INDONESIA (LESSER SUNDAS) REP 10 - Birdquest

LEADER: CRAIG ROBSON 

THE LESSER SUNDAS 

30 AUGUST – 19 SEPTEMBER 2010 

TOUR REPORT 

The seventh Birdquest to the Lesser Sundas recorded 263 species. All of the possible endemics on the 

tour were seen, but Flores Scops-owl was pretty much a leader-only bird this year. The bird of the 

tour was Bare-throated Whistler, belting-out its amazing dawn chorus at Golo Lusang. Other 

highlights included on-the-deck views of Sumba Buttonquail, amazing gatherings of over 130 

Oriental Plovers and 112 Sharp-tailed Sandpipers, Timor Black Pigeon, Barred-necked Cuckoo-dove, 

Pink-headed and the elusive Timor Imperial Pigeon both scoped for over 20 minutes, Flores Greenpigeon, 

a lengthy encounter with five Citron-crested Cockatoos, Yellow-crested Cockatoo on Timor 

and Komodo, good looks at the declining Olive-shouldered Parrot, perched Iris Lorikeets and 

Wallace’s Hanging-parrot, good spotlight views of Wallace’s and Moluccan Scops-owls and Sumba, 

Little Sumba and Streaked Boobooks, Sumba Hornbill, several confiding Cinnamon-banded 

Kingfishers, excellent perched views of both forms of Elegant Pitta, Chestnut-capped, Chestnutbacked 

and Orange-sided Thrushes, Flores Monarch, and Timor Sparrow. Additionally, we had great 

views of Black-winged Myna and Bar-winged Prinia on Bali. The weather was highly unusual on 

Sumba and Timor, with some birding time lost to rain on both islands. The leader had never seen rain 

on Timor! We also lost the best part of two afternoons of birding to rain in the Ruteng area on Flores, 

but that is not so surprising. Poor road condition and low cloud prevented us from ascending higher 

levels at Gunung Mutis on Timor, but in the end, we were very glad that we didn’t go that way! 

Due to a change in flight times and the state of the tide, we visited the Uluwatu area, at the southern 

tip of Bali, for our first birding of the trip. This is a recently discovered site for the now very much 

threatened Black-winged Myna – the ‘poor mans’ Bali Myna! Amazingly, a pair of these striking 

sturnids, along with two pairs of Javan Mynas, were found around some cattle as soon as we arrived 

on site, and we had nice scope views. A thorough search of the cliff-top scrub and woodland also 

brought us a responsive pair of Bar-winged Prinias, multiple views of Spot-breasted Woodpecker (part 

of the Fulvous-breasted Woodpecker divide), and a pair of Scarlet-headed Flowerpeckers. Overnight 

rain had seemingly triggered off several showy singing Striated Grassbirds, an unexpected write-in. 

Small Minivet and Common Iora were other birds that we knew we would not be seeing once we left 

Bali behind. Seawatching brought scant reward, but some were lucky enough to see a White-tailed 

Tropicbird heading out to sea and we had good looks at six Brown Boobies resting on a cliff-face. 

1 Birdquest: The Lesser Sundas 2010

On our first morning of the tour, before what was scheduled to be a relatively early flight to Sumba, 

we had time to do some birding in the Benoa Harbour area. It was still quite a high tide when we 

arrived, but soon began to fall, exposing shorebird habitats at relatively close range. A very large 

congregation of egrets was impressive, and the small groups of Sunda Teal included three adult birds 

with two tiny chicks. There were also very good numbers of both Gull-billed and Little Terns, with 

many juveniles of the latter. A few Javan Plovers were found as usual, though mostly rather distant, 

and amongst the numerous Lesser Sand-plovers, we picked out at least two Greaters. Other 

shorebirds included Eurasian Curlew, Bar-tailed Godwit, Grey-tailed Tattler, and several Terek 

Sandpipers. Savanna Nightjars showed ridiculously well as usual and there were at least five Small 

Blue Kingfishers, as well as four Sacreds. Island Collared Dove and Javan Myna were seen in flight. 

As usual, the flight to Sumba was late and we also had to fly via Kupang. Somehow though, we still 

managed to arrive at the Yumbu Grasslands to search for our first endemic, Sumba Buttonquail, at the 

usual time! It was good to see long grass at the old site this year and, no sooner had we formed a line 

and started to work through the grass, than we flushed two of our targets. We spent the best part of 

the next hour trying to get views on the ground and the best possible looks in flight. Several 

surprisingly good views were had of them on the ground as they scuttled from grass clump to clump, 

a good result. Other introductory birds included plenty of Australasian Bushlarks, several Zebra 

Finches, and some good looks at Indonesian Honeyeater. Both Spotted Kestrel and Peregrine Falcon 

(the latter of a small dark resident form) were also seen. 

Due to some changes in the itinerary, our first morning on Sumba was spent at the lakes and marshes 

of Menggitimbe, to the east of Waingapu. This year we walked around the main lake, which was 

relatively dry and also visited two smaller lakes which are part of the same complex. Two rarities 

were seen this time, a juvenile Swamp Harrier, one of the first to have ever been seen in Asia, and 

two Glossy Ibis. More typical were good numbers of Wandering Whistling-ducks and Pacific Black 

Ducks. There were relatively few shorebirds, but we had better views of about 30 Javan Plovers, a 

nice flock of 25 Long-toed Stints, and two Australian Pratincoles. After flushing a Savanna Nightjar at 

close range from a dry stony area, Jürgen was lucky enough to spot the two well-grown chicks that it 

had been tending, a fantastic sight. A couple of singing Australian Reed-warbler also showed well in 

the tall marsh vegetation. 

After lunch in Waingapu, we drove to our new accommodation at the homestay in Lewa, and in the 

afternoon began our exploration of forest nearby. Although it was cloudy and there were some faint 

showers, there was good bird activity. The first endemic to fall by the wayside was the beautiful Rednaped 

Fruit-dove. The second was, more surprisingly, Sumba Flycatcher, one of the most difficult 

endemics, that decided to give itself up easily for a change. Next up were a couple of Sumba Jungleflycatchers, 

giving only average views, and a pair of Apricot-breasted Sunbirds. Then four Sumba 

Hornbills appeared on a small ridge and a pair were scoped for a lengthy period; more were seen in 

flight later. Just before dusk, we taped-in a lovely Cinnamon-banded Kingfisher, which sat for a long 

time in full view. As the sky darkened, we positioned ourselves for Sunda Nightjar, and were soon 

getting prolonged close views of three, including one perched. As soon as darkness fell, a pair of the 

fairly recently described Little Sumba Boobook began calling, and we were lucky to obtain a string of 

good views in the spotlight. All-in-all, it had been a superb start. 

Our second day on Sumba saw us heading off early to look for Citron-crested Cockatoo at 

Watumbelar. Unfortunately the site that we were taken to wasn’t a good one for this endangered bird. 

However it did prove very good for Marigold Lorikeet which we saw very nicely perched, and we 

also saw Great-billed and Eclectus Parrots. More Sumba Hornbills appeared, as did Red-naped Fruitdove, 

and other goodies included a pair of Sumba Brown Flycatchers (one of which was carrying 

food), a pair of Sumba Flycatchers, scope views of Wallacean Cuckoo-shrike and Pale-shouldered 

Cicadabird, and much better views of Apricot-breasted Sunbird and Blood-breasted Flowerpecker. 

Red-backed Buttonquail was heard booming from a grassy hillock. After lunch and a quick nap we 


irded Langgaliru but, as in the morning, conditions were overcast, though without the drizzle. 

Birding was slow, but we added a nice Chestnut-backed Thrush feeding in a fruiting tree, Lesser 

Wallacean Drongo, and yet more perched Red-naped Fruit-doves. As nightfall approached, we 

positioned ourselves for Sumbas other endemic owl, Sumba Boobook, which soon obliged with 

excellent prolonged views with wings spread in irritation. 

On our last full day on Sumba we continued our search for Citron-crested Cockatoo at our usual site 

at Watumbelar. Finally, at lunch time, following up on a lead from our guide, we found a group of 

five birds frequenting an area of flowering trees, and were able to watch them undisturbed for a long 

time – very satisfying. Marigold Lorikeet was seen perched again, as were Great-billed Parrot, Sumba 

Hornbill, and Sumba Jungle- and Sumba Brown Flycatchers. Other highlights during the day were a 

Red-backed Buttonquail flushed at close range, two Cinnamon Bitterns, displaying Pacific Bazas, 

Brown Goshawk, Black-faced Munia and Red Avadavat. The afternoon birding session was lost to 

steady rain! 

Due to a change in flight scheduling, we had to take a flight from Tambolaka Airport in west Sumba. 

On the way we had three hours to try and get more views of Sumba Green Pigeon and find Sumba 

Red-headed Honeyeater. Several green pigeons were heard but wouldn’t show, although one possible 

was seen in flight. Two different myzomelas or honeyeaters were seen, with Keith B and Sieghard 

being particularly fortunate, but unfortunately they proved to be all too brief views for most of us. We 

had more luck with Elegant Pitta, two of which were seen perched, out of the numerous calling birds. 

More Red-naped Fruit-doves and Sumba Jungle-flycatchers were seen, and we saw three migrant 

Chinese Sparrowhawks during the morning – a write-in. It was unfortunately soon time to head off to 

the airport. On arrival, unsurprisingly, we found that the flight to Kupang was delayed, so our local 

guide suggested that we went to the nearby Newa Sumba Resort to wait it out. A light seabird passage 

was noted of Bulwer’s Petrels, Streaked Shearwaters and Red-necked Phalaropes. It was a pleasant 

wait, and we eventually took off for the 45 minute journey two hours late. 

