Cold-Water Corals. Distribution of fauna and ... - Jacobs University

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on the Irish margin, but very few at comparable reef locations on the Norwegian margin. They are not discussed at length in this thesis. Zoanthidae, soft bodied colonial animals for the most part have only a few harder-bodied species providing habitat niches for other species. With these hard bodied species rare in European waters, this taxa is not discussed further within this thesis. 1.3 Other reef species Cold-water coral reef communities often consist of representatives from a great range of families and species (figure 2, Roberts et al, 2008). Very few, if any, species are endemic to reef structures. Reefs tend to be high density foci of species occurring under comparable oceanographic conditions in the general region. This localisation of so many species into a comparatively small area is the cause of the regional high biodiversity reported from reef sites by alpha- and beta- diversity investigations (Henry and Roberts, 2007). Fish densities are often observed to be higher in the vicinity of reef structures than on adjacent areas of the seabed (Costello et al, 2005). 1.4 Reef morphologies Underlying substrate and seabed relief are predominant factors determining reef morphology at many locations. Following considerable periods of reef growth, development can overwrite the initial reef morphology as successive generations of polyps generate increasing volumes of calcium carbonate skeletal structure. Sediment baffling within this dead material can lead to large mound development (Dorschel et al, 2005). Oceanic flow conditions as well as depositional rates can also determine overall reef morphology, as can nutrient supply (Fosså et al, 2005). 14
Scale x 0.5 A. Purser 09 Figure 2. Typically species rich section of structural cold-water coral substrate on the border of the coral rubble region. In the illustration some clumps of living Lophelia pertusa overgrow an area of eroded dead coral substrate. A number of sessile species (several sponges, two ascidians, anemones, damaged antipatharian coral colonies) also utilise the hard substrate. Mobile ophiuroids and Pandalus sp. also utilise habitat niches. 15
Page 1: Cold-Water Corals. Distribution of
Page 4 and 5: Frontispiece: Brisingid sea stars (
Page 6 and 7: List of publications Papers present
Page 8 and 9: 3. "The CORAMM (Coral Risk Assessme
Page 10 and 11: Chapter 3 - Paper 2 37 "Local and r
Page 12 and 13: Chapter 1 - Introduction Figures Fi
Page 14 and 15: Chapter 2 - Paper 1 Tables "Use of
Page 16 and 17: 1.0 Introduction Cold-Water Coral (
Page 18 and 19: Workpackage 1 This workpackage conc
Page 20 and 21: Analysis showed that between 25 and
Page 22 and 23: commonly observed slower growth rat
Page 24 and 25: The majority of the living biomass
Page 26 and 27: individual polyps gathered together
Page 30 and 31: 1.5 Cold-Water Coral reefs on the N
Page 32 and 33: Direct physical disturbance Coral r
Page 34 and 35: material returned to the drill rig
Page 36 and 37: Buhl-Mortensen L, Mortensen PB (200
Page 38 and 39: Roberts J, Henry LA, Long D, Hartle
Page 51 and 52: Chapter 3 "Local and regional distr
Page 53 and 54: calcium carbonate skeletons with gr
Page 55: 2005), although in Norwegian waters
Page 58 and 59: categories of substrate were used:-
Page 60 and 61: and Mortensen, 2004) and habitats f
Page 62 and 63: individuals were not logged, (rathe
Page 64 and 65: Table 2. Species densities observed
Page 66 and 67: Figure 5. Species density plot prod
Page 68 and 69: Figure 7. Average density of each s
Page 70 and 71: 100 75 50 25 0 Rost Traena Sotbakke
Page 73 and 74: 100 75 50 25 0 Rost Sotbakken Traen
Page 75 and 76: Geodia baretti Overall most abundan
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some morphological or flow regime f
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De Mol B, Van Rensbergen P, Pillen
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Rogers AD (1999) The biology of Lop
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ABSTRACT Lophelia pertusa is the mo
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column, as is observed in other scl
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delivered to each aquarium. The Sve
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Following the acclimatisation perio
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3.2 Maximum capture rate Net maximu
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Fig. 2. Artemia salina concentratio
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Fig. 4. Artemia salina concentratio
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densities net uptake is reduced by
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Costello, M., McCrea, M., Freiwald,
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Lepland, A., Mortensen, P., 2008. B
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Wisshak, M., Freiwald, A., Lundälv
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Abstract The Cold-Water Coral (CWC)
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structures has led to widespread de
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temperature controlled laboratory (
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Two experimental runs were carried
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epeated measures designs. All analy
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103
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Figure 3. Percentages of polyp acti
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was similar to that observed in the
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Acknowledgements This work was fund
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Fosså JH, Lindberg B, Christensen
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113
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Summary Within this thesis we prese
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Future plans Although the CORAMM pr
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Appendix 1 Appendix Small scale flo
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Appendix 2 Size variation within th
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% Total 15.0 10.0 5.0 0.0 Particle
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% Total 15.0 10.0 5.0 0.0 Particle
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