helminth ichthyo-parasitic fauna of a south african sub-tropical lake ...

More documents

Recommendations

Info

In this study the parasites were retrieved from the gills of Labeo cylindricus and this is the first geographical record for South Africa. The shapes and dimensions of the copulatory organ and opisthohaptoral features (figure 3B.12; table 3B.8) are comparable to the type specimens. The parasite is further characterized by a non- sclerotized vagina. The hooklets pairs1-2 is longer than pairs 3-7. This species was found to co-occur with Dactylogyrus brevicirrus and Dogielius dublicornis on the gills of L. cylindricus. 3.9 Dactylogyrus spinicirrus (Paperna & Thurston, 1968) Figure 3B.13 Dactylogyrus spinicirrus (Paperna & Thurston, 1968) - Haptor and reproductive organs a. anchor b. main bar c. marginal hook d. copulatory organ e. vagina f. fine bar a d f 20 µm 90 b e c
This parasite was described from Barbus altianalis in Kenya. The other records of this species are those of Paperna (1973) from B. nyanzae and B. somerini in Uganda and Mashego (1983) from Labeobarbus marequensis in South Africa. In this study the parasites were retrieved from the gills of Labeobarbus marequensis. The shapes and dimensions of the copulatory organ and opisthohaptoral features (figure 3B.13; table 3B.9) are comparable to those in previous studies, but the anchors are shorter in the present study. The parasite is further characterized by two bars and the hooklets are very long, but of different lengths to one another. Table 3B.9 Measurements (in µm) of Dactylogyrus spinicirrus D. spinicirrus Paperna & Thurston 1968 91 Mashego1982 Host Barbus altianalis Labeobarbus marequensis Present Labeobarbus marequensis Location gills gills gills No. of specimens 2 3 10 Body length width Anchors/hamulus length inner root outer root shaft tip Large bar Small bar Marginal hooklets (different lengths) Copulatory organ cirrus axis accessory piece Vagina 400 - 450 - 70 - 80 16 - 18 5 - 8 - - 31 - 35 25 - 28 30 - 40 - - - 338 - 669 44 - 75 63 - 76 20 - 25 8 - 9 46 - 53 14 - 14 26 - 28 25 - 28 31 - 46 26 - 37 16 - 29 - 400 - 670 60 - 70 48 - 57 20 - 25 6 - 10 32 - 36 13 - 14 26 - 30 22 - 29 28 - 43 32 - 40 28 - 35 22 - 25
Page 1 and 2:
HELMINTH ICHTHYO-PARASITIC FAUNA OF
Page 3 and 4:
DECLARATION I declare that the thes
Page 5 and 6:
DEDICATION In Loving Memory of my l
Page 7 and 8:
Gryporhynchidae. The nematodes disc
Page 9 and 10:
CHAPTER 3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS 2
Page 11 and 12:
1 Genus Procamallanus Baylis, 1923
Page 13 and 14:
Figure 3D.3 Ligula intestinalis Goe
Page 15 and 16:
LIST OF TABLES CHAPTER 2 MATERIALS
Page 17 and 18:
Research boat in Lake Tzaneen xiv
Page 19 and 20:
1.1 HELMINTHOLOGY OF AFRICAN FRESHW
Page 21 and 22:
1.2 HELMINTHOLOGY OF SOUTH AFRICAN
Page 23 and 24:
(organ) record. The study also pave
Page 25 and 26:
CONTENTS HEADING PAGE 2.1 STUDY ARE
Page 27 and 28:
Figure 2.2 A map of Lake Tzaneen sh
Page 29 and 30:
Features of the lake The features o
Page 31 and 32:
More than 90% of the minimum and ma
Page 33 and 34:
Order : Siluriformes Suborder : Sil
Page 35 and 36:
Schilbe intermedius Ruppell, 1832 C
Page 37 and 38:
Labeo molybdinus Du Plessis, 1963 L
Page 39 and 40:
Tilapia rendalli (Boulenger, 1896)
Page 41 and 42:
Killing of hosts At the field labor