Our first day on the ‘dry’ island of Timor began with the customary visit to Bipolo, one of Timor’s 

most famous birding spots, where a road runs through the remnants of lowland forest, on the north 

side of Kupang Bay. This year we had a constant stream of new species, many endemic, during the 

first few hours of the day. As we slowly walked through the open logged forest, Fawn-breasted 

Whistler, two showy Orange-sided Thrushes, Timor Blue Flycatcher, Timor Figbird, Flame-breasted 

Sunbird, Yellow-eared Honeyeater, Olive-brown Oriole, and Timor Friarbird, all showed themselves 

well. The flowering trees were not on show, but in a small flowering bush, we had great scope views 

of Indonesian, Streak-breasted, and Black-chested Honeyeaters. Just before venturing into the 

ricefields we found the single Yellow-crested Cockatoo that we first saw here in 2007. Later, in the 

evening, we were to see it very well, acting in a highly territorial manner. It was very hot when we 

entered the fields mid-morning, but fortunately we stumbled across a small group of adult and 

juvenile Timor Sparrows almost straight away. Further into the paddies we flushed three Red-backed 

Buttonquails and seven Brown Quails. We took a break in the shade, and had lengthy good flight 

views of a pair of Bonelli’s Eagles. Continuing on to the fish ponds and saltworks at Pan Muti, we had 

a good look around for shorebirds before lunch. There were good numbers and variety this year, with 

112 Sharp-tailed Sandpiper, 550 Rufous-necked Stint and 80 Curlew Sandpiper being particularly 

notable. 13 Royal Spoonbills was also a high count. Keith Betton picked out a single Broad-billed 

Sandpiper, which was a write-in, and a juvenile Eastern Black-tailed Godwit was the first we had seen 

on this tour away from Bali. As we finished lunch in the shaded huts at the edge of the pans, a flock 

of 26 beautiful Australian Pelicans graced the sky. A sortie into a different area of ponds and pans 

after lunch was curtailed by a heavy downpour, during which we all got soaked! We moved on to 

Bariti, some 8km by road from Bipolo. Here, in the tall plantation woodlands boarding dry forest 

remnants, as last year, we found and had good looks at both Pink-headed Imperial Pigeon and Oliveshouldered 

Parrot. This year though, we also recorded other interesting Timor birds such as Orangesided 

Thrush, and White-bellied Chat. Jürgen went in and saw a Timor Stubtail. Quickly returning to 


Bipolo we positioned ourselves for a boobook once more and, as night fell, we had excellent scope 

views of Streaked Boobook in the spotlight. It had been a superb day, with a massive 105 species 

recorded. 

Nearby Camplong was our destination the following day. We found all of our target birds during the 

morning. A lovely pair of Black-banded Flycatchers were highly responsive as soon as we reached the 

first patch of habitat, giving several nice perched views. Timor Stubtail and Buff-banded Thicketwarbler 

required multiple attempts, but we ended up seeing both very well on several occasions. The 

most difficult species was the never-stands-still Spot-breasted Dark-eye, which was seen well by less 

than half of us. Several Rose-crowned Fruit-doves, Plain Fairy Warbler (or Gerygone), and Sunda 

Bush-warbler provided added interest, while Timor Leaf-warbler was heard but not seen. We decided 

to go back to Bariti for the afternoon session but an hour long heavy downpour seriously spoilt things. 

Really strange events on Timor, where the leader had never seen a drop of rain previously! We did 

‘up’ our totals of Pink-headed Imperial Pigeon and Olive-shouldered Parrot however, to two and five 

respectively. 

Leaving Kupang behind, we headed inland and uphill to Soe. On the way we spent nearly three hours 

at Camplong, in search of the elusive Spot-breasted Dark-eye. We finally tracked down three birds 

that showed well for all of us. After check-in and lunch at Soe, and a welcome nap, we made our first 

visit to Oelnasi, an area of monsoon forest 15km back towards Kupang. Unfortunately we were to 

register a blank with our two target pigeons, Barred-necked Cuckoo-dove and Timor Black Pigeon. 

Perhaps it was something to do with the strong winds. We would have to wait for another attempt 

later on. Two more Spot-breasted Dark-eyes were seen briefly on the way out to the site, and after 

dusk we tried to see and tape-record the intriguing local form of Large-tailed Nightjar, which certainly 

sounds like a distinct species. With wind and light rain, our options were severely compromised, but 

Sieghard managed to see one feeding. 

A very early start the following morning, took us along an unbelievably bad road to a point as close 

as we could safely get, to the start of the trail to Gunung Mutis, Timor’s highest mountain. Sadly, the 

road had seriously deteriorated since the previous year. Coupled with this, we had further than usual 

to walk, and were welcomed by fog and light rain. Still, we persevered. Timor Leaf-warbler and flying 

Olive-headed Lorikeets were noted, we scoped the gorgeous Metallic Pigeon, and we had great looks 

at ‘Timor’ Pygmy Wren-babbler, a likely future split. Picking up the Mutis trail, we found larger than 

normal numbers of Island Thrushes. A few Snowy-browed Flycatchers drew our attention, the leafwarbler 

showed really well, and we plodded on to the big clearing en route to Gunung Mutis. The 

cloud base was low, and the wind strong, so we decided against the summit cone, and headed down 

into some nice forest below us. Suddenly we heard the distinctive low rumbling call of Timor 

Imperial Pigeon, and made a beeline towards it. On the way three noisy lorikeets flew into some trees 

above us. A quick look through the scope showed them to be the neat and very hard to see Iris 

Lorikeet, and we managed some decent perched views while they stuck around. We carried on 

towards the imperial pigeon that was still calling, noting many Metallic Pigeons and some Blackbacked 

Fruit-doves on the way. Suddenly a Timor Black Pigeon called nearby – unbelievable at this 

site. A quick play of the call and a pair came in several times to investigate, giving some really nice 

looks. We hadn’t even thought of seeing this one here! The imperial pigeon continued to prove 

elusive, but after lunch we finally found one perched briefly near a fruiting tree. Only a few of us had 

managed to see it perched however, so we stuck around as long as we could. Right at the last minute 

Jürgen and Craig noticed a pigeon fly in front of us as we were ready to go, and Jürgen called-it in an 

exposed tree top. We proceeded to get detailed scope views for over 20 minutes – amazing for this 

shy and rare bird. A brisk hike back to the bus was punctuated by many Olive-headed Lorikeets flying 

over and some briefly perched, and two pairs of the distinctive local form of Little Cuckoo-dove. 

Our last day on Timor began with a predawn raid on the local form of ‘Large-tailed Nightjar’ at 

Oelnasi. Unfortunately, after tracking a close calling bird down, it promptly shut up! A short distance 


further on however, we heard the distinctive calls of Barred-necked Cuckoo-dove, and proceeded to 

lure a pair in above us for some lovely views. Birding was otherwise slow, but there was another 

Olive-shouldered Parrot calling and flying distantly, some good looks at a courting pair of Whitebellied 

Chats, and several Timor Friarbirds. After lunch at the hotel in Soe, we headed off for Kupang, 

stopping to scrutinize ricefields at Oesau, 29 km before the town. In 2006 we saw a flock of Oriental 

Plovers here, so decided to explore the full extent of the fields. Right at the back of the area, we were 

shocked to find a gathering of at least 130 of these highly migratory plovers, the majority of which 

were juveniles. A good number of Australian Pratincoles were also present. We continued to the hotel 

very satisfied!! 

Our short early morning flight from Kupang to Ruteng almost took off on time, which was a bonus, 

and we arrived in the green highlands of Flores. Less than an hour later, we were birding at Danau 

Rana Mese, on our way to Kisol. We found several Flores Jungle-flycatchers, including a speckled 

dependant fledged juvenile and, amazingly, all three species of dark-eye that we were looking for. 

For some of us, there were the first encounters with Russet-capped Tesia and Scaly-crowned 

Honeyeater. Moving on to Kisol, on the south coast, and our accommodation at the Catholic 

Seminary, we took lunch and a break. In the afternoon, we made our first birding sortie to the nearby 

forest at Kisol. There was rather little activity during the afternoon, as usual, but, thanks to Jürgen’s 

sharp eyes again, we found Flores Hawk-eagle in only 35 minutes. Although very distant, we were 

able to study this magnificent bird for some time through the scope. From the same point, we also 

got onto two perched Flores Green Pigeons, a rare treat, and a pair of Flores Crows, which were later 

seen much better inside the forest. After nightfall there were too many calling Moluccan Scops-owls, 

but despite the leader finding one perched, it quickly flew off in full torch beam. The following 

morning at Kisol was very hot and humid, and pretty slow on the bird-front. A few of us got onto the 

first White-rumped Kingfisher of the tour, and a close perched Elegant Pitta was a catch-up for a 

couple of us. Several attempts at tape-luring Russet-capped Tesia brought scant reward. Three hours 

at the eagle viewpoint produced sweet FA. Sieghard spotted some Little Minivets and another Blackfronted 

Flowerpecker sat-up. Numerous butterflies abounded and, on the way back to the bus we 

were very lucky to see a displaying Golden-rumped Flowerpecker, the fluffed-out bright yellow 

plumes suddenly being very apparent! In the afternoon we visited Borong Harbour and then sat at 

another viewpoint overlooking Gunung Pacandeki for 90 minutes. Little Minivet showed well in the 

clearing at the latter, as did a range of sunbirds and flowerpeckers. Owling activities near the 

seminary proved fruitless, despite the leader having heard Wallace’s Scops-owl on the previous 

evening. 

We picked-up the owling again predawn the following morning. This time we successfully tracked 

down a calling Wallace’s Scops-owl but ran out of night! After breakfast we headed back into the 

hills and did some more birding at Rana Mese. Flores Leaf-warbler showed very well for all, there 

where multiple sightings of Brown-capped Fantail, and a Scaly-crowned Honeyeater revealed its 

subtle features during a lengthy view. Tesias continued to tease. After checking into our astonishingly 

clean accommodation at another seminary in Ruteng, we had lunch and, in the afternoon, visited the 

pass at Golo Lusang. Unfortunately the weather was awful and we got rained-out. We detoured to 

Rana Mese instead, in search of nightbirds. Although it turned out to be a pleasant evening, we could 

only manage brief calling from two Wallace’s and two Flores Scops-owls. 

