Parents and infants: determinants of attachment in a ... - Generation R

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Introduction The Generation R study was designed to identify determinants of growth, development and health from fetal life onwards (Jaddoe, Van Duijn, Van der Heijden, Mackenbach, Moll, Steegers, et al., 2010). Detailed measurements of physical and psychological child development were obtained in a subgroup that included only children of Dutch national origin, meaning that the children, their parents and their grandparents were all born in the Netherlands. The participating children were born between February 2003 and August 2005. This study-population is the largest to date with data on attachment, observed parenting and biological markers. Due to the eligibility criteria, this is a rather homogeneous subgroup of participants, with a majority of two-parent families from the middleclass with a rather high education. This study-population reflecting low risk families with the same ethnic background from the general population is especially suited to study non-clinical and biological determinants of infant attachment quality. Figure 1. Measurements in the Generation R study used in the current thesis 17
Chapter 1 Aim of this thesis The general aim of this thesis is to provide more insight in the role of environmental and biological factors in the development of the infant attachment relationship in the general population. In Chapter 2 the question is addressed whether maternal lifetime history of depression and peri- and postnatal maternal depressive symptoms are related to infant-mother attachment insecurity and disorganization. Chapter 3 extends this question to infant-father dyads. Here we address the role of paternal psychopathology and sensitive responsiveness for infant-father attachment in an empirical study and in a meta-analysis. In Chapter 4, we take underlying physiological systems into account. Here we study the association between maternal depression, infant-mother attachment quality and child autonomic functioning, reflecting the functioning of the child’s stress regulation system. Chapter 5 examines the same association using cortisol as a biological marker of stress-regulation capabilities. Chapter 6 addresses the question whether early structural neurobiological differences may predict attachment disorganization. In Chapter 7, we report findings concerning the role of breastfeeding for maternal sensitive responsiveness and infant-mother attachment quality. Finally, we conducted a first study examining the consequences of infant attachment quality and parenting stress for emotional and behavioral problems at 3 years of age. The findings are described in Chapter 8. Against the background of our results, the determinants of infant attachment quality in the general population will be discussed (Chapter 9). 18
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Page 18 and 19: Chapter 5 ABSTRACT Both attachment
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Page 26 and 27: Chapter 5 Psychology, Professor Dr.
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Discussion less serious ones, may h
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Limitations Discussion The studies
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Discussion involving active interac
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Discussion might still affect child
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Appendices References 183
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tivity and attachment interventions
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Byles, J., Byrne, C., Boyle, M.H. &
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DeKlyen, M., & Greenberg, M.T. (200
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analysis and dynamic modeling of de
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Hazen, N.L., McFarland, L., Jacobvi
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dian cortisol activity, and behavio
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unipolar mood disorders. Annual Rev
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Pruessner, J.C., Kirschbaum, C., Me
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T Tabachnik, B.G., & Fidell, L.S. (
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Weinfield, N.S., Sroufe, L.A., Egel
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Summary Summary The formation of an
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Summary index of the basic function
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Summary These findings apply simila
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Samenvatting Nederlandse samenvatti
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Nederlandse samenvatting spiegel bl
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Nederlandse samenvatting reacties t
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Conclusie Nederlandse samenvatting
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About the author About the author A
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2. Teaching activities year Practic
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Luijk, P.C.M., Saridjan, N., Tharne
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