1 Low applicatives and the mapping hypothesis in Sumerian J. Cale ...
1 Low applicatives and the mapping hypothesis in Sumerian J. Cale ...
1 Low applicatives and the mapping hypothesis in Sumerian J. Cale ...
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(15) [ VP igi [ Vº bi [ VP du [ PP -e [ DP gig …]]]]]<br />
[ VP eye [ Vº LoAp [ VP hold/spread [ Poss/DatP Poss/Dat [ DP wheat …]]]]]<br />
(16) [ NP two pictures [ XP of [ DP John’s [ NP two pictures]]]]<br />
(17) a. [ VP du [ DP gig [ NP igi]]] (Genitive)<br />
b. [ VP du [ LoAp bi [ NP igi [ PP Dat [ DP gig] (Possessor rais<strong>in</strong>g)<br />
c. [ VP [ LoAp [ NP igi] bi] du …] (Dative moves out of VP, NP<br />
<strong>and</strong> LoAp roll up)<br />
(18) Negative contrastive focus construction (Gilgamesh <strong>and</strong> Huwawa, l<strong>in</strong>e 84)<br />
[TopP ama-bii [FocP tilla iri-zu-ak-åe nu-am<br />
[ TopP mo<strong>the</strong>r-3Pos i [ FocP square city-2Poss-Gen-Ter Neg-Cop<br />
[IP bi-b-sar-ed [VP e …]]]]<br />
[ IP Ap/Caus-Agr-run-Mod [ VP e …]]]]<br />
[TopP As for <strong>the</strong>ir mo<strong>the</strong>rs<br />
[FocP it is not TO THE MARKETPLACE OF YOUR CITY<br />
[IP that <strong>the</strong>y should be made to run ...<br />
Context: (Enkidu is speak<strong>in</strong>g to Gilgamesh) “Gilgamesh, for how long will you sleep?<br />
The sons of your city who came with you should not have to wait at <strong>the</strong> foot of <strong>the</strong> hills.<br />
As for <strong>the</strong>ir mo<strong>the</strong>rs, it is not to <strong>the</strong> marketplace of your city that <strong>the</strong>y should be made to<br />
run” (but ra<strong>the</strong>r it is to <strong>the</strong>ir sons that should run).<br />
(19) Complex predicate <strong>in</strong> negative contrastive focus construction (Lugalb<strong>and</strong>a II, l<strong>in</strong>e 215)<br />
[ TopP gu 3 i.ri.de 2.a nam mu.ni.ib.be 2.en … åeå-zu-ne-r<br />
[ TopP what I have told you <strong>the</strong> fate I have fixed for you] … bro<strong>the</strong>r-2Poss-Pl-Dat.Anim<br />
[FocP pa nu-am [ IP bi-b-e-en [ VP ...]]]]<br />
[FocP branch/w<strong>in</strong>g Neg-Cop [ IP Ap/Caus.Inan-Agr-go.out-1Sg.N/A [ VP<br />
[ TopP As for what I have told you, as for <strong>the</strong> fate I have fixed for you<br />
[ FocP it is not THE BRANCH/WING<br />
[ IP that you should cause to go forth to your bro<strong>the</strong>rs<br />
Context: (Anzu speak<strong>in</strong>g to Lugalb<strong>and</strong>a:) “Come now, my Lugalb<strong>and</strong>a. I shall give you<br />
some advice. May my advice be heeded. I shall say words to you. Bear <strong>the</strong>m <strong>in</strong> m<strong>in</strong>d!<br />
As for what I have told you, <strong>the</strong> fate I have fixed for you, do not make it known to your<br />
bro<strong>the</strong>rs.”<br />
1Sg.N/A = first person s<strong>in</strong>gular, nom<strong>in</strong>ative/absolutive<br />
2Poss = second person possessive pronoun<br />
3Poss = third person possessive pronoun<br />
Agr = agreement<br />
Ap/Caus.Anim = animate applicative/causative<br />
14
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