The next morning was spent along a minor road north of Ruteng, that skirts the forested slopes from 

near Pagal down to Gapong. On the way we stopped to look at a massive atlas moth attracted to the 

light of a small building. As soon as we got out of the mini-bus, we could hear White-rumped 

Kingfisher, and it wasn’t too long before it was spotted. Good views for all of Russet-capped Tesia 

followed, but Flores Lorikeets shot by at a glimpse. Much of the best stretch of road was under 

reconstruction, with considerable disturbance and it wasn’t until we had passed there that our target, 

Wallace’s Hanging-parrot was found and scoped in a small red flowering Erythrina. Other nice birds 

during the morning included a single Bonelli’s Eagle, another White-rumped Kingfisher scoped for a 


good while, long scope views of a calling Elegant Pitta high in the roadside trees, numerous Lesser 

Wallacean Drongos, and Crested and Thick-billed Dark-eyes. In the afternoon we tried Golo Lusang 

again. This time we managed to fit in some birding around the rain showers and despite the low 

cloud-base! Scope views of a Dark-backed Imperial Pigeon that Maggie spotted were good, though at 

times partially obscured by a thin veil of mist, and we had our best views yet of Yellow-browed Darkeye. 

A group of five Flores Lorikeets zapped over. As night fell, we followed a Wallace’s Scops-owl 

that called a few times, but wouldn’t land close by. Then we picked-up a Flores Scops-owl calling 

from secondary forest below the road. An exciting pursuit ensued, during which many of us were sure 

that we would connect, but unfortunately it was only seen by Craig. 

Our last full day in the Flores highlands consisted of morning and evening visits to Golo Lusang. In 

the early morning, the incredible chorus of Bare-throated Whistlers was just as amazing as ever, we 

scoped a mating pair of Flores Lorikeets, and Chestnut-backed Thrush showed well on the road in 

front of the bus. After dark, Flores Scops-owl continued to evade us during a two hour stint, only 

being seen three times in flight (mainly by the leader). It was so close. Two kilometres from Ruteng 

we heard another Wallace’s Scops-owl but, again, it only called once near us, before moving on a 

considerable distance. 

A very early start the next morning, saw us heading off west for a dawn visit to Puarlolo, in search of 

the endemic Flores Monarch. Amazingly, on the way, Martinus spotted a Wallace’s Scops-owl right 

by the roadside, and we all managed to get a lengthy view in the spotlight before it disappeared to its 

roost-site. There was quite literally five minutes left before it got light! We sped on to the monarch 

site, arriving about half an hour after dawn. Two Flores Monarchs were picked up almost 

immediately, a juvenile and more elusive adult, but it wasn’t until several hours later, with more 

views of these two birds and another adult at a different location, that we had all got satisfactory 

views. During our search, creeping around in the forest, two other very good species were seen by 

the lucky few, a Chestnut-capped Thrush, and a male Rufous-chested Flycatcher. Plentiful fruiting 

trees and shrubs were also attracting a large number of Crested and Thick-billed Dark-eyes. We left 

Puarlolo late morning, arriving at the Komodo Eco Lodge, Labuan Bajo before lunch. In the afternoon 

we headed off for the Potawangka Road which branches-off at the outskirts of Labuan Bajo. Starting at 

pretty much the highest point before the first village, we strolled back down hill. There was not a 

great variety of birds in the evening, but four Great-billed Parrots were noteworthy. As night fell, we 

had superb views of Sunda Nightjar, and then by moonlight, two very good perched spotlight views 

of Moluccan Scops-owl. 

Our final full day in the Lesser Sundas was a relatively relaxing one, with a visit to Komodo National 

Park. We boarded our boat before dawn and grabbed a couple more hours of sleep as we cruised 

across the straits. We awoke not long before dawn and, on the way into the island, enjoyed a couple 

of Great-billed Herons and a large Green Sea Turtle loafing on the surface. We picked-out our first 

groups of foraging Timor Deer up on the slopes. After being allotted our park guide, we were soon 

confronted by several huge Komodo Dragons and, later on, we even saw one walking around. An 

Orange-footed Scrubfowl was seen rather briefly by some, but we had great luck in being shown four 

Moluccan Scops-owls roosting together in a small tree. A short walk into the woodlands brought 

many superb male Green Junglefowl, very close views of Komodos most important bird, the critically 

endangered Yellow-crested Cockatoo, and a perched Variable Goshawk. On the beach, we stumbled 

upon two pairs of lovely Malaysian Plovers, which allowed a few photos. After a cold drink we 

headed back to Labuan Bajo, with our eyes glued to the sea. A small group of Bridled Terns brought 

some excitement as we set off from Komodo, but we only saw 14 Bulwer’s Petrels during the 

crossing. The most awe-inspiring experience was riding through the heart of a rain-storm which went 

on for quite some time, with thunder and lightning. Our last birding of the tour was a walk along the 

beach from Komodo Eco Lodge down to the river mouth. Nothing too exciting, and a very eventful 

tour of the Lesser Sundas reached its end. 


SYSTEMATIC LIST 

Species which were heard but not seen are indicated by the symbol (H). 

Species which were not personally recorded by the leader are indicated by the symbol (NL). 

Subspecies names are given where known and/or appropriate, either in a comment or in parentheses. 

PROCELLARIIDAE 

Bulwer’s Petrel Bulweria bulwerii: Craig counted 18 past Newa Sumba Resort, west Sumba during a 

40 minute seawatch, and we counted 14 during the Komodo-Labuan Bajo boat-ride. 

There are rather few observations from the Lesser Sundas, but that is probably because so 

few birdwatchers have done pelagic trips here. 

Streaked Shearwater Calonectris leucomelas: Six past Newa Sumba Resort. 

PODICIPEDIDAE 

Red-throated Little Grebe (Little Grebe, Dabchick) Tachybaptus ruficollis: One at Menggitimbe, 

Sumba, and eleven at Danau Rana Mese, Flores (tricolor). 

PHAETHONTIDAE 

White-tailed Tropicbird Phaethon lepturus (NL): One was seen leaving the cliffs by a couple of us at 

Uluwatu. 

FREGATIDAE 

Lesser Frigatebird Fregata ariel: Two males during the sea crossing from Labuan Bajo to Komodo, and 

one seen by Sieghard & Gudrun near the Kristal Hotel, Kupang. Two distant birds at Pan 

Muti, Bipolo, where presumed to be this species. 

PHALACROCORACIDAE 

Little Pied Cormorant Phalacrocorax melanoleucos: Two at Menggitimbe, one at Pan Muti, and one 

near Komodo Eco Lodge. 

SULIDAE 

Brown Booby Sula leucogaster: Great views of six resting on, and flying around the impressive cliffs 

at Uluwatu, on Bali. Another was seen distantly offshore from the Kristal Hotel, Kupang. 

PELECANIDAE 

Australian Pelican Pelecanus conspicillatus: Relatively big numbers this year at Pan Muti, near 

Bipolo, with 26-39 birds. Locals reported up to 60! 

ARDEIDAE 

Great-billed Heron Ardea sumatrana: At least two were spotted along island shores during the trip to 

and from Komodo. 

Purple Heron Ardea purpurea: Two in the Benoa Harbour area, and six at Menggitimbe. 

Great Egret (Great White Egret) Egretta alba: Regular sightings of this widespread species (modesta), 

and particularly common at Benoa. 

Intermediate Egret (Yellow-billed E) Egretta intermedia: A handful at Benoa, and ten at Menggitimbe. 

White-faced Heron Egretta novaehollandiae: At least ten in the Bipolo to Pan Muti area. Probably 

mainly a non-breeding visitor from Australia. 

Little Egret Egretta garzetta: Regular observations of this widespread bird. All those seen at close 

range at Benoa, where at least 100 were seen, appeared to be the blackish-footed race 

nigripes. 

Pacific Reef-egret Egretta sacra: Good numbers at Komodo and the west Flores coast (nominate race). 

Both pale and dark morphs were seen. 

Eastern Cattle Egret Bubulcus coromandus: Regularly seen. 


Javan Pond-Heron Ardeola speciosa: Regular observations, particularly at Benoa, Bali, where at least 

40 were noted (nominate race). Many were in full breeding plumage. 

Little Heron (Striated H, Green-backed Heron) Butorides striatus: Two at Benoa, two at Pan Muti, and 

one near Komodo Eco Lodge. 

Black-crowned Night-heron Nycticorax nycticorax: Two flying over at Benoa Harbour, Bali. 

Cinnamon Bittern Ixobrychus cinnamomeus: Jürgen flushed two for us at Watumbelar, Sumba. 

THRESKIORNITHIDAE 

Glossy Ibis Plegadis falcinellus: Two that Sieghard spotted at Menggitimbe were a surprise. 

Royal Spoonbill Platalea regia: At least 13 of these predominantly Australasian birds at Pan Muti; 

some in company with pelicans. 

ACCIPITRIDAE 

Pacific Baza Aviceda subcristata: Great views of three displaying at Watumbelar on Sumba, brief 

views of pairs at Bipolo and Camplong, and three at Oelnasi. Lesser Sundas race 

timorlaoensis. 

Black-winged Kite Elanus caeruleus: Two at Bipolo (hypoleucos). 

Black Kite Milvus migrans: Small numbers of affinis in central and west Sumba, and at Pan Muti, near 

Bipolo. 

Brahminy Kite Haliastur indus: Regularly seen (intermedius). 

White-bellied Sea-eagle Haliaeetus leucogaster: Regular sightings, particularly in Komodo NP. 

Short-toed Eagle Circaetus gallicus: Singles of the nominate race were seen at Langgaliru, and over 

ricefields, at Oelsau, near Kupang. 

Swamp Harrier Circus approximans: A juvenile female was seen very well, perched and in flight, at 

Menggitimbe, Sumba. This is one of the first to be seen in Asia. 

Chinese Sparrowhawk (C Goshawk) Accipiter soloensis: An adult and juvenile at Langgaliru and 

another adult on the way to west Sumba on our last day on the island. 

Brown Goshawk Accipiter fasciatus: Three at Watumbelar, mostly in flight; tjendanae. 

Variable Goshawk Accipiter hiogaster: A nice male sylvestris was scoped on Komodo, before it 

dropped to some unseen prey. The form in Australia and Tasmania is normally considered 

a separate species now: Grey Goshawk Accipiter novaehollandiae. 

Bonelli’s Eagle Hieraaetus fasciatus: The best year yet, with a pair seen really well in flight in the 

Bipolo-Pan Muti area, a juvenile at Rana Mese, and a single adult at Pagal. This is the 

distinctive race renschi, which some people are mooting as a distinct species. It is smaller 

and more heavily marked than its distant mainland relatives. 