Page 43 and 44:
Storage of parasites The parasites
Page 45 and 46:
Taking water quality readings 27
Page 47 and 48:
Examining hosts for parasites in th
Page 49 and 50:
3A.1 INTRODUCTION There are many ca
Page 51 and 52:
Digenea Glossidium pedatum C. garie
Page 54:
The 12 species present do not inclu
Page 58 and 59: 6 Barbus unitaeniatus Gunther, 1866
Page 61 and 62: 12 Chetia flaviventris Trewavas, 19
Page 65 and 66: 3A.3 DISCUSSION The aquatic environ
Page 67 and 68: In parasites with indirect life cyc
Page 69 and 70: Mashego (1977) (n=337) recorded the
Page 71 and 72: Many African studies (Mbahinzireki
Page 73 and 74: will be a decrease in the number of
Page 75 and 76: Gills habour monogeneans 57
Page 77 and 78: 7 Genus Cichlidogyrus Paperna, 1960
Page 79 and 80: placing some of the dactylogyroids
Page 81 and 82: 3B.3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 1 Genus
Page 83 and 84: Table 3B.1 Measurements (in µm) of
Page 85 and 86: lazera with two from Clarias gariep
Page 87 and 88: 2.2 Macrogyrodactylus karibae (Doue
Page 89 and 90: Gyrodactylus rysavyi haptor - a. an
Page 91 and 92: (new sp.). The scheme below (figure
Page 97 and 98: DESCRIPTION (measurements in µm) B
Page 99 and 100: 3.4 Dactylogyrus sp. 2 (new species
Page 101 and 102: 3.5 Dactylogyrus sp.3 (new species)
Page 103 and 104: Figure 3B.10 Dactylogyrus sp. 4 - H
Page 107: Table 3B.8 Measurements (in µm) of
Page 112 and 113: from Dactylogyrus sp. 1 from Dactyl
Page 114 and 115: c c b a b a haptor copulatory organ
Page 116 and 117: haptor a copulatory organ Dactylogy
Page 118 and 119: 4 Genus Dogielius Bychowsky, 1936 A
Page 120 and 121: 4.2 Dogielius sp. There were only t
Page 122 and 123: Figure 3B.17 Schilbetrema quadricor
Page 124 and 125: 6 Genus Quadriacanthus Paperna, 196
Page 126 and 127: Table 3B.14 Measurements (in µm) o
Page 130 and 131: a haptor copulatory organ Quadriaca
Page 132 and 133: 7 Genus Cichlidogyrus Paperna, 1960
Page 134 and 135: 7.1 Cichlidogyrus dossoui Douëllou
Page 136 and 137: The accessory piece is massive, S-s
Page 140 and 141: Cichlidogyrus philander is a relati
Page 142 and 143: The species occasionally occurred o
Page 144 and 145: Figure 3B.25 Cichlidogyrus sclerosu
Page 146 and 147: 7.6 Cichlidogyrus tilapiae Paperna,
Page 148 and 149: In this investigation the species w
Page 150 and 151: Cichlidogyrus halli Cichlidogyrus t
Page 152 and 153: e a b haptor c d copulatory organ C
Page 154 and 155: 8 Genus Scutogyrus Pariselle & Euze
Page 158 and 159:
Figure 3B.29 Actinocleidus fusiform
Page 160 and 161:
10 Genus Haplocleidus Mueller, 1937
Page 162 and 163:
Table 3B.25 Measurements (in µm) o
Page 164 and 165:
Figure 3B.31 Acolpenteron ureteroec
Page 166 and 167:
haptor copulatory organ Actinocleid
Page 168 and 169:
The taxonomical account of individu
Page 170 and 171:
CONTENTS HEADING PAGE 3C.1 INTRODUC
Page 172 and 173:
Differential diagnosis is difficult
Page 174 and 175:
mouth cerebral ganglion cirrus metr
Page 176 and 177:
Fischthal (1973) redescribed this p
Page 178 and 179:
a. mouth b. pharynx c. seminal vesi
Page 180 and 181:
2 Genus Diplostomum van Nordmann, 1
Page 182 and 183:
mouth pharynx intestinal caecum for
Page 184 and 185:
(1982) and were thus compared (tabl
Page 186 and 187:
a. oral sucker b. pseudosucker c. v
Page 188 and 189:
a. contracted b. elongated Plate 24
