Parasitic Copepods of Mackerel - and Tuna-like Fishes (Scombridae ...

direction of A. Humes). The remaining collection
stimulated a continuing interest in scombrid copepods
by the first author and later by the second.
We thank the scientists and staffs of the many
institutions cited above for making fish specimens
available for examination for parasitic copepods.
Through the years many people have sent us material,
for which we are grateful. Outstanding among
these are: Bruce B. Collette (National Marine Fisheries
Service, Washington), Robert H. Gibbs (Smithsonian
Institution, Washington), Arthur G. Humes
(Boston University), Richard Shomora (National
Marine Fisheries Service, Honolulu), and Vladimir
Walters (National Marine Fisheries Service, Miami).
Robert Gibbs was our principle consultant concerning
problems in scombrid taxonomy during the early
years of the work. Later, Bruce Collette began an
intensive study of scombrid taxonomy and during the
course of his work spent many hours gathering copepods
for us. We extend a special thanks to him for
his enthusiastic and continued support
We were assisted in the illustrations by Nancy Zacks
who rendered Figures 75-79 and 95 and by Michelle
Wilcox who did the illustrations for Figures 82-84.
Cynthia Hemmings assisted in the final preparation
of the manuscript. The staff of the SEM laboratory
all participated at various times in the preparation of
the SEM photographs (Walter Brown, Mary Jacque
Mann, and Susann Braden). We thank all of them
for their assistance.
The manuscript was reviewed by Bruce Collette and
Brian Kensley and we are grateful for their many
helpful suggestions.
Holobomolochus Vervoort, 1969
Holobomolochus divaricatus, new species
FIGURES 1-4, ba-e, 96, 109-113
MATERIAL EXAMINED. — Holotype 9 (USNM
172244), allotype $ (USNM 172245) paratypes 11 9
(USNM 172246) from the nasal sinuses of Scornberomorus
brasiliensis (USNM 188424) from Brazil.
In addition, there are 13 collections containing 61 $
2$ from S. brasiliensis from Panama (Atlantic),
Colombia (Atlantic), Brazil and Argentina; 25 collections
containing 70 $ 40 $ from S. maculatus from
Cape Cod, New Jersey, Maryland, South Carolina,
SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
Georgia, Florida, Mississippi, Alabama, Louisiana,
Texas, Panama (Atlantic), Surinam; 11 collections
containing 28 9 20 $ and 3 immatures from S. regalis
from Florida, Cuba, Haiti, Puerto Rico, Colombia
(Atlantic), Venezuela and Surinam. All copepods
were collected from the nasal sinuses of the host fish.
FEMALE.—Body form as in Figure la. Total length
2.62 mm, greatest width (widest part of cephalon)
1.20 mm. Genital segment (Figure \b) wider than
long (348 X 483 jxm) with 3 dorsal setae at area of
egg sac attachment. Abdomen 3-segmented, segments
measuring (1 X w) 224 X 318 /*m, 153 X 265 ^m,
147 X 230 /*m respectively; ventral surface of last
segment with 2 patches of prominent spinules (see
figure \c). Caudal rami (Figure \c) longer than wide
(129 X 94 /*m) with six setae; longest seta 590 /*m.
First antenna (Figure Id) 5-segmented, second segment
incompletely divided; first two segments with 15
prominent plumose setae; segments 4 and 5 with one
aesthete each. Second antenna (Figure 2a) of usual
bomolochid type; terminal segment with numerous
rows of spinules, 2 processes with spinules, 3 terminal
setae and 4 elongate spines. Mandible, paragnath,
first maxilla and second maxilla as in Figure 2b.
Maxilliped (Figure 2c) terminal segment with prominent
curved claw with slight projection on outer curve,
and 3 plumose setae; basal segment with 1 plumose
seta.
Leg 1 (Figure 2d) exopod with stout, heavily plumose
seta on outer corner; basipod with 2 patches of
hairs; exopod 2-segmented, first segment with prominent
rugose spine on outer distal corner, second segment
with small spine at outer proximal comer,
minute spine at outer distal corner and 2 stout flagellated
spines best viewed dorsally, terminal to inner
edge of segment with 6 plumose setae; endopod
3-segmented, first segment with large patch of hairs
and inner seta, second segment with smaller patch of
hairs and inner seta, third segment with 5 terminal
setae, all setae heavily plumose, outer edge of endopod
segments haired. Legs 2-4 biramous, rami 3-segmented.
Leg 2 (Figure 2e) coxopod with short row of spinules
at outer distal corner; basipod with dorsal seta; exopod
first segment with hairs on outer edge and spine on
outer distal corner, second segment with inner seta
and outer spine, slender spinules at base of spine, third
segment with 6 inner to terminal setae and 3 outer
spines; exopod spines broad at base, tapering distally
with small terminal flagellum, fine hairs on both