Rufous-bellied Eagle Hieraaetus kienerii: An adult was seen well in flight at Rana Mese in the Flores 

highlands. 

Flores Hawk-eagle Spizaetus floris: Only a 35 minute wait this year, before we all had long but 

distant scope views of a single perched individual. Restricted to the islands of Flores, 

Sumbawa, Komodo and Paloe, it surely ranks close to the Philippine Eagle. 

FALCONIDAE 

Spotted Kestrel (Moluccan Kestrel) Falco moluccensis: Many observations of this widespread little 

raptor (microbalia). 

Australian Hobby (Little Falcon) Falco longipennis: A pair at dusk at Bipolo, with one in the scope. 

Race hanieli. 

Peregrine Falcon (Peregrine) Falco peregrinus: Singles at Yumbu and Menggitimbe on Sumba. This is 

the resident race, which actually differs from ernesti and is currently unnamed. 

ANATIDAE 

Wandering Whistling-duck Dendrocygna arcuata: About 170 at Menggitimbe and 14 near Labuan 

Bajo. 


Sunda Teal Anas gibberifrons: Only small numbers at scattered sites this year. Two tiny chicks were 

seen with three adult birds at Benoa, scuttling across the mudflat and then swimming in 

the bay. 

Pacific Black Duck Anas superciliosa: The race rogersi was found on Sumba and Flores, with 70 at 

Menggitimbe, 30 at Danau Rana Mese, and a pair near Komodo Eco Lodge. 

MEGAPODIIDAE 

Orange-footed Scrubfowl Megapodius reinwardt: Only a few people managed to get onto a single 

bird on Komodo this year. Heard at Watumbelar and near Komodo Eco Lodge. 

PHASIANIDAE 

Brown Quail Coturnix ypsilophora: One at KM51 and one at Watumbelar on Sumba, and at least 

seven in the paddyfields at Bipolo. The race is raaltenii. 

Red Junglefowl Gallus gallus: Small numbers seen, and many more heard on Timor, where it is 

probably of introduced origin. 

Green Junglefowl Gallus varius: Regular heard and then finally seen commonly and easily on 

Komodo. Two crossed the trail at Puarlolo. 

TURNICIDAE 

Red-backed Buttonquail Turnix maculosa: One was flushed at close range at Watumbelar, and 

another heard booming from a small grassy hill (sumbana). On Timor, we flushed three 

birds of the nominate race from dry ricefields near Bipolo, and had good flight views. 

Sumba Buttonquail Turnix everetti: One presumed pair. We had some good views on the ground this 

year, as well as numerous close range flight views; at the Yumbu grasslands, near 

Waingapu. It is considered as Endangered by BirdLife International, and territorial voice is 

still undescribed. 

RALLIDAE 

Red-legged Crake Rallina fasciata (H): Calling birds were heard at Danau Rana Mese and then at 

night at Golo Lusang and along the Potawangka Road, when birds were vocalizing whilst 

in flight. The vocalisations differed somewhat from mainland South-East Asia, with a 

‘quack’ followed by a trill heard from the first two birds. 

White-browed Crake Poliolimnas cinerea: Three briefly at Menggitimbe, and then four at Pan Muti. 

The nominate race. 

Common Moorhen Gallinula chloropus: Common at Menggitimbe (orientalis), where it clearly 

breeds, and six at Danau Rana Mese. 

Australian Swamphen Porphyrio melanotus: Four were seen nicely at Menggitimbe, where it 

presumably also breeds. 

RECURVIROSTRIDAE 

White-headed Stilt Himantopus leucocephalus: Just one at both Menggitimbe, but 50 estimated at 

Pan Muti. 

CHARADRIIDAE 

Grey Plover (Black-bellied P) Pluvialis squatarola: At least five at Benoa Harbour, including several 

still in breeding plumage. 

Pacific Golden Plover Pluvialis fulva: Small numbers at Benoa and Pan Muti. 

Little Ringed Plover Charadrius dubius: Three at both Menggitimbe Pan Muti. The race is unclear. 

Javan Plover Charadrius javanicus: At least ten at Benoa, Bali, at least 30 at Menggitimbe, and two 

near Komodo Eco Lodge, Labuan Bajo. 

Red-capped Plover Charadrius ruficapillus: Very common at Pan Muti, with at least 60 noted over a 

wide area of salt-pans and fish-ponds. A visitor from Australia, or recent colonist; it breeds 

in Timor Leste. 


Malaysian Plover Charadrius peronii: Two pairs on the beach at Komodo were a totally unexpected 

bonus. 

Lesser Sand-plover (Mongolian P) Charadrius mongolus: The commonest shorebird at Benoa this 

year, clearly outnumbering the next species. 

Greater Sand-plover Charadrius leschenaultii: Only two were definitely identified at Benoa, one of 

which had a broken wing, and there were six near Komodo Eco Lodge. 

Oriental Plover Charadrius veredus: At Oelsau, 29 km from Kupang, there is a major staging area for 

this much sought-after plover, and this year many flocks there totalled at least 130 birds. 

Second favourite bird of the trip. 

SCOLOPACIDAE 

Eurasian Whimbrel Numenius phaeopus: Common this year, with at least 50 at Benoa, 20 at Pan 

Muti, Timor and several on Flores (variegatus). 

Eurasian Curlew Numenius arquata: At least 10 at Benoa, Bali. 

Eastern Black-tailed Godwit Limosa melanuroides: A single juvenile at Pan Muti. A number of 

authorities are now splitting this distinctive form from Black-tailed Godwit L. limosa. 

Bar-tailed Godwit Limosa lapponica: Just one at Benoa, and one near Komodo Eco Lodge. 

Common Redshank Tringa totanus: 30 were noted on the mudflats at Benoa (eurhinus). 

Marsh Sandpiper Tringa stagnatilis: At least four at Benoa, Bali, and six at Pan Muti. 

Common Greenshank Tringa nebularia: Regular sightings throughout, with a maximum of 30 

estimated at Pan Muti. 

Wood Sandpiper Tringa glareola: Common at Menggitimbe on Sumba, but just two on Timor. 

Terek Sandpiper Xenus cinereus: Three at Benoa and two at Pan Muti. 

Common Sandpiper Actitis hypoleucos: Many sightings, with the largest concentration being at least 

25 estimated at Pan Muti. 

Grey-tailed Tattler Heteroscelus brevipes: Five on the mudflats at Benoa Harbour, 20 near the Kristal 

Hotel, Kupang, and one near Komodo Eco Lodge. 

Ruddy Turnstone Arenaria interpres: One on the mudflats at Kupang. 

Rufous-necked Stint (Red-necked Stint) Calidris ruficollis: 550 at Pan Muti were the most to have ever 

been recorded on the tour. 

Long-toed Stint Calidris subminuta: A feeding group of 25 at Menggitimbe. 

Sharp-tailed Sandpiper Calidris acuminata: One of the highlights of the trip was the large number 

recorded at Pan Muti, Timor, with 112 counted. 

Curlew Sandpiper Calidris ferruginea: 15 at Benoa Harbour, and a high count of 80 at Pan Muti. 

Broad-billed Sandpiper Limicola falcinellus: Keith Betton did well to pick one out amongst a large 

group of Rufous-necked Stints at Pan Muti, Timor. A scarce species in this part of the world. 

Red-necked Phalarope Phalaropus lobatus: Craig counted 40 past Newa Sumba Resort, west Sumba, 

the biggest tour total to date. 

GLAREOLIDAE 

Australian Pratincole Stiltia isabella: A surprisingly poor year, with just two at Menggitimbe. 

STERNIDAE 

Whiskered Tern Chlidonias hybridus: About ten at Pan Muti, and 20 at Oelsau, near Kupang. 

Gull-billed Tern Gelochelidon nilotica: About 12 at Benoa, and ten at Pan Muti. 11 over ricefields on 

the way to Camplong from Kupang were unusual. 

Common Tern Sterna hirundo: One during our return from Komodo, and two near Komodo Eco 

Lodge. 

Bridled Tern Sterna anaethetus: Six feeding offshore as we left Komodo. It is now placed in the genus 

Onychoprion, with Sooty and Aleutian Terns. 

Little Tern Sterna albifrons: Common at Benoa Harbour this time, with many juveniles seen. 

Greater Crested Tern Sterna bergii: Three at Uluwatu, Bali, ten off Kupang, one at Borong Harbour, 

near Kisol, and about 40 birds during the Komodo trip. 

10 Birdquest: The Lesser Sundas 2010

COLUMBIDAE 

Rock Pigeon (Rock Dove, Feral Pigeon) Columba livia: Surprisingly scarce, with one en route on 

Sumba, and three at Oelsau near Kupang, Timor. 

Metallic Pigeon Columba metallica: On Timor, common at Gunung Mutis and a few at Oelnasi. One 

at Puarlolo. Nice scope views of several. Formerly lumped in White-throated Pigeon 

Columba vitiensis. 

Island Collared Dove (I Turtle-D) Streptopelia bitorquata: At least two flew by at Benoa, and two 

showed well on Komodo. 

Spotted Dove Streptopelia chinensis: Regular throughout the tour (tigrina). 

Barred-necked Cuckoo-dove (Dusky C-d) Macropygia magna: Multiple observations of three birds at 

Oelnasi, and two others heard. It is one of the largest cuckoo-doves, and restricted in 

range to the east Lesser Sundas and islands off south Sulawesi. This was the nominate 

race. 

Little Cuckoo-dove Macropygia ruficeps: Several in flight on Sumba where, four scoped at Gunung 

Mutis, Timor, and two at Rana Mese. The race is orientalis throughout and the Timor birds 

at least, are likely to be split in future, having different vocalisations to mainland SE Asian 

and Greater Sundas forms. 

Timor Black Pigeon (Slaty Cuckoo-dove) Turacoena modesta: A pair at Gunung Mutis were a big 

surprise, and they were easily taped-in. Great birds. 

Emerald Dove Chalcophaps indica: Regular observations on Sumba and Flores. 

Green-winged Pigeon Chalcophaps longirostris: Several sightings in the Timor forests. Formerly 

lumped in Emerald Dove. The specific name longirostris appears to be correct. 

Barred Dove (Timor Zebra D) Geopelia maugei: Regular sightings and especially common on 

Komodo. It is endemic to the south-eastern Moluccas and Lesser Sundas. 

