Sponges of the New Caledonian lagoon - IRD

More documents

Recommendations

Info

198 Sponges of the New Coledonion Logoon xcurrent canals (most Demospongiae, some calcarea), (cL asconoid, syconoid). Lobatellobose Having lobes, rounded projections. Mamillate Nipple-shaped. Massive Term used in describing sponges which grow from a spreading base to achieve some thickness, usually in xcess of 5 cm, but which can be quite irregular in overall form. Megasclere A structural spicule class; larger size of spicules forming the sponge skeleton; also known as structural spicules (cf. microscleres). Meniscoid Surface; concave depression; term usually applied to microscleres including sigmas, isochelae. Mesohyl The region of the sponge enclosed between the pinacoderm and the hoanosome; intercellular compartment in sponges, equivalent to the mesenchyme of other metazoans. Microcionid Condition of skeletal architecture usually found in encrusting sponges, in which non-anastomosing (plumose) spongin fibre nodes arise from a basal layer of spongin lying on the substrate, and these are echinated by (usually perpendicular) plumose tracts of spicules; Widely recognised as the subsequent stage of development from a hymedesmoid skeleton. Micorhabd A collective term for monactinal microscleres. Microsclere A packing or reinforcing spicule usually of small size frequently of ornate shape; smaller category of spicules forming the sponge skeleton; also known as flesh spicules (cL megascleres). Microsymbiont Prokariotic or rarely eukariotic microorganisms living inside sponges; maybe unicellular or multicellular; occur inside sponge cells and outside. Microvilli Extensions of the choanocyte cell which form an upright tube or collar surrounding the central flagellum, and used as in food entrapment and water flow. Microxea A microsclere in the shape of an oxea; common in Astrophorida. Monactinal A spicule with one ray, grOWing from one end only, usually asymmetrical in
geometry; monacts include monaxonic spicules (e.g. styles in demosponges), derivatives of tetraxonic spicules (e.g. "needle-eye" microxea in Calcarea) a-nd hexactinal spicules (e.g. basal bidentates); (cr. diactinal). Monactine Spicule with a single ray or axis, thus the two ends are dissimilar. Monaxonic Linear spicule with no more than two rays along one axis, including both monactinal and diactinal spicules; also known as monaxonid (cr. triaxonid, tetraxonid). Mucronate Sharply pointed. Multispicular More than one row of spicules in a fibre, tract or reticulation; also known as polyspicular (cr. unispicular) Myocyte Mobile mesohyl cells which dictate contractions of oscules and pores Orthotriaenes Triaenes with projections in a plane at right angles to the rhabd. Oscula Exhalant pores, through which water leaves the sponge; usually represented as the larger pores (cr. ostia). Oscule(um) Exhalant opening of a sponge. Ostia Inhalant openings of a sponge (cL oscula). Ovipary Method of sexual reproduction in which eggs develop within the female sponge, are broadcast into the water, often becoming attached to a mucous layer on the external surface, they are fertilized externally, larvae are subsequently released and are free for varying periods to eventually settle on the substrate (cr. vivipary). Oviviparous Produces eggs. Ovocytes Female reproductive unicell before fertilisation. Oxea A symmetrical diactinal megasclere in which both ends taper to points; may be curved; asymmetrical forms are called 'anisoxeas'. Oxyaster An aster in which all the rays are pointed; the centrum may be small or absent. Oxyspheraster A spheraster with pointed rays; an oxyaster with a thick centrum. 199 Glossary
Page 5 and 6:
Claude Levi Ed itor Pierre Laboute,
Page 8 and 9:
8 Cel ouurage est le resu/lat d'une
Page 11:
This work is the result of a long s
Page 15 and 16:
Author profiles Chris Battershill i
Page 17:
Clive WiIkinson is Principal Resear
Page 20 and 21:
18 Sponges of the New Caledonian La
Page 22:
Page 25 and 26:
Sponges are fascinating. Each spong
Page 29 and 30:
a What IS sponge .- Cll0anocytes in
Page 31 and 32:
Sponge structure s ponge adults are
Page 33 and 34:
., Matrix cyanobacleria (photo J. V
Page 35 and 36:
whiCh are always present irrespecti
Page 37 and 38:
How con you s identi fy sponge? o p
Page 39 and 40:
Soft parts of the sponge (photo J.
Page 42:
40 Sponges of the New Coledonian La
Page 45 and 46:
Page 48:
Page 51 and 52:
Anchorate isochela (pl,oto P.R. Ber
Page 54 and 55:
Page 57 and 58:
The role of sponges In carol reefs
Page 59 and 60:
the production of much coral rubble
Page 61 and 62:
food material of plant and animal o
Page 63 and 64:
The fascinating world of sponge che
Page 65 and 66:
It was originally assumed that spec
Page 67 and 68:
Sponge diversity, distribution and
Page 69 and 70:
predators. Nor do many have adequat
Page 71 and 72:
where its life forms were capable o
Page 73:
Actual proportions of endemic speci
Page 86:
Order Astrophorida 84 I SteJlerro (
Page 106:
104 Sponges of the New Caledonian L
Page 116:
114 Sponges of the New Caledonian L
Page 185: Further reading Brien (P.), Levi (C
Page 188 and 189: 186 Sponges of the New Caledonian L
Page 191 and 192: Glossary Acantho- Addition of spine
Page 193 and 194: incorrectly interchanged with the t
Page 195 and 196: Clathrate Interwoven tubular constr
Page 197: Ectosome Peripheral region of the s
Page 202 and 203: 202 Sponges of the New Caledonian l
Page 207 and 208: List of general illustrations provi
Page 209 and 210: 115 Mycale (Zygomycale) parishi (BO
Page 212 and 213: 212 Sponges of the New Caledonion L
show all

Sponges of the New Caledonian lagoon - IRD

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?