Transference, Countertransference, and Vicarious Traumatization in ...
Transference, Countertransference, and Vicarious Traumatization in ...
Transference, Countertransference, and Vicarious Traumatization in ...
Create successful ePaper yourself
Turn your PDF publications into a flip-book with our unique Google optimized e-Paper software.
Chronically Traumatized Individuals<br />
n Are too rigid <strong>and</strong> closed <strong>in</strong>stead of flexible: fixed <strong>in</strong><br />
particular <strong>and</strong> narrow ways of be<strong>in</strong>g, especially<br />
defense <strong>and</strong> avoidance; overly closed to learn<strong>in</strong>g from<br />
the present; respond with conditioned reactions<br />
n Are too unstable <strong>and</strong> open: overly open to the<br />
<strong>in</strong>fluence of <strong>in</strong>ternal experiences <strong>and</strong> perceptual<br />
distortions, <strong>and</strong> sometimes to other people; overly<br />
open to the <strong>in</strong>fluence of the past<br />
n Are reflexive <strong>in</strong>stead of reflective: have great<br />
difficulty be<strong>in</strong>g reflective or stay<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> a reflective<br />
mode; are impulsive <strong>and</strong> reactive<br />
(Steele, 2009)
Change language