Pink-necked Green Pigeon Treron vernans: 10 or so at Uluwatu, Bali. The nominate race. 

Sumba Green Pigeon Treron teysmannii: Although a few were seen in flight this year, and others 

heard, we just couldn’t find it perched! It is considered as Near-Threatened by BirdLife 

International. 

Flores Green Pigeon Treron floris: Another good year for this tricky Flores endemic, with five in flight 

and then two scoped at Kisol. 

Black-backed Fruit-dove Ptilinopus cinctus: Frequently seen; the nominate race on Timor, and the 

grey-hooded albocinctus on Flores. 

Red-naped Fruit-dove Ptilinopus dohertyi: Many encounters with this pretty Sumba endemic, with at 

least six seen. It is considered as Vulnerable by BirdLife International. 

Rose-crowned Fruit-dove Ptilinopus regina: This superb fruit-dove was commonly observed in the 

Timor forests (flavicollis). 

Black-naped Fruit-dove Ptilinopus melanospila: This widespread little fruit-dove was encountered on 

a number of occasions on Sumba and Flores (melanauchen). 

Green Imperial Pigeon Ducula aenea: Regular observations of this widespread species in the Sumba, 

Flores and Komodo forests (polia). 

Pink-headed Imperial Pigeon Ducula rosacea: This small island and coastal forest species is 

becoming very tough to find on Timor these days. For the second year running we found 

it in a plantation of tall trees at Bariti, near Bipolo. At least two birds. 

Dark-backed Imperial Pigeon Ducula lacernulata: Thanks to Maggie, we had good scope views of 

one feeding on fruit at Golo Lusang (sasakensis). An Indonesian endemic which is 

restricted to the western Lesser Sundas, Java and Bali. 

Timor Imperial Pigeon Ducula cineracea: On Gunung Mutis we were so fortunate to get two 

perched views of what was presumably the same bird. The second view was through the 

scope for more than 20 minutes!! Two others were heard giving their distinctive low 

‘rumble’. Endemic to Timor and Wetar, and considered as Endangered by BirdLife 



PSITTACIDAE 

Marigold Lorikeet Trichoglossus capistratus: A great year for this colourful regional endemic. At least 

17 were seen on Sumba, and we had great perched views in the scope. This is a recent 

split in the Rainbow Lorikeet complex, involving the races fortis (Sumba) and capistratus 

(Timor); and is only found on these islands. 

Flores Lorikeet Trichoglossus weberi: Three shot by at Pagal, as did five at Golo Lusang, and then we 

scoped a pair mating for a surprisingly long time at the latter site! Bears little resemblance 

to Rainbow Lorikeet, with which it was formerly lumped. 

Olive-headed Lorikeet Trichoglossus euteles: Only seen at Gunung Mutis this year; at least 60, 

mainly in flight, but a few did perch. Endemic to the central Lesser Sundas. 

Iris Lorikeet Psitteuteles iris: Three birds came in to trees right a above us, during our purple-patch on 

Gunung Mutis, and were even scoped. Very hard to pin-down unless they can be found at 

a flowering tree or suchlike. 

Yellow-crested Cockatoo Cacatua sulphurea: Very easy to see on Komodo, as always. One was also 

seen again at Bipolo, Timor, where we first noticed it in 2007. The race at both sites is 

(parvula). This spectacular species is restricted to Sulawesi and the Lesser Sundas. It has 

declined dramatically over much of its range in the past twenty years. With a population 

now estimated at less than 5000 birds, it is considered to be Critically Endangered by 

BirdLife International. 

Citron-crested Cockatoo Cacatua citrinocristata: A lengthy encounter with five birds at Watumbelar, 

frequenting an area of flowering trees. It used to be lumped in Yellow-crested Cockatoo, 

but it has a very distinctive orangey crest and cheeks. 

Eclectus Parrot Eclectus roratus: Only one male was seen rather distantly on Sumba. The isolated 

race cornelia. 

Red-cheeked Parrot Geoffroyus geoffroyi: Frequently encountered during the tour with observations 

on Sumba and Flores (floresianus), and Timor (geoffroyi). 

Great-billed Parrot Tanygnathus megalorhynchos: A handful of sumbaensis on Sumba, including 

scope views. It was encouraging to see four of the nominate race along the Potawangka 

road, west Flores, although brief and distant during their dusk flights. Another species that 

has declined over much of its range. 

Olive-shouldered Parrot Aprosmictus jonquillaceus: Another good year now that we have a new site 

at Bariti, Timor, where we saw five of the nominate race very well indeed. Another was 

heard and seen distantly, briefly at Oelnasi. Endemic to the islands of Timor, Roti and 

Wetar, and considered to be Near-Threatened by BirdLife International. 

Wallace’s Hanging-parrot Loriculus flosculus: For the fourth year running, we were all treated to 

superb scope views of this rare little parrot near Pagal, Flores. Fifth favourite bird of the 

tour. It is considered as Endangered by BirdLife International and its population may be as 

little as a few thousand birds. 

CUCULIDAE 

Sunda Cuckoo Cuculus lepidus: Often heard in the hill forests of Flores; Nigel managed to spot one 

at Golo Lusang. A fairly recent split from Oriental Cuckoo C. horsfieldi along with 

Himalayan Cuckoo C. saturatus. 

Plaintive Cuckoo Cacomantis merulinus (H): One was heard at Uluwatu. 

Rusty-breasted Cuckoo (Indonesian Cuckoo) Cacomantis sepulcralis: Easily seen on Sumba this year, 

and also on Flores. Commonly heard. The nominate race throughout. 

Brush Cuckoo Cacomantis variolosus: One seen at Oelnasi, and heard elsewhere on Timor. 

Gould’s Bronze Cuckoo Chrysococcyx russatus: Commonly heard and seen on a number of 

occasions on Timor. 

Common Koel Eudynamys scolopacea: One malayana was calling at Komodo Eco Lodge. 

Australian Koel Eudynamys cyanocephala: Several were seen on Sumba this year, including both 

sexes in the scope on separate occasions. Heard on Timor. 


CENTROPODIDAE 

Lesser Coucal Centropus bengalensis: Heard regularly throughout and also seen on several occasions 

(javanensis). 

STRIGIDAE 

Barn Owl Tyto alba: Singles were seen at night at Bipolo and Oelnasi on Timor, and on the way to 

Pagal; the fairly widespread race javanica. 

Flores Scops-owl Otus alfredi: A struggle this year unfortunately. We found a responsive bird so 

close, but several hours of effort over two different nights only produced several sightings 

by the leader and a flight view for one or two of the group. It was originally only known 

from three specimens collected on Mount Repok in 1896, but was rediscovered near 

Ruteng in 1995. At first, its voice was misidentified as that of Red-legged Crake, but was 

finally figured out in the early 2000’s, since which there have been regular observations. 

It is considered as Endangered by BirdLife International. 

Moluccan Scops-owl Otus magicus: Craig tracked one down during our first night owling at Kisol, 

but it flew once everybody moved; only one or two getting onto it. Along the Potawangka 

Road we had two excellent spotlight views of what was presumably the same bird and, 

best of all, we were shown a fantastic roosting group of four on Komodo, in broad 

daylight. Subspecies albiventris. 

Wallace’s Scops-owl Otus silvicola: Our local guide Martinus did exceptionally well to spot one right 

by the roadside as we were leaving the Ruteng area for Puarlolo, and we all had a good 

long look before the bird went to its roost-site. 

Sumba Boobook Ninox rudolfi: Great views of one in a dead tree near Lewa, fluttering it wings and 

rotating. The other bird of the pair was also seen in flight. This endemic is considered to 

be Near-Threatened by BirdLife International. 

Little Sumba Boobook (Sumba Hawk-owl) Ninox sumbaensis: Usually harder to see than the last 

species, it took us no time at all to get several good views of a vocal pair near Lewa this 

year. This Sumba endemic is a species with a chequered history, as it was first recorded in 

1991, when it was thought to be a member of the genus Otus. It was only formally 

described in 2002. Coates & Bishop mention this species under Scops-owl Otus sp? on 

p.361. 

Streaked Boobook Ninox fusca: After an early scare caused by motorbikes, we had excellent looks at 

this Timor endemic at Bipolo. Two birds. Coates & Bishop have it lumped in the Southern 

Boobook Ninox novaeseelandiae. 

CAPRIMULGIDAE 

‘Large-tailed’ Nightjar Caprimulgus macrurus: Two heard at Oelnasi, with one being seen by 

Sieghard. The race here is supposed to be Wallacea-wide schlegelii, but Timor birds 

sound nothing like those on the Moluccas for example, which are quite typical of the 

species. 

Sunda Nightjar (Mees's Nightjar) Caprimulgus meesi: Good views along the forest edge at KM51 near 

Lewa, Sumba, and then even better looks along the Potawangka Road, west Flores. Heard 

at Kisol. Only found on Flores and Sumba, it was previously unrecognised as a species 

due to its lack of morphological distinctness, Sangster & Rozendaal (2004) described it on 

the basis of its vocalisations, which differ significantly from those of Large-tailed. 

Savanna Nightjar Caprimulgus affinis: At Menggitimbe, Sumba, a bird was flushed at close range and 

Jürgen spotted two well developed chicks – a rare sight. Fantastic daytime views of two at 

Benoa, Bali, and another briefly at Watumbelar, Sumba. 

APODIDAE 

Edible-nest Swiftlet Collocalia fuciphaga: The nominate race was commonly seen. 


Glossy Swiftlet (White-bellied S) Collocalia esculenta: Common throughout the Lesser Sundas. We 

saw the race neglecta on Timor, and sumbawae on Sumba and Flores. On-going DNA 

research apparently shows the former to be a good species (Timor Swiftlet), and the latter 

to be a race of Linchi. 

Linchi Swiftlet (Cave S) Collocalia linchi: Common on Bali (dedii). 

House Swift Apus affinis: Common at Uluwatu on Bali, where they presumably breed on the cliffs, 

and also four at Bipolo. 

HALCYONIDAE 

White-rumped Kingfisher Caridonax fulgidus: As usual, we had lengthy looks at several birds on 

Flores. Restricted in range to that island, as well as Sumbawa, Lombok and Besar. The 

genus Caridonax is one of the few that are endemic to the Lesser Sundas. 

