The Evans Equations of Unified Field Theory - Alpha Institute for ...

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Do keep in mind Einstein’s statement that genius is 99% hard work. The more you put into this subject, the more you get out. General Relativity and Quantum Theory It is well recognized in physics that the two basic physics theories, general relativity and quantum theory, are each lacking in complete descriptions of reality. Each is correct and makes precise predictions when restricted to its own realm. Neither explains interactions between gravitation and electromagnetism (radiated fields) nor the complete inner construction of particles (matter fields). We could say that general relativity and quantum theory do not commute. General relativity has shown that gravitation is curved spacetime and has shown that large collections of particles can become black holes – masses so large that spacetime curves within itself and nothing can leave the region. Electric charge and magnetic fields were unified into electromagnetism in the 19 th century.. Quantum theory has correctly explained or predicted many features of particle interactions. The standard model of the forces in physics is primarily quantum theory and indicates that electromagnetism and radioactivity can be combined into a single electroweak theory and are the same thing at high energies. However, gravitation and the strong force are still unconnected in the theory. Quantum theory uses special relativity, which is just an approximation to relativistic effects; it cannot describe nor determine the effects on reactions due to gravitational effects. Quantum mechanics uses discrete energy levels in its formulations. Changes always occur in small jumps and in between there is no existence. It leaves the vague and unproven impression that spacetime itself may be quantized - that the vacuum is composed of little dots of something with nothing in between. Gravitation is not quantized. Einstein’s general relativity is an “analog” theory; it envisions and operates on a spacetime that is divisible down to the 2
point. Since points are zero, they cannot exist and some minimum size should exist. The quantum of energy is not defined within it. Thus, our understanding of our existence is incomplete. We do not know what spacetime is. We do not know the basic composition of particles. We have mysteries still to solve. Back in the 1890’s and again in the 1990’s, some physicists believed that we were on the border of knowing everything in physics. Don’t believe it. Thousands of years from now, we will still be asking new questions and searching for answers. Unified field theory is the combination of general relativity and quantum theory. We hope that it will answer some of the open questions. In addition to open questions, we have a number of erroneous, forced concepts that have crept into physics. Some explanations are wrong due to attempts to explain experimental results without the correct basic understanding. Among these are the Aharonov-Bohm effect (Chapter 13) and maybe the quark description of the particle. We also have entanglement and apparently non-local effects that are not adequately understood. For example, the origin of charge is explained in the standard model by symmetry in Minkowski spacetime. It requires that there is a scalar field with two complex components. These would indicate positive and negative components. However, the existence of the two types of charge, positive and negative, is used to conclude that the scalar field must be complex. This is circular reasoning (and it borders on gobbledygook. We want to explain things and sometimes we force that explanation.) There are four fields in physics – gravitation, electromagnetism, strong (particle), and weak (radioactivity). However only the gravitational field is generally covariant – that is, objectively the same regardless of observer’s coordinate system (reference frame) due to gravitational fields or differing velocity. The other three fields exist inside gravitational fields but neither general relativity nor quantum theory can describe the interactions due to gravitation. The Evans equations show how general relativity and quantum theory, previously separate areas of physics, can both be derived from Einstein’s 3
Page 1 and 2: 1 The Evans Equations of Unified Fi
Page 3 and 4: 3 Torsion .........................
Page 5: 5 Standard Model with Higgs versus
Page 10 and 11: postulate of general relativity. In
Page 12 and 13: thought were incorrect. Einstein wa
Page 14 and 15: 8 Figure I-1 Spacetime Newton’s f
Page 16 and 17: In order to do calculations in the
Page 18 and 19: 12 Figure I-4 The Four Forces Gravi
Page 20 and 21: The Particles There are stable, lon
Page 22 and 23: Chapter 1 Special Relativity 16 The
Page 24 and 25: unnoticeable, for low velocities, b
Page 26 and 27: The nature of spacetime is the caus
Page 28 and 29: Figure 1-3 Graph of Stress Energy i
Page 30 and 31: An example is shown in Figure 1-4.
Page 32 and 33: There are many short form abbreviat
Page 34 and 35: The cross product is not defined In
Page 36 and 37: form. Given that they are discrete
Page 38 and 39: curvature, but does not allow spinn
Page 40 and 41: Chapter 2 General Relativity Introd
Page 42 and 43: However, acceleration and a gravita
Page 44 and 45: Energy density reference frames T =
Page 46 and 47: infinity - at distances where the c
Page 48 and 49: 42 Figure 2-4 Visualizing Curved Sp
Page 50 and 51: Curvature Curvature is central to t
Page 52 and 53: We showed that gravitation is curva
Page 54 and 55: Figure 2-9 Base Manifold with Eucli
Page 56 and 57: In Figure 2-10 at the top is the te
Page 58 and 59:
We put the object in the tangent sp
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The metric tensor is important in g
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Chapter 3 Quantum Theory Quantum Th
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1930’s when it became well establ
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that we have such accuracy as we ha
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spaces. The formulation is beyond t
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frame where measurement is made.) P
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Quantum Numbers The equations below
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Quantum Gravity and other theories
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x time, or momentum x distance, or
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72 E = pc and E = ħ ω and therefo
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When the Planck units are used, it
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76 ms is spin quantum number. It is
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experiments and to describe events.