Page 190 and 191:
The life cycle of Clinostomum requi
Page 192 and 193:
uterus membranous capsule canal col
Page 194 and 195:
mouth recurrent canal 500 µm colle
Page 196 and 197:
d c a. mouth b. ventral sucker c. u
Page 198 and 199:
3C.4 GENERAL DISCUSSION There have
Page 200 and 201:
Armed with hooks or Armed with eggs
Page 202 and 203:
3D.1 INTRODUCTION Cestoda are flatw
Page 204 and 205:
1.1 Proteocephalus glanduligerus (J
Page 206 and 207:
a b c a. scolex b. glandular organ
Page 208 and 209:
In South Africa this species was fo
Page 210 and 211:
a c e g a. scolex b. hooks c. bothr
Page 212 and 213:
In this study the plerocercoids wer
Page 214 and 215:
a. anterior end with scolex b. midd
Page 216 and 217:
cyst wall b hooks embryo Figure 3D.
Page 218 and 219:
Table 3D.1 Measurements (in μm) of
Page 220 and 221:
The encysted metacestode (figure 3D
Page 222 and 223:
CONTENTS HEADING PAGE 3E.1 INTRODUC
Page 224 and 225:
of Clarias gariepinus and Paracamal
Page 226 and 227:
A B uterus with eggs and larvae ute
Page 228 and 229:
Baylis (1923) gave the species diag
Page 230 and 231:
cuticular ribs buccal capsule muscu
Page 232 and 233:
A 200 µm Figure 3E.3 Contracaecum
Page 234 and 235:
to match a larva to an adult. In ca
Page 236 and 237:
anterior end posterior end larvae i
Page 238 and 239:
Contests for a home in the intestin
Page 240 and 241:
3F.1 INTRODUCTION The Acanthocephal
Page 242 and 243:
1.1 Acanthogyrus (Acanthosentis) ti
Page 244 and 245:
c male male anterior b a male middl
Page 246 and 247:
Sunrise or Sunset? Life goes on for
Page 248 and 249:
4.1 FISH PARASITOLOGY GLOBALLY The
Page 250 and 251:
Paperna, 1960) were also later iden
Page 252 and 253:
monogeneans and one cestode are spe
Page 254 and 255:
4.5 MAJOR CHALLENGES AND RECOMMENDA
Page 256 and 257:
4.7 CONCLUSION It is believed that
Page 258 and 259:
ADEROUNMU, E.A. & ADENIYI, F. 1972.
Page 260 and 261:
AYANDA, O.I. 2009b. Comparison of p
Page 262 and 263:
BAYLIS, H.A. 1948. A new acanthocep
Page 264 and 265:
BOOMKER, J. 1982. Parasites of Sout
Page 266 and 267:
BRITZ, J., VAN AS, J.G. & SAAYMAN,
Page 268 and 269:
DOSSOU, C. & BIRGI, E. 1984. Monog
Page 270 and 271:
EL-NAGGAR, M.M. & SERAG, H.M. 1987.
Page 272 and 273:
GROBBELAAR, A., VAN AS, L.L. & BUTL
Page 274 and 275:
HOBERG, P.E., JONES, A. & BRAY, R.A
Page 276 and 277:
JONES, A. 1980. Proteocephalus pent
Page 278 and 279:
KHALIL, L.F. 1971a. Check List of t
Page 280 and 281:
LOMBARD, G.L. 1960. A preliminary s
Page 282 and 283:
MARCOGLIESE, D.J. 2002. Food webs a
Page 284 and 285:
MBAHINZIREKI, G.B. 1980. Observatio
Page 286 and 287:
MUELLER, J.F. 1934. Parasites of On
Page 288 and 289:
ONIYE, S.J., ADEBOTE, D.A. & AYANDA
Page 290 and 291:
PARISELLE, A. & EUZET, L. 1995b. Sc
Page 292 and 293:
PRICE, C.E. & PIKE, T. 1969. The mo
Page 294 and 295:
ROHDE, K., HAYWARD, C. & HEAP, M. 1
Page 296 and 297:
SPROSTON, N.G. 1946. A synopsis of
Page 298 and 299:
VAN AS, J.G., SCHOONBEE, H.J. & BRA
Page 300:
Addendum 1a Measurements (in µm) o
Page 303 and 304:
Addendum 2b Dactylogyrus sp. 2 (thi
Page 305 and 306:
Page 307 and 308:
Page 309 and 310:
Addendum 6 Monogenea of the genus D
Page 311 and 312:
Addendum 8 Monogenea of the genus D
show all

helminth ichthyo-parasitic fauna of a south african sub-tropical lake ...

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?