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98 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM Pheromone. A chemical that is secreted to the outside that causes a specific reaction in a receiving individual of the same species. Phoretic. Referring to the relationship between different species where one is carried on the body of another. Piceous. Pitchy black. Pleuron. The lateral region of any segment of the insect body. Posterior. Rear or rearward; opposite of anterior. Posterolateral. Toward the rear and side. Pro. Latin prefix meaning anterior or before. Pronotum. The upper or dorsal surface of the thorax (prothorax) (Fig. 2). Pubescence. Short, fine setae. Punctate. With impressed points or punctures. Puncture. A small impression on the hard surface of the body. Pygidium. In dorsal view, the last segment usually left partially exposed by the elytra. Ruga (pl. rugae). A wrinkle. Rugose. Wrinkled. Saprophagous. Feeding on dead or decaying vegetable matter. Scape. The first or basal segment of the antenna. Sclerite. Any piece of the insect body wall bordered by sutures. Scutellum. The triangular piece between the bases of the elytra (Fig. 2). Setigerous. Bearing setae. Spur. A spine-like appendage, articulated or not, usually on the tibia (Fig. 2). Stadium. The interval of time between the molts of the larva. Stem. The segments of the antenna exclusive of the club. Stemma (pl. stemmata). The simple eye of holometabolous larvae. Sternite. The ventral part of a segment. Stria (pl. striae). A longitudinal, depressed line or furrow, frequently with punctures, usually extending from the base to the apex of the elytra. Stridulation. The sound produced by rubbing one surface or structure upon another. Stridulatory Ridge. In Nicrophorus species, the short, subparallel, transversely grooved ridges on top of the third abdominal segment that are used in stridulation. Sub. Latin prefix meaning almost or not quite. Subequal. Similar but not quite equal in form, size or other characters. Suture. The longitudinal line of juncture of the elytra. Sympatric. Species or populations whose distributions overlap at least in part. Tarsomere (pl. tarsomeres). One of the segments of the tarsus. Tarsus (pl. tarsi). The foot; the jointed appendage attached to the apex of the tibia. The distal part of the insect leg consisting of (in silphids) five segments (Figs. 2-3). Teneral. The condition of the adult shortly after emergence when it is not entirely hardened or fully colored. Tergite. The dorsal part of a segment. Thanatosis. The act of faking death. Tibia (pl. tibiae). The fourth division of the leg, articulated at the proximal end to the femur and bearing the tarsus on the distal end (Figs. 2-3). Transverse. Broader than long, or crossing the longitudinal axis at right angles. Trochanter. The second segment of the insect leg between the coxa and the femur. Truncate. Cut off squarely at the apex. Tubercle. A small, conical bump. Umbone. An elevated knob situated on the humerus or near the apical angles of the elytra, hence humeral umbone or apical umbone. Urogomphi (sing. urogomphus). Elongated processes found on the terminal segments of certain larvae (Figs. 34-39). Ventral. Pertaining to the under surface. Vitellogenesis. Referring to yolk production in the egg.
THE CARRION BEETLES OF NEBRASKA 99 CHECKLIST OF NEBRASKA SILPHIDAE Life List Subfamily Silphinae Heterosilpha ramosa (Say) Necrodes surinamensis (Fabr.) Necrophila americana (L.) Oiceoptoma inaequale (Fabr.) Oiceoptoma novaboracense (Forster) Thanatophilus lapponicus (Herbst) Thanatophilus truncatus (Say) Subfamily Nicrophorinae Nicrophorus americanus Olivier Nicrophorus carolinus (L.) Nicrophorus guttula Motschulsky Nicrophorus hybridus Hatch and Angell Nicrophorus investigator Zetterstedt Nicrophorus marginatus Fabr. Nicrophorus mexicanus Matthews Nicrophorus obscurus Kirby Nicrophorus orbicollis Say Nicrophorus pustulatus Herschel Nicrophorus tomentosus Weber
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Cover. An adult burying beetle, Nic
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Bulletin of the University of Nebra
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Bulletin of the University of Nebra
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Extensive collecting was conducted
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THE CARRION BEETLES OF NEBRASKA 5 F
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the spring and fall. Drought freque
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they are referred to as “pampas,
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THE CARRION BEETLES OF NEBRASKA 11
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ea s t e r n de c i d u o u s Fo r
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insects are attracted to a cadaver
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The jar or container should not be
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SUBFAMIly SIlPhINAe The Silphinae i
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3’. Head may have short setae, bu
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In a report by Lawrence Bruner on t
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certain areas of the Pacific Northw
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distributed throughout the eastern
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on the dried remains of hide, sinew
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elytra are exposed and are a bright
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will distinguish the larva of this
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GARDEN CO. (2): Crescent Lake; GOSP
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Creek Reservoir, Red Willow Reservo
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Adults in the genus Nicrophorus are
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A few field studies have shown that
Page 53 and 54: THE CARRION BEETLES OF NEBRASKA 47
Page 55 and 56: preparing the feeding cavity of the
Page 57 and 58: is allocated to the parents’ own
Page 59 and 60: oods reared on small carcasses by f
Page 61 and 62: 5. Anterior face of procoxa with sh
Page 63 and 64: THE CARRION BEETLES OF NEBRASKA 57
Page 65 and 66: KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THIRD INSTAR
Page 67 and 68: in north-central Nebraska (Ratcliff
Page 69 and 70: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (199
Page 71 and 72: factors responsible for the decline
Page 73 and 74: Mexico) had relatively low efficien
Page 75 and 76: face of the procoxa in the basal ha
Page 77 and 78: Kaulbars 1987). In Nebraska, this s
Page 79 and 80: ADAMS CO. (30): No data; ARTHUR CO.
Page 81 and 82: and basal margins wide; anterior tr
Page 83 and 84: narrow; basal margin wide; anterior
Page 85 and 86: Mormon Island; HARLAN CO. (17): Rep
Page 87 and 88: ADAMS CO. (2): No data; CLAY CO. (1
Page 89 and 90: Park; SALINE CO. (4): Swan Creek; S
Page 91 and 92: LITERATURE CITED ABBOTT, C.E. 1927a
Page 93 and 94: (Nicrophorus americanus) in Oklahom
Page 95 and 96: HERSCHEL, J.D. 1807. Die Europäisc
Page 97 and 98: (Nicrophorus spp.). Journal of the
Page 99 and 100: REED, H.B. 1958. A study of dog car
Page 101 and 102: TRUMBO, S.T. 1990a. Reproductive be
Page 103: GLOSSARY (modified from Torre-Bueno
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