Stork-billed Kingfisher Halcyon capensis (H): One was calling at the river mouth near Komodo Eco 

Lodge (floresiana). 

Collared Kingfisher Halcyon chloris: Many observations of the nominate race. 

Sacred Kingfisher Halcyon sancta: Regular sightings of this visitor from Australia (nominate race), 

particularly along coasts. 

Cinnamon-banded Kingfisher Halcyon australasia: Three different birds of the nominate race were 

seen very well on Sumba, including two feeding at liberty. Heard at Oelnasi on Timor. 

Voted fourth best bird of the tour. Considered as Near-Threatened for some reason by 

BirdLife International. 

ALCEDINIDAE 

Rufous-backed Kingfisher Ceyx rufidorsa: Two different birds were seen fleetingly at Langgaliru, 

Sumba. Coates & Bishop have this species lumped with Black-backed Kingfisher C. 

erithaca as Oriental Dwarf Kingfisher, using the latter scientific name C. erithacus for the 

enlarged species. 

Small Blue Kingfisher Alcedo coerulescens: This Indonesian endemic was quite common at Benoa 

Harbour. 

Common Kingfisher Alcedo atthis: Heard at Menggitimbe, and then several seen at Pan Muti, Timor. 

MEROPIDAE 

Blue-tailed Bee-eater Merops philippinus: Regular sightings of this handsome species, on Bali, 

Sumba, Timor and Flores. 

Rainbow Bee-eater Merops ornatus: This visitor from Australia was commonly encountered on 

Timor, while a few were also seen at KM 51, near Lewa, Sumba, and at Kisol and along 

the Potawangka Road, Flores. 

Chestnut-headed Bee-eater Merops leschenaulti: Five or so at Uluwatu, Bali. 

CORACIIDAE 

Common Dollarbird Eurystomus orientalis: Just one at KM 51, Sumba (pacificus). 

BUCEROTIDAE 

Sumba Hornbill Rhyticeros everetti: Recorded every day on Sumba, and some nice scope views. 

With a population that is thought to number less than 4000 birds and declining, it is 

considered as Vulnerable by BirdLife International. 

PICIDAE 

Spot-breasted Woodpecker Dendrocopos analis: At least five birds of the nominate race were seen at 

Uluwatu. This species was formerly lumped in Fulvous-breasted Woodpecker D. macei of 

the northern Indian subcontinent and western and northern Myanmar. 


Sunda Pygmy Woodpecker (Brown-capped W) Dendrocopos moluccensis: Small numbers of this 

widespread little woodpecker on Flores (grandis). The only woodpecker in the Lesser 

Sundas 

PITTIDAE 

Elegant Pitta Pitta elegans: A bird that everyone always wants to see, this year, we had great views of 

perched birds on both Sumba (maria) and Flores (concinna). Commonly heard. Voted 

third best bird of the tour. 

ALAUDIDAE 

Australasian Bushlark Mirafra javanica: Common at Yumbu grasslands, Sumba (parva), while we 

searched for buttonquails, and a couple more at KM 51, near Lewa. 

HIRUNDINIDAE 

Barn Swallow Hirundo rustica: Two at Menggitimbe, Sumba, one near Bipolo, Timor, and a couple 

near Komodo Eco Lodge. 

Pacific Swallow Hirundo tahitica: Small numbers on Sumba and Flores (javanica). 

Striated Swallow Hirundo striata: The nominate race was seen on Sumba, Flores, and Komodo. 

Tree Martin Hirundo nigricans: On Timor, ten were seen near Bipolo, and another at Bariti 

(timoriensis). 

MOTACILLIDAE 

Paddyfield Pipit (Oriental P) Anthus rufulus: Regular observations throughout; albidus on Bali, 

Sumba, and Flores, and medius on Timor. 

CAMPEPHAGIDAE 

Wallacean Cuckoo-shrike Coracina personata: A few observations of this relatively widespread 

species. We saw sumbensis on Sumba, personata on Timor, and pale-vented floris on 

Flores. 

Pale-shouldered Cicadabird (Sumba C) Coracina dohertyi: We saw plenty of these monotypic west 

Lesser Sundas endemics on both Sumba and Flores. 

White-shouldered Triller Lalage sueurii: One on Bali and then regular observations on Sumba and 

Timor. 

Small Minivet Pericrocotus cinnamomeus: Two at Uluwatu; the race saturatus of Java and Bali, here 

at the extreme southern edge of the species range. 

Little Minivet (Flores M) Pericrocotus lansbergei: Many observations of this elegant Flores and 

Sumbawa endemic on Flores. 

AEGITHINIDAE 

Common Iora Aegithina tiphia: Quite common at Uluwatu, Bali. 

PYCNONOTIDAE 

Sooty-headed Bulbul Pycnonotus aurigaster: About five of the nominate race at Uluwatu and then 

five along the forest edge at Bipolo. All had yellow undertail-coverts. Presumed to be 

escapes at the latter location, and not recorded for Timor by Coates & Bishop. 

Yellow-vented Bulbul Pycnonotus goiavier: Very common on Bali (analis). 

DICRURIDAE 

Lesser Wallacean Drongo Dicrurus bimaensis Fairly common on Sumba (sumbae) and common on 

Flores and Komodo (nominate). A recent split from following species, and much more 

easily seen. 

Greater Wallacean Drongo Dicrurus densus: Only a few of these surprisingly scarce large-billed 

drongos on Timor. 


ORIOLIDAE 

Olive-brown Oriole (Timor O) Oriolus melanotis: Quite a few were heard on Timor (nominate race), 

and we had very good views of one at Bipolo. Endemic to Timor, Wetar, Roti and Semau. 

Black-naped Oriole Oriolus chinensis: This widespread and well known species was seen on Sumba 

and Flores, and heard on Komodo. One of the more orange-yellow races was involved; 

broderipii, with very broad black lateral head-bands. 

Timor Figbird Sphecotheres viridis: Small numbers were seen well at Bipolo, Bariti and Oelnasi on 

Timor, where it is mainly associated with fruiting trees. Endemic to Timor, Roti and 

Semau; a split from Australasian (or Green) Figbird S. vieilloti. 

CORVIDAE 

Flores Crow Corvus florensis: Two birds were quite easily seen this year at Kisol. Heard at. With its 

noisy wing-beats and comical calls, this really is an oddity. It is endemic to Flores and is 

considered as Endangered by BirdLife International. 

Southern Jungle Crow Corvus macrorhynchos: Regular sightings throughout. This is a good split from 

the other members of the Large-billed Crow complex (Large-billed Crow C. japonensis, 

Indian Jungle Crow C. culminatus, and Eastern Jungle Crow C. levaillantii). See Rasmussen 

& Anderton’s Birds of South Asia. 

PARIDAE 

Grey Tit Parus cinereus: Not uncommon on Sumba and Flores. Here at the extreme eastern edge of 

its range. A recent split in the Great Tit P. major complex. 

TIMALIIDAE 

Pygmy Wren-babbler Pnoepyga pusilla: One was seen very well around rock outcrops in the 

highland forest on Gunung Mutis, Timor (timorensis), and many others heard. Rather more 

fleetingly near Ruteng on Flores (everetti). The race on Timor is morphometrically and 

vocally distinct, and may well be split in future, while the Flores bird also exhibits vocal 

differences from the mainland. 

TURDIDAE 

White-browed Shortwing Brachypteryx montana: Heard at Golo Lusang, and Jürgen managed to see 

one. This is the isolated and very distinctive floris race, which has a very rich song, and is 

a likely future split. 

Chestnut-capped Thrush Zoothera dohertyi: The lucky few managed to get onto one that was feeding 

at fruiting trees at Puarlolo, while we searched for Flores Monarch. Apparently 

monotypic. 

Chestnut-backed Thrush Zoothera dohertyi: This highly attractive thrush was seen well in a small 

fruiting tree at Langgaliru, Sieghard and Gudrun saw one briefly at Pagal, there was 

another in front of the bus on the way up to Golo Lusang, and one was seen at Puarlolo. 

A few were heard singing from the depths of the forest on Timor. This monotypic Lesser 

Sunda endemic is considered as Near-Threatened by BirdLife International, though it is 

hard to see why. 

Orange-sided Thrush (Orange-banded T) Zoothera peronii: Four of these lovely thrushes on Timor, 

with the best encounter being the two birds at Bipolo. This is the nominate race, and the 

species is restricted to the islands of Timor, Wetar, Babar, Romang and Damar. It is 

considered as Near-Threatened by BirdLife International. 

Island Thrush Turdus poliocephalus: Abundant and easily seen on Gunung Mutis this year, perhaps 

due to the wetter conditions; the form here is schegelii, which is similar to several other 

regional forms. There are no fewer than 52 so-called races of this ‘standing joke’ of a 

species. 


Pied Chat Saxicola caprata: Another widespread species that we encountered on Bali, Flores and 

Komodo (fruticola), Sumba (francki), and Timor (pyrrhonota). 

White-bellied Chat (White-bellied Bushchat) Saxicola gutturalis: Several excellent views of this open 

forest inhabitant on Timor (nominate race), at Bariti, Camplong and Oelnasi. It is endemic 

to Timor, Roti and Semau and is considered as Near-Threatened by BirdLife International. 

Its hard to believe that it is threatened though, considering its habitat requirements. 

PARDALOTIDAE 

Flyeater (Golden-bellied Gerygone) Gerygone sulphurea: Two heard on Bali, and then widely 

distributed at all altitudes on Flores (nominate race). 

Plain Fairy Warbler (P Gerygone) Gerygone inornata: This endemic of Timor, Roti, Wetar and Sawu 

was common in various Timor forests. A highly distinctive and frequently heard song, the 

soundtrack of Timor. 

SYLVIIDAE 

Russet-capped Tesia (R-c Stubtail) Tesia everetti: Frequently encountered on Flores (nominate race), 

with many sightings; being best seen along the road near Pagal. Endemic to Sumbawa and 

Flores. 

Timor Stubtail Urosphena subulata: At least six of these tiny warblers were seen feeding and moving 

(surprisingly swiftly) through the leaf-litter at Bipolo and Camplong, and it was widely 

heard (by those that could hear it!). It is restricted to Timor, Wetar and Babar. 

