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Figure 21: DAQ system used for AMANDA-B4 during 1996 Figure 22: PM dark-noise contents of simulated atmospheric muon events. Each point shows the number of muon events with 0, 1, 2, etc. hits contributed from PM noise. The hits are collected in a 32 s time window and a majority trigger of 8/1 is used. 34
10 4 10 3 10 2 0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 30000 (ns) Figure 23: All leading-edge times of all modules of the array for data taken with an 8-fold majority trigger. The only cut imposed is on the ¢¡¤£¢¥ §¦©¨ ¨¦ ¤£¢£¤¥ time-over-thresholds ( ). The sharp peak at 23 is given by the time of the eighth module hit within the 2 trigger window (i.e. it is located at the upper edge of that window). Pure noise hits produce the flat distribution and the bulge after the main distribution is due <strong>to</strong> afterpulses. 10 4 10 3 10 2 10 1 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 Figure 24: Distribution of the time between two consecutive events. (ns) 35
Page 1 and 2: Muon Analysis with the AMANDA-B Fou
Page 3 and 4: Contents 1 Dissertation description
Page 5 and 6: 1 Dissertation description This dis
Page 7 and 8: structure of NESTOR is a 12 floor t
Page 9 and 10: 3.1.2 Acceleration mechanisms In pr
Page 11 and 12: 3.1.3 Candidate point sources of ne
Page 13 and 14: 3.1.4 Neutrino cascades ~10 -2 pc J
Page 15 and 16: 3.1.6 Background The first source o
Page 17 and 18: which is the fraction of the nucleo
Page 19 and 20: Detection rate Detector Figure 7: D
Page 21 and 22: Cherenkov wavefront £ £ £¤¦¥
Page 23 and 24: Electromagnetic showers Both electr
Page 25 and 26: 4 Detector description 4.1 String d
Page 27 and 28: Figure 10: ©¡ -laser module insta
Page 29 and 30: 1m Figure 12: The drill head, equip
Page 31 and 32: Figure 14: Bleeder circuit meters.
Page 33 and 34: micros. Figure 16: Arrival time dis
Page 35 and 36: 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1
Page 37: of 100 V over PMs. The TDC module u
Page 41 and 42: 5 Optical properties of the South P
Page 43 and 44: λ a [m] 300 250 200 150 100 50 Dep
Page 45 and 46: (a.u) 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 0 1000
Page 47 and 48: absorption length, m 160 140 120 10
Page 49 and 50: leading edge (ns) Figure 34: Exampl
Page 51 and 52: High Voltage [V] Gain 1300 0.03 140
Page 53 and 54: transit time (ns) YAG-data, larger
Page 55 and 56: £ £ £ £ £ £ 79.5 72.0 80.3
Page 57 and 58: String# 2 3 4 1 1.9 1.8 -51.5 1.5
Page 59 and 60: String# 2 3 4 1 0.2 1.0 -51.5 0.9
Page 61 and 62: experience from the field, where th
Page 63 and 64: emitter ¦ £ ¤ ¢ ¡ ¦ £ ¤ ¢
Page 65 and 66: 1 ¢ ¢ ¢ ¢ ¢ ¢ ¥ ¢ ¢ ¢ ¢
Page 67 and 68: 7 Data filters 7.1 Data cleaning Th
Page 69 and 70: Figure 46: All leading edge times f
Page 71 and 72: the average relative time between p
Page 73 and 74: 8 Reconstruction of muons-tracks 8.
Page 75 and 76: x' z' D č Figure 51: In a coordina
Page 77 and 78: Number of events 1200 1000 800 600
Page 79 and 80: Probability (t > t 0 ) 1 0.8 0.6 0.
Page 81 and 82: 1/N dN/dt < t > (ns) Skewness 1 0.8
Page 83 and 84: Several measures of the distributio
Page 85 and 86: ¤ ¦ § £ ¢¡ ¤£ ¢¡ § ¤
Page 87 and 88: Table 15 yields the results, with n
Page 89 and 90:
Figure 60: £¢¡ ¤¤£¦¥¨§©
Page 91 and 92:
9 Analysis of 1996 data There are t
Page 93 and 94:
Figure 64: Atmospheric muon flux at
Page 95 and 96:
ule to scatter back and give a hit,
Page 97 and 98:
£ ¡ ¤¨£ £ ¦¡ Figure 70: for
Page 99 and 100:
9.2.2 SPASE coincidences The SPASE
Page 101 and 102:
-15 and 15 ns after the STREC recon
Page 103 and 104:
9.3 Search for atmospheric neutrino
Page 105 and 106:
Figure 78: Left: probability distri
Page 107 and 108:
Figure 80: Distributions of several
Page 109 and 110:
8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Figure 82: The two
Page 111 and 112:
threshold for an AMANDA-B4 search o
Page 113 and 114:
¡ [ ¦ Neutralino 50 100 250
Page 115 and 116:
10 Conclusions A position calibrati
Page 117 and 118:
References [1] E. Andrés, P. Askeb
Page 119 and 120:
[50] A. J. Gow and T. Williamson, J
Page 121 and 122:
Appendix correction (ns) correction
Page 123 and 124:
Em. string Em. module Rec. string R
Page 125 and 126:
distance (m) Run 159 Z-shift=33.5.
Page 127 and 128:
distance (m) To string 1 distance (
Page 129 and 130:
distance (m) To string 1 distance (
Page 131 and 132:
¦ ¦ § ¦ © © © © ¢ ¡£¢
Page 133 and 134:
Em. string Em. module Rec. string R
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