NATO/CCMS Pilot Study Evaluation of Demonstrated and ... - CLU-IN

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NATO/CCMS Pilot Project on Contaminated Land and Groundwater (Phase III) January 2001 18. Peters, R.W. & L. Shem, 1992: Use of chelating agents for remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil. In ACS Symposium Series Environmental Remediation: 70-84. 19. Roche, E.G., J. Doyle & C.J. Haig, 1994: Decontamination of site of a secondary zinc smelter in Torrance California. In IMM, Hydrometallurgy ‘94: 1035-1048. London: Chapman & Hall 20. Royer, M.D., A. Selvakumar & R. Gaire, 1992: Control technologies for remediation of contaminated soil and waste deposits at superfund lead battery recycling sites. J. Air & Waste Management Association, pp. 970-980. 21. Shikatani, K.S., Yanful, E.K., 1993: An Investigation for the Design of Dry Covers for Mine Wastes, in Proceedings of the International Symposium on Drying, Roasting, Calcining and Plant Design and Operation. Part II Advances in Environmental Protection for Metallurgical Industries, eds: A. J. Olivier, W. J. Thornburn, R. Walli, 32 nd Annual Conference of Metallurgists of CIM, Quebec, Aug. 29-Sep.2, pp. 245-258. 22. Theodoratos, P., Papassiopi, N., and Kontopoulos, A., 1998: Stabilisation of highly polluted soils, Contaminated Soil 1998, Edinburg 29
NATO/CCMS Pilot Project on Contaminated Land and Groundwater (Phase III) January 2001 Project No. 5 Location Rademarkt (former dry cleaning site) Rotterdam Harbour (oil refinery site) Rural Area (natural gas production site) Akzo Nobel (chlorinated pesticides site) Technical Contact Huub Rijnaarts/Sjef Staps/ Herco van Liere TNO Institute of Environmental Sciences, Energy Research and Process Innovation Laan van Westenenk 501 7334 DT Apeldoorn The Netherlands Tel: +31 55 5493380 Fax: +31 55 5493523 E-mail: H.H.M.Rijnaarts@mep.tno.nl S.Staps@mep.tno.nl H.C.vanLiere@mep.tno.nl Project 5 was completed in 2000. 1. INTRODUCTION Application of Bioscreens and Bioreactive Zones Project Status Final report Project Dates Accepted 1998 Costs Documented? Yes 30 Contaminants Oil, BTEX, chlorinated solvents, chlorinated pesticides, and benzenes Media Groundwater Project Size Pilot to full-scale Name of the technology: Biowalls/Bioscreens/Biobarrier/Treatment zones Status of the technology: bench, pilot to full scale; emerging and innovative Technology Type In Situ Bioremediation Results Available? Yes Project objectives: To develop and demonstrate the technical and economical feasibility of various biowall/bioscreen configurations for interception of mobile groundwater contaminants, as a more costeffective and groundwater resources saving alternative for currently used pump-and-treat approaches. 2. SITE DESCRIPTIONS Chlorinated solvent site. The Rademarkt Site (Groningen, The Netherlands) is contaminated with perchloroethylene (PCE) and trichlorethylene (TCE). It concerns an unconfined aquifer with a clay aquitard at a depth of 9 m. The plume is located at a depth of 6 - 9 m and 150 m long and 30 to 60 m wide, and has mixed redox conditions, i.e., separate reducing and oxidising zones. Transformation rates of especially vinylchloride as observed in the field (and in the laboratory) are too slow to prevent migration of this hazardous compound to areas to be protected. The source area contains high concentrations of PCE and needs to be treated to prevent subsequent delivery to the plume area. Source remediation and plume interception were therefore required. Analyses have shown insufficient natural biodegradation capacity due to a shortage of intrinsic electron donor. Therefore a 50 m semi full-scale reactive zone has been installed in the source zone. Results after 7 months have shown complete biodegradation of PCE to ethene and ethane.
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