Sunda Bush-warbler (Indonesian Bush-warbler) Cettia vulcania: Great views of a single everetti at 

Camplong, and a couple more heard. 

Australian Reed-warbler Acrocephalus australis: The Clamorous-type reed warblers at Menggitimbe 

and Pan Muti, sound and look like they are best aligned with this species. 

Mountain Tailorbird Orthotomus cuculatus: Excellent close views of three at Golo Lusang (everetti). 

DNA studies have shown that it is not remotely related to tailorbirds, and it is currently 

called Phyllergates cucullatus. 

Timor Leaf-warbler Phylloscopus presbytes: Many were seen well on Gunung Mutis, Timor; heard at 

Camplong and Oelnasi. It is endemic to this island. 

Flores Leaf-warbler Phylloscopus floris: Common enough in the highland forests of Flores. An 

endemic that was recently split from the previous species. 

Yellow-breasted Warbler Seicercus montis: Heard twice at Golo Lusang, Flores (floris), and seen once 

by Jürgen. A widespread species. 

Striated Grassbird Megalurus palustris: This surprising write-in was singing and displaying, and was 

very conspicuous at Uluwatu – presumably stimulated into action by recent rain. At least 

three birds seen. 

Buff-banded Thicket-warbler (B-b Bushbird) Buettikoferella bivittata: This unusual Timor endemic 

was as rather more cooperative this year, and we obtained a number of good views in the 

various forests. The genus Buettikoferella is one of the few that are endemic to the Lesser 

Sundas. 

CISTICOLIDAE 

Zitting Cisticola (Fan-tailed Warbler) Cisticola juncidis: Several encounters with this well-known 

species on Sumba and Timor, heard at Komodo Eco Lodge (fuscicapillus). 

Golden-headed Cisticola (Bright-capped Cisticola) Cisticola exilis: Two showed well at Pan Muti, 

near Bipolo, Timor (lineocapilla). 

Bar-winged Prinia Prinia familiaris: Another bonus-bird on Bali, where a pair showed incredibly well 

at Uluwatu, and there were more at Benoa Harbour. 


MUSCICAPIDAE 

Flores Jungle-flycatcher Rhinomyias oscillans: Easily seen again this year in the Flores highlands. A 

dependant fledged juvenile at Rana Mese was noteworthy. Endemic to Sumbawa and 

Flores. This and the next species are not typical Rhinomyias flycatchers and exhibit 

whistler-like behaviour. They should note be in the same genus as mainland South-East 

Asian species for example. 

Sumba Jungle-flycatcher Rhinomyias stresemanni: A better year than last with several seen on Sumba. 

A recent split from the previous species. 

Sumba Brown Flycatcher Muscicapa segregata: A pair and a single bird in different areas at 

Watumbelar. One of the pair was carrying food. One of the tougher Sumba endemics to 

see, and considered as Near-Threatened by BirdLife International. 

Snowy-browed Flycatcher Ficedula hyperythra: Four of these familiar little flycatchers were seen on 

the lower slopes of Gunung Mutis (clarae). 

Rufous-chested Flycatcher Ficedula dumetoria: Nigel picked-up a cracking male of the nominate 

race at Puarlolo, Flores. 

Sumba Flycatcher Ficedula harterti: What has so far been the toughest of the Sumba endemics turned 

out to easy again this year. It was the first endemic that we saw, and we looked at three 

birds and heard at least two more in total. It is not a Ficedula flycatcher, being more 

similar to the so-called Rhinomyias flycatchers of this region. 

Little Pied Flycatcher Ficedula westermanni: Small numbers on Timor and Flores. 

Black-banded Flycatcher Ficedula timorensis: The first bird that we saw at Camplong, with a pair 

seen perched very well, several time. This striking little flycatcher is considered as Near- 

Threatened by BirdLife International. 

Timor Blue Flycatcher Cyornis hyacinthinus: The nominate race was common on Timor. Otherwise, 

only occurs on the islands of Roti, Semau, and Wetar. Its assignation to this genus seems 

dubious, and nothing about the bird says Cyornis, apart from colour. 

MONARCHIDAE 

Black-naped Monarch Hypothymis azurea: Quite common at Kisol, on Flores and Komodo 

(prophata). 

Asian Paradise-flycatcher Terpsiphone paradisi: Regularly recorded on Sumba (sumbaensis) and on 

Flores (floris). We saw several white males. The song on Sumba, at least, is completely 

different to that of mainland South-East Asian populations. 

Flores Monarch Monarcha sacerdotum: At least three of these little-known and striking monarchs at 

Puarlolo, including a juvenile for the second year running. It is endemic to the western 

half of Flores and was only discovered in 1971 (described in 1973). It then disappeared 

for many years until fairly sizable populations were found in the 1990’s. It is considered 

as Endangered by BirdLife International. 

Spectacled Monarch Monarcha trivirgatus: Occasional sightings on Sumba and Timor (nominate 

race). 

Broad-billed Flycatcher (B-b Monarch) Myiagra ruficollis: These odd boat-billed monarchs were 

commonly found this year on Sumba and Timor. Many were singing. The nominate race. 

RHIPIDURIDAE 

Pied Fantail Rhipidura javanica (NL): John managed to see one at Benoa. 

Northern Fantail Rhipidura rufiventris: The nominate race was one of the commonest forest birds on 

Timor. It does not adopt the characteristic fanned-tail posture of most fantails. 

Brown-capped Fantail Rhipidura diluta: This Sumbawa, Flores and Lomblen endemic was frequently 

seen in the highlands of Flores; the nominate race. Perhaps waggletail would be more 

appropriate! 

Arafura Fantail Rhipidura dryas: This recent split from Rufous Fantail R. rufifrons was common on 

Sumba (sumbensis) and on Timor and to a lesser extent Flores (semicollaris). 


PETROICIDAE 

Grey-headed Flycatcher (G-h Canary-flycatcher) Culicicapa ceylonensis: Several were recorded on 

Sumba (connectens), and singles seen and heard on Flores (sejuncta). Although a wellknown 

and widespread Asian species, the birds here have markedly different 

vocalisations and lack the slightly crested appearance of mainland forms. 

PACHYCEPHALIDAE 

Fawn-breasted Whistler Pachycephala orpheus: Common on Timor. Its song is much more distinctive 

than its plumage. Endemic to Timor, Wetar, Jaco and Semau. 

Common Golden Whistler (Golden Whistler) Pachycephala pectoralis: We recorded this widespread 

and bird on Sumba (fulviventris), Timor (calliope), and Flores and Komodo (fulvotincta). 

An amazing 64 subspecies have been described. 

Bare-throated Whistler Pachycephala nudigula: With its magnificent and extremely varied, powerful 

song, this is one of the most wanted birds on this tour, and was voted a clear favourite 

bird of the trip. We had several good sightings in the Flores highlands, where it is 

represented by the nominate race. It is endemic to Sumbawa and Flores. 

ARTAMIDAE 

White-breasted Wood-swallow Artamus leucorynchus: Amazingly, just one near Bipolo (albiventer). 

Black-faced Wood-swallow Artamus cinereus (NL): A pair of this mainly Australian species in the 

rice-paddies near Bipolo, Timor (perspicillatus). 

LANIIDAE 

Long-tailed Shrike Lanius schach: Small numbers on Bali and Timor (bentet). 

STURNIDAE 

Short-tailed Starling Aplonis minor: Regularly recorded. 

Black-winged Myna (B-w Starling) Acridotheres melanopterus: It was a big bonus to see this 

declining, or should one say seriously persecuted bird at Uluwatu on the south coast of 

Bali. We had very nice views of a pair, perhaps even three birds. The race was Balinese 

tertius. 

Javan Myna Acridotheres javanicus: Sightings on Bali, where it is native, totalled 17 birds. Six were 

also seen during our travels on Sumba, where it is presumed to be introduced, and we 

even saw one feeding amongst cattle, near Pan Muti, Timor. Coates & Bishop confusingly 

include it in A. cinereus (Pale-bellied Myna) of SW Sulawesi, under the common name 

White-vented Myna. 

MELIPHAGIDAE 

Timor Friarbird (Plain F) Philemon inornatus: Regular observations of this fairly inconspicuous Timor 

endemic. 

Helmeted Friarbird Philemon buceroides: Widespread and very vociferous. Recorded on Sumba and 

Flores (neglectus) and on Timor (nominate race). 

Streak-breasted Honeyeater (S-b Meliphaga) Meliphaga reticulata: Fairly common on Timor, but there 

were relatively few flowering trees this year. Endemic to Timor and Semau. 

Scaly-crowned Honeyeater Lichmera lombokia: Common around flowering trees in the Flores 

highlands. It is endemic to Lombok, Sumbawa and Flores. 

Indonesian Honeyeater Lichmera limbata: Several sightings on Sumba and Timor. It was previously 

lumped in Brown Honeyeater L. indistincta of Australia and New Guinea. 

Yellow-eared Honeyeater Lichmera flavicans: Quite scarce this year on Timor, but seen well enough. 

One of the more attractive Honeyeaters, and a Timor endemic. 

Sumba Red-headed Honeyeater (S Myzomela) Myzomela dammermani: A tough year, with two 

different birds during our last morning birding on Sumba, Keith Betton and Sieghard 

getting the best views. 


Black-chested Honeyeater (B-c Myzomela, Red-rumped Honeyeater) Myzomela vulnerata: Regular 

observations of this Timor endemic, which is much easier to find than the previous 

species, and is particularly common around flowering trees. 

NECTARINIIDAE 

Brown-throated Sunbird Nectarinia malacensis: Small numbers on Sumba (rubrigena), and Flores 

(convergens). Widespread in South-East Asia and the Greater Sundas. 

Olive-backed Sunbird Nectarinia jugularis: A few were seen on Bali, Flores and Komodo (ornata). 

Another widespread species. 

Apricot-breasted Sunbird Nectarinia buettikoferi: This delightful Sumba endemic posed several times 

for us along forest edges. 

Flame-breasted Sunbird Nectarinia solaris: Many splendid views of this blinding Lesser Sundas 

endemic on Timor, Flores and Komodo (nominate race). 

