Nutraceuticals, Supplements & Vitamins - Michigan Optometric ...

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Age Related Cataracts • Observational data from AREDS suggest that use of multivitamin may delay the progression of lens opacities • NEI Trial studying use of Centrum and cataract development Age Related Cataracts • Vitamin E may protect against UVB light induced cataract • Journal of Nutrition study found that xanthophyll carotenoids, lutein and zeaxanthin were more protective than Vitamin E Age Related Cataracts • Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery published a study which demonstrated that grape seed pranthocyanidin supplements suppressed experimental cataracts in animal model Age Related Cataracts High dose Vitamin C Supplementation Study – may have benefits, reduced risk of cataracts by 60% after 10 years of supplementation – reduced risk of cortical cataracts in women under 60 years of age Increased total vitamin A - including carotenoids, and lutein/zeaxanthin consumption may reduce overall risk for cataract extraction Age Related Cataracts • One study indicates taking a broad based multivitamin supplement may reduce cataract risk by 33% • Another study found that patients taking regular doses of Vitamin E and maintained high blood levels reduced risk by 50% Age Related Cataracts • The Longitudinal Study of Cataract – reduction in nuclear cataract development with users of multivitamins or vitamin E separately • Lycopene - nutritional antioxidant, reduced incidence of nuclear cataract in animal model with restoration of normal lens physiology • EPA omega-3 - essential fatty acid found in the lens, supplementation may help maintain clarity 8
Diabetic Cataracts • Bioflavonoids – bilberry, quercetin and its derivatives help inhibit aldose reductase Diabetic Retinopathy • Lower levels of antioxidants in diabetic patients • Diabetes induced oxidative damage and nitrative stress in eyes with diabetic retinopathy • Study demonstrated that zeaxanthin supplementation may prevent the damage Optic Nerve Abnomalities • Study reported at ARVO • Folic acid, B6 and B12 may enhance growth and possibly repair damaged mechanisms in the adult central nervous system • Previously known that supplementation helped neuronal tube development in embryo Diabetic Neuropathy • Alpha-lipoic acid 100-300 mg day - mimics antioxidants may reduce frequency and symptoms of diabetic neuropathy • ? Benefits for diabetic cataract Optic Nerve Abnomalities Nutritional Amblyopia and Tobacco Alcohol Amblyopia • B-complex vitamins formulations have been shown to have therapeutic effects • B-complex formulations – B-6, B-12, niacin, folic acid • Therapeutic benefits possible by reestablishing healthy metabolism Glaucoma Gingko Biloba • NMDA blocker (N-methyl-D-aspartate) - neuroprotective activity Actions • Physiological actions - increases blood flow to neurological tissues • Antioxidant activity, increased platelet activating factor, nitric oxide inhibition • May result in neuroprotection of retinal ganglion cells in glaucoma 9
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