LiveLihoods strategies and househoLd resiLience to Food insecurity ...

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LIVELIHOODS STRATEGIES AND HOUSEHOLD RESILIENCE TO FOOD INSECURITY: AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS TO KENYA Figure 6: Resilience by Provinces in Kenya Figure 7: Resilience by Provinces and Livelihood Components in Kenya 26
LIVELIHOODS STRATEGIES AND HOUSEHOLD RESILIENCE TO FOOD INSECURITY: AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS TO KENYA All results and comments presented up to now have referred to the average levels of resilience. This may lead to misleading conclusions if we do not consider the fact that, even within the most resilient livelihood groups, there are households with low levels of resilience. Moreover, from the social policy point of view, it is worth looking at inequality among the different groups. Figure 8 shows the distribution of resilience for each livelihood strategy group. The graph shows that wage employees are the livelihood strategy group with the most inequality, while pastoralists and small-holders are the groups which show a more equally-distributed resilience, though on average low level of resilience. The main implication from these results is that specific attention should be given to pastoralists and small-holder framers as a whole as well as to the lowest quintile of wage employees, which generally refers to the urban poor. Figure 8: Distribution of Resilience for Each Livelihood Strategy Group Density 0 .2 .4 .6 .8 1 What about gender issues? Resilience in Kenyan Livelihoods -2 0 2 4 6 Resilience Index kernel = epanechnikov, bandwidth = 0.1187 Resilience Agro-Pastoralist Resilience Small-Holder Farmers Resilience Large-Holder Farmers Resilience Entrepreneurs Resilience Wage Employees Resilience Pastoralist Gender disparities are an important issue in Africa and are generally driven by the different access that men and women have to economic opportunities, assets, education, decision-making process and social protection schemes. The resilience approach presented in this paper can also shed some light on the determinants of gender disparity in Kenya. An accurate gender analysis would require individual data on socio-economic indicators while most of the indicators used in the resilience analysis are at household- 27
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LiveLihoods strategies and househoLd resiLience to Food insecurity ...

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