Data Analysis: Confounders, Mediators, and Moderators
Data Analysis: Confounders, Mediators, and Moderators
Data Analysis: Confounders, Mediators, and Moderators
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Questions<br />
1. Are there disparities across ethnic groups in the burden<br />
of suffering from asthma?<br />
Do you control for SES?<br />
2. Is the disparity in asthma morbidity across ethnic groups<br />
mediated by SES?<br />
Do you control for depression score or local air pollution?<br />
3. Is the effect of ethnicity on asthma morbidity modified<br />
by socioeconomic factors?<br />
Equivalent null hypotheses:<br />
The difference in asthm morbidity between blacks <strong>and</strong> non-blacks is the<br />
same for each level of each socioeconomic factor.<br />
The interaction term between ethnic group <strong>and</strong> each socioeconomic<br />
factor will have a coefficient of zero.<br />
4. Which of the following are examples of confounding,<br />
interaction, both, or neither?<br />
Example Crude OR Stratum 1 Stratum 2 Adj OR<br />
1 2.36 2.43 2.32 2.37<br />
2 2.36 3.48 3.52 3.51<br />
3 2.36 1.03 1.18 1.06<br />
4 2.36 1.03 5.46 2.34<br />
5 2.36 2.43 5.46 4.02<br />
6 2.36 0.54 0.63 0.59<br />
7 2.36 0.54 3.52 1.98<br />
A Evans, March 2006 <strong>Confounders</strong>, <strong>Mediators</strong>, <strong>Moderators</strong> 5
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