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2. The characters used are those to be found in the
International Phonetic Alphabet (definitely not equivalent
to English usage!) and have precisely the same
pronunciations, except for the following digraphs: SH and
ZH correspond respectively to sh in English show, and j
in French journal. In fact they ought to be the single
characters S and Z with a cedilla. If these letters are not
(yet) available on a given typewriter or text editor, one can
use the Chech equivalents with a caret, or most simply
SH and ZH instead — as is done throughout this paper
— which will do just as well. The two vowels O and E
have (for English-speaking people) very much the
phonetic values of e in bed and of o in lock. 9
3. Digraphs (a pair of different letters for one phoneme)
have been made extinct: PH is now always F; TH is now
T; AE is now simply E or A; and so on. Therefore, all
letters have to be individually pronounced, except for the
just mentioned temporary ZH and SH.
Phacophyceae Fajofukuloj
Thalarctos Talasarkto
Elaeagnus Elajagno
4. Diphthongs are written with a vowel plus j or w,
instead of i or u : -aj, -oj, -uj, -aw, -ew, etc.
5. Because of Rule 18.1, one should try to make names as
easily pronounceable as possible, avoiding in particular a
9 Interlinguists should make a note of the fact, that the spellings of new
Uniespo and traditional Esperanto don’t entirely match up; e.g. new
/ts/w/dž/ against customary /c/ŭ / ĝ/ .
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