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66 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM Remarks. Nicrophorus carolinus is easily distinguished from all other North American species by the largely unsculptured pronotum (lacking a transverse, anterior impression and with very narrow explanate margins laterally) (Fig. 76). The elytral epipleuron is also narrow in comparison to other species of Nicrophorus. Anderson and Peck (1985) and Peck and Kaulbars (1987) noted that the elytral maculations are discontinuous and reduced in populations occurring in the north-central states, and nearly all the Nebraska material exhibits this trait. Fig. 108. Nicrophorus carolinus (L.). The immature stages, while undoubtedly known, have not been described in the literature. Anderson and Peck (1985), Peck and Kaulbars (1987), and Lingafelter (1995) remarked that N. carolinus occurs most frequently in areas with loose or sandy soils. The Nebraska specimens seem to corroborate this. Scott et al. (1987) found N. carolinus equally in fields and forests. Arnett (1946) described briefly how a dead snake was buried by these beetles, and Conley (1982) concluded that this species (at least in New
Mexico) had relatively low efficiency of carrion-locating behavior. I have collected this species commonly in western Nebraska using pitfall traps baited with fish. Otherwise, little is known of its biology. Nicrophorus guttula Motschulsky (Figs. 77, 84, 94, 100, 109-110) Necrophorus guttula Motschulsky 1845: 53. Necrophorus hecate Bland 1865: 382. Nicrophorus guttula punctostriatus Pierce 1949: 66. Nicrophorus hecate immaculosus Hatch 1957: 15. Diagnosis. Length 12.2-20.0 mm. Head: Club of antenna completely orange or with basal segment black or piceous; penultimate segment with outer edge emarginate (Fig. 94). Thorax: Pronotum cordate, with lateral margins narrow; basal margin wide; anterior, transverse impression deep, distinct (Fig. 77). Metasternum and metepimeron with dense, yellow pubescence. Elytra: Pattern variable; each elytron with two transverse, orange maculae, maculae frequently coalesced near center, anterior macula usually reaching suture, posterior macula not quite extending to suture; or, maculae reduced THE CARRION BEETLES OF NEBRASKA 67 Fig. 109. Nebraska distribution of Nicrophorus carolinus, N. guttula, N. hybridus, N. investigator. to two separate bands, or spots, or entirely absent. Epipleuron usually orange with anterior black band of elytra crossing onto it (Fig. 84); in specimens with predominantly black elytra, only extreme base of epipleuron orange, remainder black. Legs: Posterior tibia straight. Anterior face of procoxa with long setae on basal half. Distribution. Nicrophorus guttula is widely distributed in the western half of the United States, southern British Columbia, Alberta, and Saskatchewan in Canada, and northern Baja California in Mexico (Anderson and Peck 1985, Peck and Kaulbars 1987). In Nebraska, this species is recorded from the west primarily, but there is a Lincoln record. Locality Records (Fig. 109). 117 Nebraska specimens examined or recorded. BOX BUTTE CO. (1): No data; CHERRY CO. (7): Ft. Niobrara National Wildlife Refuge; DAWES CO. (6): Chadron; LANCASTER CO. (1): Lincoln; SIOUX CO. (56): Gilbert Baker Wildlife Area, Glen, Monroe Canyon, Warbonnet Canyon; THOMAS CO. (46): Halsey Forest Reserve. Temporal Distribution. Rangewide: May to September (Anderson and Peck 1985).
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Cover. An adult burying beetle, Nic
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Bulletin of the University of Nebra
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Bulletin of the University of Nebra
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Extensive collecting was conducted
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THE CARRION BEETLES OF NEBRASKA 5 F
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the spring and fall. Drought freque
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they are referred to as “pampas,
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THE CARRION BEETLES OF NEBRASKA 11
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ea s t e r n de c i d u o u s Fo r
Page 21 and 22: insects are attracted to a cadaver
Page 23 and 24: The jar or container should not be
Page 25 and 26: SUBFAMIly SIlPhINAe The Silphinae i
Page 27 and 28: 3’. Head may have short setae, bu
Page 29 and 30: In a report by Lawrence Bruner on t
Page 31 and 32: THE CARRION BEETLES OF NEBRASKA 25
Page 33 and 34: certain areas of the Pacific Northw
Page 37 and 38: distributed throughout the eastern
Page 39 and 40: on the dried remains of hide, sinew
Page 41 and 42: elytra are exposed and are a bright
Page 43 and 44: will distinguish the larva of this
Page 45 and 46: GARDEN CO. (2): Crescent Lake; GOSP
Page 47 and 48: Creek Reservoir, Red Willow Reservo
Page 49 and 50: Adults in the genus Nicrophorus are
Page 51 and 52: A few field studies have shown that
Page 55 and 56: preparing the feeding cavity of the
Page 57 and 58: is allocated to the parents’ own
Page 59 and 60: oods reared on small carcasses by f
Page 61 and 62: 5. Anterior face of procoxa with sh
Page 65 and 66: KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THIRD INSTAR
Page 67 and 68: in north-central Nebraska (Ratcliff
Page 69 and 70: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (199
Page 71: factors responsible for the decline
Page 75 and 76: face of the procoxa in the basal ha
Page 77 and 78: Kaulbars 1987). In Nebraska, this s
Page 79 and 80: ADAMS CO. (30): No data; ARTHUR CO.
Page 81 and 82: and basal margins wide; anterior tr
Page 83 and 84: narrow; basal margin wide; anterior
Page 85 and 86: Mormon Island; HARLAN CO. (17): Rep
Page 87 and 88: ADAMS CO. (2): No data; CLAY CO. (1
Page 89 and 90: Park; SALINE CO. (4): Swan Creek; S
Page 91 and 92: LITERATURE CITED ABBOTT, C.E. 1927a
Page 93 and 94: (Nicrophorus americanus) in Oklahom
Page 95 and 96: HERSCHEL, J.D. 1807. Die Europäisc
Page 97 and 98: (Nicrophorus spp.). Journal of the
Page 99 and 100: REED, H.B. 1958. A study of dog car
Page 101 and 102: TRUMBO, S.T. 1990a. Reproductive be
Page 103 and 104: GLOSSARY (modified from Torre-Bueno
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