Final Evaluation of the - UNEP

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Comments on IVP outcomes across three countries The ToR for the FE asked the following questions to which a summary of answers is provided: 1. Has the project established appropriate indigenous management systems? Where? Over what land area? 118. The project has tried to promote and/ or to reintroduce appropriate indigenous management systems in Kenya (EMCs in Turkana and Marsabit). This covers the deferred grazing systems and the riverine or range tree protection but the area is modest. The protection of certain areas (such as upper Turkwel Village Biodiversity Conservation Area) is a new idea that may work given time. In Botswana and Mali IVP did not achieve this establishment as communities were not ready. 2. Has the project provided regional and national data on indigenous production and management systems been significantly enhanced over their pre-project levels? 119. To a certain extent but much more could have been done on vegetation and land degradation status with satellite data. 3. Has the project rehabilitated indigenous vegetation in degraded rangelands, through reducing pressure on the vegetation resources? If so, where and over what land area? 120. In deferred grazing areas, vegetation has come back in Kenya but with no baseline and no quantitative biomass data it is difficult to answer with data. 4. Has the project assisted in the provision of alternative livelihoods, improved livestock markets and feed resources in other arid areas? 121. Alternative livelihoods have been promoted in all three countries but often unrelated to IV. It was difficult to draw the line between relevant and irrelevant alternative livelihoods. Little has been done on improved livestock markets. Feed resources have been increased a few selected areas of Kenya where grazing had been deferred and also in Mali where access to more feed will be helped by water provision but this may well have negative long term effects on feed resources. 5. Has the project Transferred technology and information to the primary target audiences? 43
122. To an extent yes, but it is difficult to see the outcomes of training except in a few key areas (hides and skins, gum Arabic, solar stoves). Commercial exploitation of marula, Hoodia and Aloe turkanensis etc will take years to show a profit and will depend on good marketing. The terminal report of the regional unit summarized the progress of each component as follows: Component 1: Establishment of appropriate indigenous management systems 123. Guided by the recommendations of the project’s MTE in 2005, all three projects have concentrated their activities in the final two years on the development of management plans for sites. As all projects had disregarded to some extent the need for or had underestimated the task of consolidating ecological, socio-economic and cultural information pertaining to these sites, the assistance of consultants to assist them in developing these management plans became necessary in varying degrees. All three countries have reported that management plans have been developed (1 in Mali, 4 in Botswana, 2 in Kenya). In Botswana two of these plans have been endorsed by the relevant authorities without being explicit, though, to what extent management authority has been transferred to the communities and their respective management committees, which the project have set up. A matter of concern remains the capacity of the various communal institutions to implement these management plans. While Marsabit and Mali are of the opinion that these institutions are up to this task, it is generally acknowledged by all partners that local capacities to plan and initiate concrete activities are still limited. It is unfortunate that the projects have failed to recognize the necessity of sufficiently enhancing these capacities until very late in the project cycle. It would therefore be too optimistic to claim that these committees have been empowered (although much p rogress has been made in this respect) and that they are fully operational. 124. The establishment of a proper ecological baseline (biodiversity inventories) was held back by the long delays experienced in the contracting by UNOPS of the UoO, the disappointing level of commitment demonstrated by UoO in the execution of its contractual obligations, one of which was the development of a rangeland monitoring system, and the generally low priority given to this essential activity by the various projects until the UoO had submitted its proposal for rangeland monitoring in April 2005, nearly three years after the start of the project. Similarly disappointing was the fact that the national projects expended little effort on systematically collecting local or indigenous knowledge (IK) as it relates to plant and animal species and their use to natural resource conservation practices. Those who designed the project assumed that this IK would become a major constituent of the management systems that the project was to develop. Only the Turkana site in Kenya produced a report that catalogued this information. In all other cases, the collection of such information was primarily seen as a task for the project’s research component. Mali, however, commissioned a number of studies to describe IK in the Nara project region, though fairly late in the project cycle. A synthesis of the information on IK which the RCU requested was never 44
Page 1 and 2: UNITED NATIONS ENVIRONMENT PROGRAMM
Page 3 and 4: Involvement of rural populations in
Page 5 and 6: MADEMA: Marsabit District Environme
Page 7 and 8: Only two years separated the MTE fr
Page 9 and 10: systems operated by indigenous peop
Page 11 and 12: 13. The FE considered that the init
Page 13 and 14: Community-based projects 22. IVP wa
Page 15 and 16: and the RCU, the FE was organized e
Page 17 and 18: 34. The key objective should have b
Page 19 and 20: not been The specificity of the dat
Page 21 and 22: importantly, livestock production i
