agent 8.5.1. H
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8.5.2.4. Conclusion of consequence
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8.6. Apple decline agent 8.6.1. Haz
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Human health consequences Apple Dec
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8.7. Apple freckle scurf agent 8.7.
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However, as discussed in section 4.
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8.8. Apple green dimple and ring bl
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However, as discussed in section 4.
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8.9. Apple junction necrotic pittin
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they may potential receive from imp
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8.10. Apple McIntosh depression age
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8.10.2.6. Assessment of uncertainty
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8.11. Apple narrow leaf agent 8.11.
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eceive from importing such material
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8.12. Apple necrosis agent 8.12.1.
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8.14. Apple Newton wrinkle agent 8.
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However, as discussed in section 4.
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8.15. Apple painted face agent 8.15
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8.16. Apple pustule canker agent 8.
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8.16.2.4. Conclusion of consequence
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Xylella fastidiosa. NAPPO (North Am
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The likelihood of exposure and esta
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old fruit bearing trees, woody inde
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The likelihood of exposure and esta
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period, woody indexing on the Malus
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8.19.2. Risk assessment 8.19.2.1. E
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Indexing of mother plants Given tha
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The likelihood of exposure and esta
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There is currently no information o
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8.21.1.4. Hazard identification con
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d. Indexing of mother plants either
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8.22. Apple transmissible internal
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8.22.2.4. Conclusion of consequence
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Jones, A L; Aldwinckle, H S (1990)
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9. Risk analyses - Bacteria 9.1. Ps
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symptoms in New Zealand all suggest
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papulans associated with imported M
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Bradbury, J F (1986) Guide to plant
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Glossary of Terms Area An officiall
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Pest Any species, strain or biotype
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Appendix 1 Potential hazards - desc
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Scientific name Common name Synonym
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Scientific name Common name Synonym
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Scientific name Common name Synonym
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Scientific name Common name Synonym
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Pearson M N; Clover G R G; Guy P L;