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are the same space; this is a mathe
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82 If a curve is described by y = a
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Scalar, or Inner Product The dot pr
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Figure 4-5 Cross Product a 86 The v
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product produces surfaces that cut
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4-Vectors and the Scalar Product An
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definite - it is a real distance. I
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Einstein is the tensor defined as G
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With some operations one must add t
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Alternately, a set of basis matrice
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Figure 4-12 100 0 2 1 3 q can repre
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Contravariant and covariant vectors
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The scalars, whether real or imagin
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106 2 _ 1 ∂ 2 c 2 ∂ t 2 can be
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Covariant Exterior Derivative D ∧
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Chapter 5 Well Known Equations Intr
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V = IR. A circuit is a completed ci
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The standard definition of magnetic
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Another way of stating this is that
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Figure 5-4 Ampere's and Faraday’s
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Newton’s law of gravitation 120 A
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Figure 5-6 Fields Poisson’s Equat
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This is a differential operator use
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The Evans equations indicate that R
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Compton and de Broglie wavelengths
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Here ħ = h / 2π = Planck’s cons
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Mathematics and Physics To a certai
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Chapter 6 The Evans Field Equation
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Then the wave equation was develope
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138 q ab µν = q a µq b ν q ab
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From the basic structure of equatio
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142 Rµν - ½ Rgµν = kTµν Eins
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original vector - its orientation i
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The electromagnetic and weak fields
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In more mechanical terms, energy an
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Figure 6-8 Abstract Fiber Bundle an
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The other three fields - electromag
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Figure 6-9 The spin connection and
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Evans Field Equation Extensions R =
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The real physical solutions the wav
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160 Another way to look at the equa
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determined by geometry. This makes
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index, it is generally covariant -
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It is also possible to represent bo
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Electromagnetism 168 The B (3) fiel
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Strong force If tetrad index “a
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neutron into other more stable curv
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explanation for the Aharonov-Bohm a
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ORIGIN Einstein / Hilbert (1915) Ev
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then we found it and used it to des
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Very Strong Equivalence Principle T
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Figure 8-2 Separation of Forces PRI
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Note that physics texts often say t
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criteria for dark matter. We know t
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Figure 8-5 Spinning Spacetime The s
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this gives the influence of gravita
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In all the forms of the tetrad, the
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Spacetime curvature in and around p
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The Evans Wave Equation Figure 8-8
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λ is the wavelength. It can be app
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λde B = ħ / p = ħ / mv (6) where
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where ψ a µ is a tetrad. Therefor
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The components of R = -kT originati
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Relationship between r and λ Profe
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Figure 9-4 Curvature and Wavelength
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One may tentatively assume that the
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The first gives us the Principle of
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Chapter 10 Replacement of the Heise
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p b µ = ћ κ b µ (2) The positio
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The volumes here are derived from V
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The Heisenberg uncertainty principl
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Chapter 11 The Evans B (3) Spin Fie
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where g = e/ћ for one photon; e is
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Figure 11-3 shows the circle turnin
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the curvature very slight at the ea
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The magnetic field components are r
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The B (3) field is the fundamental
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The present standard model uses con
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Using Einstein’s index contracted
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unnecessary and it has been shown t
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Figure 12-4 Momentum Exchange p 3 p
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Figure 12-6 Equations in the Tangen
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were still unknown. However it is o
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Consider an experiment where a beam
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Here κ is wave number, ds is the i
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the Evans unified field theory. Sim
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Figure 13-6 Ordinary Stokes is a ci
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Chapter 14 Geometric Concepts Intro
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where φ is the gravitational poten
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Just what equation will be found to
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where e is the charge of the electr
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have quantization of general relati
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The scalar curvature, R, is defined
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Chapter 15 A Unified Viewpoint Intr
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Asymmetry is a combination of symme
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We know energy density increase is
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G q a µ = kT q a µ. Is one formul
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unknowable measurements. ħ is the
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and their respective ratios was,
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It seems inevitable that we will fi
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Quantum mechanics presented us with
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Evans’ equations the electromagne
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A naïve description would be that
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Note that we are still missing some
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Oscillatory Universe The equation m
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We do not have a definite mechanica
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Glossary There are some terms here
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AIAS Alpha Institute for Advanced S
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The B (3) field and O(3) electrodyn
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The calculations to get coordinates
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Connections Circular Basis The equa
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Elie Cartan worked out an approach
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A covariant component is a physical
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Covariant derivative operator (∇
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Curvature at a given point P has a
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Dimension While mathematically well
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Einstein Field Equation The equatio
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Euclidean spacetime Flat geometric
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Fields explain “action at a dista
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Fundamental Particle A particle wit
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Geometric units Conversion of mass
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describes electrodynamics. It is no
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Index Typically Greek letters are u
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Isomorphism A 1:1 correspondence. J
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Local A very small region of spacet
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Another use is with the Dirac and o
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We want a real number to define the
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Time invariance (or symmetry under
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Dual vectors = one forms = covector
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Meson - Any of a family of subatomi
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The Evans phase law is: This is app
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Quantum gravity Quantum gravity is
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Riemann tensor Riemann calculates t
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Schrodinger's Equation ∇ 2 Ψn =
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The spin connection may be best des
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α angular acceleration; fine struc
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Rotation and reflection of a triang
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Next is O(3) electrodynamics which
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Rank is indicated by the number of
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A spin structure is locally a tetra
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q a µ can be defined in terms of a
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The torsion of a curve is a measure
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our real four dimensional spacetime
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Wave or Quantum Mechanics Study of
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