Passage to a Ringed World - NASA's History Office

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APPENDIX D 148 PASSAGE TO A RINGED WORLD Solar System Characteristics STATISTICS OF THE PLANETS Mercury Venus Earth Mars Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune Pluto Mean Distance from Sun Astronomical Units 0.387 0.723 1.000 1.524 5.203 9.555 19.218 30.110 39.545 Millions of kilometers 57.9 108.2 149.6 227.9 778.3 1429.4 2871.0 4504.3 5913.5 Orbital Period, days 87.97 224.7 365.26 686.98 4332.7 10759.5 30685 60190 90800 Diameter, kilometers Equatorial 4878 12104 12756 6794 142984 120660 51118 49528 2300 Polar 4879 12104 12713 6760 133829 107629 49586 48044 2300? Mass [Earth = 1] 0.055 0.815 1.000 0.107 317.92 95.184 14.54 17.15 0.0022? Density, t/cubic m 5.42 5.25 5.52 3.94 1.33 0.69 1.27 1.64 2.03 Gravity [Earth = 1] 0.38 0.90 1.00 0.38 2.53 1.07 0.91 1.14 0.07 Rotation Period, days 58.646 243.01 23.9345 24.6229 9.9249 10.6562 17.24 16.11 6.3872 Orbit Inclination, degrees 7.0 3.4 0.0 1.8 1.3 2.5 0.8 1.8 17.1 Footnotes 1 Astronomical Unit [AU] = 149,597,870.694 kilometers Data from the Observer’s Handbook 1997, courtesy of The Royal Astronomical Society of Canada and the Cassini Physical Constants document. MAGNETOSPHERES OF THE PLANETS Mercury Earth Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune 3 Field Strength at Equator, gauss•R 0.0033 0.3076 4.28 0.218 0.228 0.133 P Dipole Tilt to Rotational Axis, degrees 169 11.4 9.6
APPENDIX D THE SATELLITES — A COMPARISON Diameter, Distance from Planet, Planet No., Designation Name kilometers kilometers – planet radii Discovery Saturn XVIII, 1981S13 Pan 20 133583 – 2.214 1990 XV, 1980S28 Atlas 37.0×34.4×26.4 137640 – 2.281 1980 XVI, 1980S27 Prometheus 148×100×68 139350 – 3.310 1980 XVII, 1980S26 Pandora 110×88×62 141700 – 2.349 1980 XI, 1980S3 Epimetheus 138×110×110 151422 – 2.510 1966 X, 1980S1 Janus 194×190×154 151472 – 2.511 1966 I Mimas 418.2×392.4×382.8 185520 – 3.075 1789 II Enceladus 512.6×494.6×489.2 238020 – 3.945 1789 III Tethys 1071.2×1056.4×1051.6 294660 – 4.884 1684 XIII Telesto 30×25×15 294660 – 4.884 1980 XIV Calypso 30×16×16 294660 – 4.884 1980 IV Dione 1120 377400 – 6.256 1684 XII, 1980S6 Helene 35 378400 – 6.266 1980 V Rhea 1528 527040 – 8.736 1672 VI Titan 5150 1221850 – 20.253 1655 VII Hyperion 360×280×225 1481100 – 24.550 1848 VIII Iapetus 1436 3561300 – 59.030 1671 IX Phoebe 230×220×210 12952000 – 214.7 1898 Earth – Moon 3476 384500 – 60.285 – Mars I Phobos 21 9400 – 2.767 1877 II Deimos 12 23500 – 6.918 1877 Jupiter I Io 3630 422000 – 5.903 1610 II Europa 3140 671000 – 9.386 1610 III Ganymede 5260 1070000 – 14.967 1610 IV Callisto 4800 1885000 – 26.367 1610 Neptune I Triton 2700 5510000 – 222.491 1846 Data from the Observer’s Handbook 1997, courtesy of The Royal Astronomical Society of Canada and the Cassini Physical Constants document. SOLAR SYSTEM CHARACTERISTICS 149
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Passage to a Ringed World The Cassi
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On the Cover: A collage of images s
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FOREWORD This book is for you. You
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This book would not
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Three separate images, taken by Voy
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descent to the surface. The Huygens
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address the challenges of the missi
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Participant Nations* * First flag i
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PROBING A MOON OF MYSTERY Huygens
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TOUR T18-3 TARGETED SATELLITE FLYBY
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SATURN CASSINI-HUYGENS MISSION SCIE
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Cassini-Huygens designed to determi
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In this diagram from his book, Syst
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This Voyager 1 image shows Saturn
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An Extended Atmosphere From Liquid
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Haze layers are also observed above
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IN THE EYE OF THE BEHOLDER Taken fr
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This spectacular view of the edge o
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the interaction was described as a
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have a signature of a tone decreasi
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CONSTITUENTS OF THE TITAN ATMOSPHER
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The processes of plate tectonics an
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tan was accreting, it is possible t
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Surface Science. The highest resolu
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This enhanced Voyager 2 image shows
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Voyager 1 captured this striking im
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Prometheus and Pandora, two tiny sa
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In the stellar occultation experime
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scattering than are larger particle
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In fact, Saturn’s rings — as we
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The satellites of Saturn comprise a
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Before the advent of spacecraft exp
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The bright surface of Saturn’s mo
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Galilean satellites. Most of what i
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duced that one hemisphere is compos
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patches on the surface. Although it
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Artist’s conception of Ithaca Cha
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An artist’s rendition of Saturn
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The MAPS Instruments Coordinated ob
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field reverses direction across the
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SATURN’S MAGNETIC FIELD Saturn’
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Solar Wind Magnetosheath Titan neut
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per atmosphere. Energetic particles
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and plasma wave emissions from narr
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CHAPTER 7 Space mission design aims
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(SOI) propulsive maneuver to initia
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the tour cannot continue. Of course
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crease inclination to this value. T
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This illustration shows the main de
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discussed earlier) and data handlin
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of the spacecraft! Below the oxidiz
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• Opening or shutting thermal lou
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Page 130 and 131: CHAPTER 10 Mission operations are t
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Page 140 and 141: AFTERWORD It has been said that in
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Page 144 and 145: APPENDIX A Command. A data transact
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Page 148 and 149: APPENDIX A Plasma wave. A wave char
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Page 152 and 153: APPENDIX B H O 2 + Water molecule w
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Page 160 and 161: APPENDIX F 152 PASSAGE TO A RINGED
Page 162 and 163: APPENDIX F 154 PASSAGE TO A RINGED
Page 164 and 165: APPENDIX F Peralta, F. and S. Flana
Page 168: National Aeronautics and Space Admi
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