Nutraceuticals, Supplements & Vitamins - Michigan Optometric ...

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Glaucoma • Gingko Biloba Improves blood flow to optic nerve Reduces blood serum viscosity Antioxidant activity Increases platelet activating factor activity Inhibition of apoptosis Inhibition of excitotoxicity Dry Eye Syndrome • More women than men have dry eye • Androgen deficiency may lead to meibomian gland dysfunction • Androgen deficiency and estrogen replacement therapy may increase ocular surface inflammation Nutritional Alternatives • Omega 3 essential fatty acid sources • Flaxseed oil – alpha-linolenic acid omega 3 (57%), linolenic acid omega 6 (15%), oleic acid omega 9 (18%) • Other plant derived omega 3 fatty acid – gamma linolenic acid (GLA) • Fish oil – rich in omega 3 EPA & DHA essential fatty acids (sardines), most products have 1.5 EPA to 1 DHA ratio • Be careful of fish oil quality. Needs to be free of or have acceptable levels of mercury or other toxins. Glaucoma • Ginkgo Biloba One study indicated increased end diastolic velocity within optic nerve with no effects on arterial blood pressure, heart rate, or IOP Another study found improvement of pre-existing VF defects in normal tension glaucoma patients Dosage in both studies was 40mg tid / day Dry Eye Syndrome • Omega 3 supplementation beneficial • Recent study at Brigham and Women’s Hospital found that improving the ratios of omega 3 fatty acids to omega 6 fatty acids improved dry eye syndrome in women • Opposite made it worse Nutritional Alternatives • Depending on formulation, need 1,000-2,000 mg omega 3 essential fatty acids per day to have therapeutic effect • Stimulate tear production, rebalance tear film physiology and improve meibomian gland secretion quality • No benefits in drug induced dry eye syndrome 10
Omega 3 Fatty Acids • Sjogren's patients tend to have lower dietary levels of omega-3 fatty acids, including EPA & DHA than matched controls • Optimum ratio of omega-3 to omega-6 ratio for good health typically is 1:4 • Severity of dry eye in Sjogren's syndrome is inversely proportional to membrane and serum levels of DHA • Omega 3 fatty acids affect the lipid profiles of meibomian gland secretions in Sjogren’s patients Dry Eye Syndrome Gamma-linoleic acid (GLA) may be beneficial in Sjogren’s syndrome Diets with proper levels of <strong>Vitamins</strong> A, B6, C; potassium; zinc also important for normal tear film function Potassium – improves tear film osmolarity (TheraTears artificial tear formulation) Albumin – ocular surface disorders with tear deficiency Omega 3 Fatty Acids • Omega-3 fatty acids help suppress meibomianitis, decrease apoptosis, improve neural signal transduction, stimulate tear production, augment the tear film oily layer and have anti-inflammatory properties • Increased essential fatty acids, particularly omega 3 stimulates tear production and rebalances tear film physiology • May also benefit acne rosacea patients with associated dry eye syndrome Contact Lens Related Infections • Contact lens biofilms may be associated with low levels of tear lactoferrin • Hydroxyl radicals, a by-product of oxidative stress superoxide and H2O2 catalyzed by free iron, may exacerbate damage to cornea • Adequate levels of iron-binding tear lactoferrin is suggested to lower corneal opportunistic risks for related infections. • Site-specific lactoferrin proteins are also produced and immediately released by neutrophils, the first white blood cells to appear in infection 11
Page 1 and 2: Nutraceuticals, Supplements & Vitam
Page 3 and 4: Age Related Macular Degeneration Ta
Page 5 and 6: Nutritional Supplements for Prevent
Page 7 and 8: ARMD Categories • Category 3 - at
Page 9: Diabetic Cataracts • Bioflavonoid

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