Parasitic Copepods of Mackerel - and Tuna-like Fishes (Scombridae ...

44 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
bearing 2 short terminal setae. Entire body covered
with dense, fine hairs. First antenna (Figure 92c)
7-segmented, no ornamentation on first segment, remaining
segments with short, naked setae as indicated
in the figure. Second antenna (Figure 92d) a simple
claw with 2 short, stout setae on inner edge of claw.
Mouth tube (Figure 92e) without surface ornamentation.
Mandible with 6-7 teeth. First maxilla (Figure
92/) bearing 3 setae at tip. Second maxilla (Figure
92g) similar to that of P. armatus except no patch
of spinules on basal segment. Maxilliped (Figure
93a) with a short, heavily sclerotized claw (Figure
93b), basal segment with a thumblike process at inner
proximal corner as in P. armatus.
Legs 1-3 rudimentary. Leg 1 (Figure 93c) rami
1-segmented; exopod with 5 short terminal spines;
endopod bearing a short terminal spine; both rami
covered with dense hairs and difficult to study. Leg 2
(Figure 93c) rami 1-segmented; basipod with a welldeveloped
seta at outer distal corner; exopod bearing
4 terminal spines; endopod with 1 easily visible spine,
2 very short spines, and spinules as in the figure. Leg 3
(Figure 93c) reduced to a short knob bearing a short
spine. Leg 4 represented by a lateral seta on anterior
genital segment.
Egg string long.
MALE.—Body form as in Figure 93d. Total length
1.88 mm. Greatest width 0.55 mm. Thoracic segments
bearing legs 2 and 3 incompletely separated. Genital
segment about twice as long as wide (1.04 X 0.53
mm) ; abdomen (Figure 93e) nearly twice as wide as
long (259 X 147 /xm) with a ventral patch of spinules
near each outer distal corner. Caudal rami (see Figure
93e) about twice as long as wide (123 X 64 fim),
bearing 2 prominent lateral setae, 2 small lateral setae
and a terminal spine, ventral surface covered with
spinules. First antenna as in female. Second antenna
(Figure 93/) similar to female except claw longer and
more pointed. Mouth tube (Figure 94a) with 3
patches of spinules on lab rum. First maxilla (Figure
94a) with 2 stout setae at tip, setae relatively longer
than in female. Second maxilla as in S. armatus except
no spinules on basal segment. Maxilliped (Figure 94fc)
with 2-segmented claw and spinules on proximal inner
corner of base.
Leg 1 (Figure 94c) biramous, each ramus 1-segmented
and not distinctly articulated with basipod;
basipod with a patch of spinules and a triangular
process and a seta at outer distal corner; exopod with
patches of spinules and spinulose lobes in distal third,
2 short spines at tip; endopod modified as a curved,
heavily sclerotized process, lobed at tip and most of
its length enclosed in a membrane (compare with
P. armatus). Leg 2 similar to P. buccata except
exopod inner 3 spines smaller and distal half with
widely spaced spinules; endopod with 2 distinct
patches of spinules. Leg 3 (Figure 94d) reduced to a
spinulose process with a short spine at tip.
REMARKS.—Yamaguti (1963:172) removed this
species from Pseudocycnus in which it had been placed
by Wilson. He designated the new genus Pseudocynopsis
for this species and another new genus Pseudocycnoides
to include P. armatus and also P.
scomberomori (Yamaguti), both originally described
as species of Pseudocycnus. We agree with Yamaguti
that these 3 species should be removed from Pseudocycnus
but we do not feel that placing P. buccata in
a genus separate from P. armatus and P. scomberomori
is justified. Consequently we have placed this
species in the genus Pseudocycnoides. The original
description of P. buccata was superficial and inaccurate
and was undoubtedly the basis for Yamaguti's
conclusions. Our studies of these 3 species indicate
them to be much more closely related than previously
known. These conclusions are based on the comparative
morphology, not only of the female, but first
descriptions of males of P. buccata and P. armatus as
well. It should be pointed out that the first pair of
legs in all 3 of these species is very small, between
the bases of the maxillipeds, and not easily seen.
This species is found on all American species of
Scomberomorus (western Atlantic and eastern Pacific)
and is relatively common on all its hosts.
Examination of the type-specimen of Cybicola
elongata Pearse (USNM 88538) leaves no doubt that
it is the same as Wilson's species. The host for Pearse's
material was Scomberomorus maculatus.
The genus Pseudocycnopsis Yamaguti should be
considered a synonym of Pseudocycnoides Yamaguti.
Lernanthropus Blainville, 1822
Lernanthropus kanagurta Tripathi, 1962
FIGURE 94«-g
Lernanthropus kanagurta Tripathi, 1962:194.
MATERIAL EXAMINED.—1 collection containing 1 9
from the gills of Rastrelliger brachysoma from Borneo.