Chapter 23 The Circulatory, Respiratory, Digestive, and Excretory ...

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23.1 The Circulatory System Lesson Objectives • Explain how the heart pumps blood throughout the body. • Compare different types of blood vessels and their roles. • Outline pathways of the pulmonary and systemic circulations. • Define cardiovascular disease, and list its risk factors. • Describe blood, blood components, and blood pressure. Vocabulary • antigen • artery • atherosclerosis • blood • blood pressure • blood type • capillary • cardiovascular disease (CVD) • circulatory system • heart attack • hypertension • plasma • platelet • pulmonary circulation • red blood cell • systemic circulation • vein • white blood cell Introduction The circulatory system can be compared to a system of interconnected, one-way roads that range from superhighways to back alleys. Like a network of roads, the job of the circulatory system is to allow the transport of materials from one place to another. As described in Figure 23.1, the materials carried by the circulatory system include hormones, oxygen, cellular wastes, and nutrients from digested food. Transport of all these materials is necessary to maintain homeostasis of the body. The main components of the circulatory system are the heart, blood vessels, and blood. Each of these components is described in detail below. The Heart The heart is a muscular organ in the chest. It consists mainly of cardiac muscle tissue and pumps blood through blood vessels by repeated, rhythmic contractions. The heart has four chambers, as shown in Figure 23.2: two upper atria (singular, atrium) and two lower ventricles. Valves between chambers keep blood flowing through the heart in just one direction. For an animation of the structures of the heart, go to this link: http://www.byrnehealthcare.com/animations/SutterAnatomy.htm. www.ck12.org 688
Figure 23.1: The function of the circulatory system is to move materials around the body. Figure 23.2: The chambers of the heart and the valves between them are shown here. 689 www.ck12.org
Page 1: Chapter 23 The Circulatory, Respira
Page 5 and 6: • Arteries are muscular blood ves
Page 7 and 8: Figure 23.6: The systemic circulati
Page 9 and 10: Blood Blood is a fluid connective t
Page 11 and 12: • Blood is a fluid connective tis
Page 13 and 14: Figure 23.12: (Watch Youtube Video)
Page 15 and 16: Figure 23.14: Alveoli are tiny sacs
Page 17 and 18: • Pneumonia is a disease in which
Page 19 and 20: Apply Concepts 6. Sometimes people
Page 21 and 22: Figure 23.18: The digestive system
Page 23 and 24: The following interactive animation
Page 25 and 26: Table 23.1: (continued) Enzyme What
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Page 29 and 30: Table 23.3: (continued) Vitamin Fun
Page 32 and 33: Figure 23.30: Nutrition facts label
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Page 36 and 37: Figure 23.34: The kidneys are the c
Page 38 and 39: Figure 23.38: The parts of a nephro
Page 40 and 41: 2. List organs of the excretory sys

Chapter 23 The Circulatory, Respiratory, Digestive, and Excretory ...

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