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CHAPTER 3 EXPERIMENTAL SOLAR RADIATION DATA AND 3.1. Experimental Data STATISTICAL METHODS The experimental set-up is located at the Mechanical Engineering Department in Izmir Institute of Technology. Its latitude and longitude are 38°42’N, 27°12’E, respectively. Pyranometers are used for measuring global radiation data. Through these instruments most of the available data on solar radiation are obtained. A pyranometer produces voltages from the thermopile detectors that are a function of the incident radiation. It is necessary to use a potentiometer to detect and record this output. Radiation data usually must be integrated over some period of time, such as an hour or a day. Two additional kinds of measurements are made with pyranometers; measurements of diffuse radiation on horizontal surfaces and measurements of solar radiation on inclined surfaces. In this study, the global radiation on a horizontal surface was measured at an interval of 10 minute by using a Kipp-Zonen pyranometer (Model CM11) during the experiments. The CM11 (Figure 2) pyranometer is intended for high accuracy global solar radiation measurement research on a plane/level surface. The CM11 houses a second built-in complimentary sensing element (temperature compensation element), in addition to the black receiving detector. Calibrated to identical sensitivity as the receiving detector, the compensation element is connected in anti-series to the receiving detector. Instrument output signal is measured across the entire anti-series circuit. Any change in body temperature, due to thermal shock or temperature gradient effect, is quickly detected by the built-in compensation element, and an offset correction signal is applied to the instrument output signal. 15
Figure 2. Approximate construction of CM11 (Source: Kipp-Zonen, 2010) Table 2. CM11 specfications (Source: Kipp-Zonen, 2010) Spectral range 305-2800 nm Sensitivity 5.14 uV/W/m2 Internal resistance 700-1500 Ohms Response time 15 s Nonlinearity
Page 1 and 2: MEASUREMENT AND COMPARISON OF SOLAR
Page 3 and 4: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First of all, the
Page 5 and 6: ÖZET İZMİR/TÜRKİYE İÇİN GÜ
Page 7 and 8: 4.8. Ulgen and Hepbasli’s Model
Page 9 and 10: Table LIST OF TABLES Table 1. Turke
Page 11 and 12: DMI EIEI IYTE MBE RMSE e t-stat MPE
Page 13 and 14: development. Globally, an estimated
Page 15 and 16: eceived directly (direct radiation)
Page 17 and 18: According to these data, Turkey's a
Page 19 and 20: 2.1. Global Solar Radiation CHAPTER
Page 21 and 22: Electrical Works Research Directora
Page 23 and 24: Togrul et al. (2002) developed some
Page 25: so widely throughout China that the
Page 29 and 30: Meteorological data including tempe
Page 31 and 32: CHAPTER 4 ANALYSIS OF GLOBAL RADIAT
Page 33 and 34: The equation was in the Group 2. H
Page 35 and 36: CHAPTER 5 ANALYSIS OF DIFFUSE RADIA
Page 37 and 38: 5.3. 퐇 퐝 as a Function of 퐇
Page 39 and 40: CHAPTER 6 RESULTS 6.1. Results for
Page 41 and 42: Table 5. Hₒ values for Izmir Mont
Page 43 and 44: 1000 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 20
Page 45 and 46: According to Table 9 the maximum va
Page 47 and 48: 36 Table 10. Hourly average global
Page 49 and 50: Evaluation of Group 1: There is onl
Page 51 and 52: 2000 1800 1600 1400 1200 1000 800 6
Page 53 and 54: The following main results were obt
Page 55 and 56: CHAPTER 7 CONCLUSION In this thesis
Page 57 and 58: Haydar A.; Balli O.; Hepbasli A. (2
Page 59 and 60: Yildiz, M. and Oz, S. (1994), Evalu
Page 61 and 62: 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 900 8
Page 63 and 64: 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 6

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