The car2go Car-Sharing System - LTA Academy
The car2go Car-Sharing System - LTA Academy
The car2go Car-Sharing System - LTA Academy
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<strong>The</strong> <strong>car2go</strong> <strong>Car</strong>-<strong>Sharing</strong> <strong>System</strong><br />
Prof. Jörg Firnkorn Dr. Martin Müller<br />
Stiftungsprofessur Foundation Chair for Sustainability Nachhaltiges Wissen, nachhaltige Bildung,<br />
University nachhaltiges of UlmWirtschaften<br />
Jörg Firnkorn, University of Ulm, Germany<br />
Urban Sustainability R&D Congress 2011; Track 2: Urban Mobility<br />
Singapore, 27-28 June 2011 Biopolis (Matrix Building)<br />
1
<strong>car2go</strong><br />
1. Functionality<br />
2. Effects<br />
3. Conclusions<br />
Jörg Firnkorn<br />
Foundation Chair for Sustainability<br />
University of Ulm<br />
2
<strong>The</strong> <strong>car2go</strong>-fleet is free-floating<br />
Jörg Firnkorn<br />
Foundation Chair for Sustainability<br />
University of Ulm<br />
• no fixed stations<br />
• start&end rentals anywhere<br />
• one-way usage allowed<br />
3
300 vehicles free-floating in the city (Ulm)<br />
Jörg Firnkorn<br />
Foundation Chair for Sustainability<br />
University of Ulm<br />
4<br />
• GPS-defined<br />
start/end<br />
• operating area<br />
<br />
X<br />
X<br />
<br />
X<br />
Screenshot of map: www.<strong>car2go</strong>.com
Vehicles usually within walking distance<br />
Jörg Firnkorn<br />
Foundation Chair for Sustainability<br />
University of Ulm<br />
5<br />
• no booking<br />
requirement<br />
• max 15min<br />
pre-booking<br />
• 0.24 €/min<br />
•Example:<br />
- 2x weekly 30min<br />
- 57.6 €/month<br />
Screenshot of map: www.<strong>car2go</strong>.com
How to find a <strong>car2go</strong><br />
normal<br />
website<br />
multimediastation<br />
Jörg Firnkorn<br />
Foundation Chair for Sustainability<br />
University of Ulm<br />
normal<br />
phone<br />
smartphone<br />
applications<br />
6<br />
Screenshot of map: www.<strong>car2go</strong>.com
Access by chip + code<br />
• chip on driving license<br />
• reading device<br />
Jörg Firnkorn<br />
Foundation Chair for Sustainability<br />
University of Ulm<br />
7<br />
• touchscreen-display<br />
• key- and card-holder
3 parking options<br />
free (=private) designated spots parking garage<br />
Jörg Firnkorn<br />
Foundation Chair for Sustainability<br />
University of Ulm<br />
8
Approaches to measure car-sharing effects<br />
generic design applied comparison, question type and example of a car-sharing study<br />
longitudinal<br />
analysis<br />
cross-sectional<br />
analysis<br />
Jörg Firnkorn<br />
Foundation Chair for Sustainability<br />
University of Ulm<br />
plan future<br />
recall past<br />
imagine<br />
hypothetical<br />
scenario<br />
today t 0 - today t 1<br />
base situation "Describe your mobility today (t 0)."<br />
changed situation "Describe your mobility today (t 1)."<br />
example study Cervero et al., 2007<br />
today - future<br />
base situation "Describe your mobility today."<br />
changed situation "What will your future mobility look like?"<br />
example study Wilke et al., 2007<br />
today - past<br />
base situation "What did your past mobility look like?"<br />
changed situation "Describe your mobility today."<br />
example study Martin et al., 2010<br />
today real -today hypothetical<br />
base situation "Describe your mobility today."<br />
changed situation "What would your mobility today hypothetically look like, if (condition)."<br />
example study Haefeli et al., 2006<br />
9<br />
Firnkorn&Müller, 2011
Impact potential on private vehicle holding<br />
2009<br />
(N=307)<br />
2010<br />
(N=1881)<br />
Jörg Firnkorn<br />
Foundation Chair for Sustainability<br />
University of Ulm<br />
"If <strong>car2go</strong> is offered permanently in Ulm, I could image forgoing<br />
the purchase of a car or of a replacement car in the future."<br />
Applies<br />
strongly<br />
(1) (2) (3) (4)<br />
10<br />
Does not<br />
apply at all<br />
(5)<br />
14% 19% 15% 14% 11% 46%<br />
16% 40%<br />
24% 14% 25% 22%
Market penetration and customers<br />
• 21,000 users in first two years in Ulm (175,000 inhabitants)<br />
• 56% < 35 years; 63% male; all income classes (Ulm)<br />
• cities: Ulm (2009), Austin (2010), Hamburg & Vancouver (2011)<br />
• international roll-out announced (Amsterdam 2011)<br />
Jörg Firnkorn<br />
Foundation Chair for Sustainability<br />
University of Ulm<br />
11
Conditions influencing car-sharing systems<br />
City characteristics<br />
characteristics<br />
• population density<br />
• private car usage<br />
• mobile phone network/GPS<br />
Jörg Firnkorn<br />
Foundation Chair for Sustainability<br />
University of Ulm<br />
12<br />
City Governmental characteristics<br />
regulations<br />
• parking space - locations<br />
• parking space - pricing<br />
• special rights for shared cars<br />
<strong>Car</strong>-sharing integrated in other mobility systems<br />
= higher potential to reduce private vehicle holding<br />
• physical integration into public transportation infrastructure<br />
• integration of pricing & payment systems<br />
§§§
Thank you<br />
Jörg Firnkorn<br />
Foundation Chair for Sustainability<br />
University of Ulm<br />
-University of Ulm, Germany<br />
-joerg.firnkorn@uni-ulm.de<br />
-+49 731 50 32351<br />
13
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