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58 ttsing. t}le coqci.uslons nentloned above, seven surface routl$g models wele investlgat'ed. ?le6e rrele subJected to broaitly the san; anatys€s, the outcone of which r,as a relatlonshlp in each case between one moalel pdr.ro€ter and catchEent characterlstlcs (sl-ope and ovetland flow f€ngth) These telatj,onEhlps showed a Balkeal sinllarity, and al1 explalncal apploxtnately th€ 6aEe percent-rge of the valiance {beti.een 4OC a$il S5t) 1n the optlDls€d pat'a.dete!. Th€ catchnent slop€ exerts the stronge! cortrol of the tro catchfient charact€rlsttcs in aLl cases. Table 25 Ehoss a atxrolary of the results of th€6e analysei. I'tre pelfolFancea of the moilels were compated by apptylnq then to four lndep€ndent catchDeneB whtch had not b€en enptoyed in the ana:.yses ilescrlbed io the Last palagraph. An analysis of varLatrce on these lesult6 suggests that, j.n terns of overall fit (least squares), the llnear reselolr, nonllnea! reservolr anil l{usklngun oodels t'ere superlor to the othera. In CerDa of peak estlnaCion, thele was nothlng Co choose between any of the I0odels, Tbe unlt hydroqraph nodel perfoloeal poo!]y conpaled to the other loodels ln all respects. In concfusion, a nunber of fully genelallsed nodels have been plesented, Glven a oeans of €stimatlng the volrrlre of ru[off fron a given rainfal] evelC (whlch ni1l vary accoriling to cllmate and engj.neering Practlce) , any of the surface riouting nodels describeal cou!.d be used to generate an inlet hydrograph to a sewer systen. Analyses have lndicated that the choice of srrf,ace routlng moalel 15 less critlcal than the manne! in whlch tt is ulltisedl. In general, however, a nonlinear model l,'lll perfolm marginally better than a linear one. rcKNCIIILEDGEUENTS Ille eorkshop palticlpants soultl like to acknoHle\ilge lhe conslderable _oi .""f.aun"" ttr" totlo"fng rH staff: Robln clarke fot hls help with ii.-"n.fv"." of varlance, ran Makln for hls organisation of the data iJ ;i;;ilh the analYses, anal ltark venn for his helP an'l advice on ;;;p;;;s matters. ?h; vlsitlng PatticiPants eoulil lrf: l: :I-t:.tu ii.i. tha.ks to cella Ktrbv for arlanglng for tbelr stav 'o De so pleasant. "p"cf"f The lrorkshop was sponsored iointly by the Depart[ent of the Envlroruoent and the Xn6tltute of ltydrology' t I I I I I I I I I t I I T I
I I I I I I I T I I t I ! REFEREIEES Arnell, V., Fal-k, J. & llalinqnlst, P.a. I9?7. Urt€n 3!orn water research in Sweden. Chalners Unlvelslty of Technotogy, urban Geohydrology Research GrouP, RePort No- 19- Bette6s, R. & Price, R.K. 1976, conpatlson of nunerical nethods for loutirg flol,. along a pipe. llydraullcs Research station' wallirgford, u.K. , Report 11162. Blyth, K. a Kldd, C.tt.R. 197?. develognenC of a neter for the measurenent of allschErge throuqh "he a road 9u1ly. cha"t ' tr1unip. Eng., ro4l2) . Cunqe, J.A. 1969. On a flood Plopagation Dethod. J. AAdr. Re6., '7, (2)- Falk, J. a Niernczlmovicz, ,J. 19?6. Runoff fron inpermeable surfaces. Nordlc nydroloqical CoDf. 75, Reykjavik, lceland. aatk, J. & Nlenczlmonlcz, J. 1978. Characterlstics of the above-ground runoff i.n sewered catctlrnents. Proc, of the Internatlonal Confexence on Stors Dralnage, southahpton, u.K., April 1978, Friedman, M. 1937- Ttle use of lanks to avold the assunptlon of nolnality, ,Jou?. Atn, Stata. Aaeoc,, 32t 675-1oL. cottschalk, t. & Nleoczynowlcz, J. ].9'75. surface runoff from inpermeable sulfaces- (In Sltedlsh $tth English sufinary), Nordlc St'mposiurn in Sarpsberg, Norvtay. Kidd, C.H.R. 1976. A nonlinear urban runoff model. lnstitute of Hydrology Report No. 31. Kidd, C,t{-R. 1978. A calibrated oodel for the sioulatlon of the inlet I hydrograph for fully-seirered catclnents. Proc. of the International I conference on Storn Drainage, Southamplon, U.K., April I9?8. t I I Lindh, c. 1975. Utban hydrologlcal loodel.ling and catchment lesearch ln S$eden. ASCE Urban lfater Resources Research Ptogran. Technical Menoranalutn No. IltP-7. ltorgali, J.R. & linsley, R.K. 1955. Conputer anai-ysis of overland flor. J. ltgd, ND,, A,S,C.E,, 11Y3. Neutnann, W. E Malir, G, 1976. Der Niedelschlagsabfluss in stldtischen Einzugsgebleten- Technical Unlverslty of tiunich Report Nr. ll. Neuinann, vl. 1971 . Zut proqnose des Niederschlag - Abflussverhalten in urbanen Elnzugsgebleten. Na6senti"tsch4ft, 67 14) ,
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