Page 23 and 24: egarding the constraints to achievi
Page 25 and 26: provided the distance to other wate
Page 27 and 28: communities. IVP Botswana views the
Page 29 and 30: the existence of management plans,
Page 31 and 32: Micro-projects and IGAs. 83. Micro-
Page 33 and 34: Kenya Arid Lands Research Station (
Page 35 and 36: and Egerton University for research
Page 37 and 38: induction training workshop in 2006
Page 39 and 40: for better financial management. Th
Page 41: This should not have been an outcom
Page 45 and 46: define the contents and structure o
Page 47 and 48: in 2004 by the project managers of
Page 49 and 50: leaders to Mali. Apart from the M.S
Page 51 and 52: elevant information on dry land deg
Page 53 and 54: Stakeholder involvement 162. The pr
Page 55 and 56: 173. The project has applied approp
Page 57 and 58: communities for CBRM development. I
Page 59 and 60: Botswana. Kenya has since been done
Page 61 and 62: challenge in all countries. It pres
Page 63 and 64: 199. Successful CBNRM requires effe
Page 65 and 66: 206. UNEP-GEF projects are often re
Page 67 and 68: Annex I: National consultant report
Page 69 and 70: Sigles et Abréviations AG Assembl
Page 71 and 72: Sommaire Introduction …………
Page 73 and 74: En second lieu : les perspectives e
Page 75 and 76: 3.1.1 La pertinence des objectifs 3
Page 77 and 78: • La conception d'actions identif
Page 79 and 80: projet, de l’élaboration des bud
Page 81 and 82: 3.2.1.4 Mais des réalisations impo
Page 83 and 84: Encadré 7 : Point de vue d’un no
Page 85 and 86: été entravée par la pénurie de
Page 87 and 88: malgré la déception que l’on pe
Page 89 and 90: • Réalisation de nombreuses étu
Page 91 and 92: d'accompagnement, de suivi, de cons
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5.4 Les pistes de financement Il s
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Annexes A1 : TdR de l’évaluation
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• Décrire et évaluer les effort
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Annexe 2 : CALENDRIER DE L’EVALUA
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• Une réunion d’échanges et d
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Annexe 5 : INSTANCES DU PVA : missi
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106
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ACTIVITÉS PRÉVUES ET PLANIFIÉES
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110
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2006 Identification des villages te
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Annexe 9 : LISTE DES DOCUMENTS REAL
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5 Alima SIBY Ménager 6 Ziriki DIKO
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12 Guegue NAMA Ménager 13 Masoude
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21 Handoul Moctar COULIBALY Cultiva
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38 Fatma Kaoufa COULIBALY Ménagèr
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17 Assa SILLA Ménagère 18 Kadeye
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7 Abou BERTHE IER Sotuba 8 Mahamane
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List of Acronyms ALRMP: Arid Lands
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Executive Summary The objective of
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1.0 Introduction 1.1 Background The
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• Key stakeholders have knowledge
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Lokichar and Juluk. Appendix 2 give
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contribution in the initiation of t
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egeneration especially of Acacia se
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after the project mid-term review a
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Timeliness and effectiveness of sup
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Effectiveness of regional mechanism
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Turkana Project Site were housed by
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Budgeting for the project was withi
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However, given that NEMA did not se
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• Identify lessons learned in ter
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38 Lorugum Elders and Environmental
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Annex III: Terms of Reference for L
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Objective and Scope of the FE The o
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Sometimes, adequate information on
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likelihood that any required financ
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throughout the project implementati
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• Assess the mechanisms put in pl
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iv) Project Design, Performance and
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Executing Agency and Technical Staf
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which local communities actively pa
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For the development of viable commu
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symbolized by opportunistic decisio
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management is concerned, most polic
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the two in which their strengths in
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Incentives can also take the form o
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Annex V: Non-IVP persons & groups m
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Kaburu, H.K., Ekiru, B., Situma, C.
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Final Evaluation of the - UNEP

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