Reactions of Aromatic Compounds
Reactions of Aromatic Compounds
Reactions of Aromatic Compounds
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Examples <strong>of</strong> Electrophilic <strong>Aromatic</strong> Substitution <strong>Reactions</strong><br />
X 2, FeX 3<br />
X = Cl, Br<br />
HONO 2<br />
H 2SO 4<br />
SO 3<br />
H 2SO 4<br />
RCl<br />
AlCl 3<br />
O<br />
RCCl<br />
=<br />
AlCl 3<br />
X<br />
NO 2<br />
Halogenation<br />
Nitration<br />
SO 3H<br />
Sulfonation<br />
R Friedel-Crafts<br />
Alkylation<br />
O<br />
= C<br />
R<br />
Friedel-Crafts<br />
Acylation<br />
These reactions are<br />
commonly used<br />
synthetic procedures<br />
for modifying arenes.<br />
They proceed by a<br />
general mechanism<br />
initiated by addition <strong>of</strong><br />
an electrophile E + to<br />
the aromatic π-system,<br />
forming a nonaromatic<br />
carbocation<br />
intermediate called an<br />
arenium ion.
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