DICAEIDAE 

Golden-rumped Flowerpecker Dicaeum annae: Common in certain parts of Flores. The golden rumpplumes 

were seen for the first time, fluffed out by a displaying bird at Kisol. Endemic to 

Sumbawa and Flores. 

Thick-billed Flowerpecker Dicaeum agile: Seven of these tail-wagglers were seen on Sumba (tinctum) 

and four on Timor (obsoletum). 

Black-fronted Flowerpecker Dicaeum igniferum: This Lesser Sundas endemic was regularly observed 

on Flores. 

Red-chested Flowerpecker Dicaeum maugei: Quite common in the Timor forests (nominate race). 

Endemic to the Lesser Sundas and a few islands south of Sulawesi. 

Blood-breasted Flowerpecker Dicaeum sanguinolentum: Common on Sumba (wilhelminae), and one 

seen at Golo Lusang (rhodopgygiale) by a John and Craig. Restricted to Java, Bali and the 

Lesser Sundas. 

Scarlet-headed Flowerpecker Dicaeum trochileum: A pair showed well around a Mango tree at 

Uluwatu. A very striking Indonesian endemic. 

ZOSTEROPIDAE 

Oriental White-eye Zosterops palpebrosus: Frequent on Flores, predominantly in the highlands. 

Yellow-bellied unicus; surely a potential split. 

Mountain White-eye Zosterops montanus: Very common in the Timor and Flores highland forests 

(nominate race). 

Yellow-spectacled White-eye (Orange-fronted W-e) Zosterops wallacei: Fairly common on Sumba 

and Flores. This distinctive orange-fronted ‘dark-eye’ is endemic to the western Lesser 

Sundas. 

Lemon-bellied White-eye (Moluccan W-e) Zosterops chloris: Quite common around Komodo Eco 

Lodge, Labuan Bajo and on Komodo, with several close observations. 

Ashy-bellied White-eye Zosterops citrinellus: Common on Sumba and Timor (nominate race). 

Yellow-browed Dark-eye (Eye-browed Ibon, White-browed White-eye) Lophozosterops superciliaris: 

This ibon was common enough in the highlands of Flores (nominate race), and is endemic 

to Sumbawa and Flores. 

Crested Dark-eye (Dark-crowned Ibon, Dark-crowned White-eye) Lophozosterops dohertyi: This 

handsome ibon was particularly common this year in submontane forests on Flores 

(subcristatus), and is endemic to Sumbawa, Satonda and Flores. Much more attractive 

than shown in Coates & Bishop. 

Spot-breasted Dark-eye (Streak-breasted Ibon, Timor White-eye) Heleia muelleri: It was hard work as 

usual with this fast moving mid-storey ibon, but me managed to find at least four on two 

days at Camplong and two at Oelnasi. Heleia is one of the few genera that is endemic to 

the Lesser Sundas, and the species is considered as Near-Threatened by BirdLife 



Thick-billed Dark-eye (Pale-fronted Ibon, Flores White-eye) Heleia crassirostris: This very ‘differentlooking’ 

ibon was also commoner than usual this year. Often betraying its presence by its 

very powerful song, we also had many birds feeding on small fruits at mid forest strata 

levels. Endemic to Sumbawa and Flores. 

PASSERIDAE 

Tree Sparrow (Eurasian T S) Passer montanus: Fairly common throughout (malaccensis). 

ESTRILDIDAE 

Red Avadavat Amandava amandava: About 20 at Watumbelar, two en route in west Sumba, and six 

at Bipolo (flavidiventris). Wallacean populations are probably derived from early 

introductions. 

Zebra Finch Taeniopygia guttata: Seen on all three major islands: a few at Yumbu Grasslands and 

100 or more at Menggitimbe on Sumba, a few at Bipolo, Pete and Maggie’s nesting pair at 

Oelnasi, one at the Kristal Hotel, and then two near Komodo Eco Lodge. A Lesser Sunda 

endemic, now that the Australian form castanotis has been split-off as Chestnut-eared 

Finch. 

Black-faced Munia Lonchura molucca: This monotypic munia was regularly seen throughout, and is 

mostly restricted to Wallacea. 

Scaly-breasted Munia (Nutmeg Mannikin) Lonchura punctulata: This widespread and well-known 

species was also regularly encountered throughout; nisoria on Bali, sumbae on Sumba, 

and blasii on Flores and Timor. 

Five-coloured Munia Lonchura quinticolor: Only relatively few this year, with about 30 seen in total 

on Sumba and Timor. A Lesser Sundas endemic. 

Timor Sparrow Padda fuscata: Good views of eight of these little-known Padda’s along the forest 

edge at Bipolo, including some juveniles. Endemic to Timor, Roti and Semau and is 

considered as Vulnerable by BirdLife International. 

MAMMALS 

Plantain Squirrel Callosciurus notatus: One was seen briefly at Uluwatu. 

Brown Rat Rattus norvegicus: At least two in Labuan Bajo. 

[Flying fox Pteropus sp.: One of the larger species along the Potawangka road, near Labuan Bajo.] 

Long-tailed Macaque (Crab-eating Macaque) Macaca fascicularis: Common and widespread on 

Sumba and Flores. 

Indo-Pacific Bottle-nosed Dolphin Tursiops aduncus: At least ten during the boat trip from Komodo 

to Labuan Bajo. 

Timor Deer (Rusa Deer) Cervus timorensis: Common on Komodo; though thought to possibly be an 

ancient introduction. 

REPTILES 

Wolf snake Lycopogon sp.: One injured animal en route to Pagal. 

Komodo Dragon Varanus komodoensis: At least five of these famous giant monitor lizards on 

Komodo, including a small juvenile of about three years age. 

Tockay Gecko Gekko gecko: Regularly heard throughout and seen at Kisol Seminary. 

Green Sea Turtle Chelonia mydas: Just one on the way to Komodo. 

Boschma’s Gliding-lizard Draco boschmai: Several, with their yellow throat-fans, Sumba and Flores. 

This is a recent split from Common Gliding-lizard D. volans, and is endemic to the 

western Lesser Sundas and parts of Sulawesi. 


AMPHIBIANS 

Asian Common Toad Duttaphrynus melanostictus: Common on Sumba, where it is a non-native. 

Cricket Frog Fejervarya limnocharis: In the ricefields at Bipolo. 

BUTTERFLIES 

Haliphron Birdwing Troides haliphrone naias: On Sumba. Endemic to the Lesser Sundas and 

Sulawesi. 

Peranthus Peacock Papilio peranthus: Kisol and Ruteng etc. Bali to the Lesser Sundas only. 

Banded Peacock Papilio palinurus: Watumbelar. 

‘Reinwardt’s Orange Tip’ Ixias reinwardti: On Komodo. Bali to the Lesser Sundas only. 

Great Orange Tip Hebomoia glaucippe flavomarginata: Newa Sumba Resort, Kisol. 

Common Wanderer Pareronia valeria tryphena: Kisol. 

Red-spot Jezebel Delias descombesi lydia: Kisol. 

Psyche Leptosia nina: Oelnasi, Kisol. 

Long-tailed Blue (Pea Blue) Lampides boeticus: Watumbelar at least. All the way to Europe. 

Lesser Grass Blue Zizina otis: Watumbelar. 

Common Palmfly Elymnias hypermnestra: Potawangka Road. 

Common Nawab Polyura athamas: One at Menggitimbe and then photographed it in the homestay 

garden at Lewa by Gudrun. The form here, along with other regional ones, is sometimes 

split-off as a separate species P. alphius. 

‘Sunda Nawab’ Polyura galaxia: Also photographed at Lewa by Gudrun. A Lesser Sundas endemic 

that was formerly lumped in Tailed Emperor P. pyrrhus. 

Commander Moduza procris sumbana: KM51 & Langgaliru, near Lewa. 

Common Sailer Neptis hylas: here are only two regional sailers, and this is the commonest. 

Clear Sailer Neptis nata: Gudrun photographed one at Kisol. 

Chocolate Pansy Junonia iphita: Watumbelar, Kisol. 

Grey Pansy Junonia atlites: Watumbelar, Bipolo. 

Peacock Pansy Junonia almana: Watumbelar. 

Lurcher Yoma sabina: One of these striking largish butterflies at Kisol. 

Striped Tiger Danaus genutia: Kisol. 

Black-and-white Tiger Danaus affinis: Newa Sumba Resort. 

Plain Tiger Danaus chrysippus: Bipolo, Ruteng. 

Malay Lacewing Cethosia hypsea: Kisol. 

Rustic Cupha erymanthis: Langgaliru. 

Common Evening Brown Melanitis leda: Camplong. 

Nigger Orsotriaena medus: Watumbelar. 

Cruiser Vindula erota: Kisol. 

MOTHS 

Atlas Moth Attacus atlas: One of these cozmic moths on the way to Pagal. 

DRAGONFLIES 

Common Bluetail Ischnura senegalensis: Menggitimbe. 

Rainforest Elf Tetrathemis irregularis: Kisol Seminary. 

Asian Amberwing Brachythemis contaminata: Menggitimbe, Bipolo. 

Painted Grasshawk Neurothemis stigmatizans: Kisol. 

Red-faced Dropwing Orthetrum chrysis: Kisol. 

Slender Skimmer Orthetrum sabina: Menggitimbe. 

Twister Tholymis tillarga: Pan Muti. 


Bar-winged Prinia, a Java & Bali endemic, was seen at Uluwatu 

Sumba endemics included the threatened Citron-crested Cockatoo, 

and Apricot-breasted Sunbird, 


as well as the more widespread Cinnamon-banded Kingfisher, 

and these baby Savanna Nightjars were pretty cool. 

Timor endemics included Black-chested Myzomela (or honeyeater), 


Streak-breasted Honeyeater, 

the striking White-bellied Chat, 

and even the rarely seen Timor Imperial Pigeon 


while migrants included Australian Pelican from the south, 

and a gathering of no fewer than 130 (mostly juvenile) Oriental Plovers 

White-rumped Kingfisher was one of the best birds on Flores, 


and this massive Atlas Moth was amazing 

On Komodo four roosting Moluccan Scops-owls were seen, 


and two pairs of Malaysian Plovers were unexpected 

Komodo National Park provided a fitting finale

INDONESIA (LESSER SUNDAS) REP 10 - Birdquest

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?