Understanding Variation in Partition Coefficient, Kd, Values Volume II

More documents

Recommendations

Info

5.9.3 Aqueous Speciation .............................................. 5.55 5.9.4 Dissolution/Precipitation/Coprecipitation ............................. 5.58 5.9.5 Sorption/Desorption .............................................. 5.60 5.9.6 Partition Coefficient, K d, Values .................................... 5.61 5.9.6.1 General Availability of K d Data ................................ 5.61 5.9.6.2 Look-Up Tables ............................................ 5.62 5.9.6.2.1 Limits of K d with Respect to Organic Matter and Aluminum/Iron-Oxide Concentrations ..................... 5.63 5.9.6.2.2 Limits of K d with Respect to Dissolved Carbonate Concentrations ........................................ 5.63 5.10 Tritium Geochemistry and K d Values .................................... 5.64 5.10.1 Overview: Important Aqueous- and Solid-Phase Parameters Controlling Retardation .......................................... 5.64 5.10.2 General Geochemistry ........................................... 5.64 5.10.3 Aqueous Speciation ............................................. 5.65 5.10.4 Dissolution/Precipitation/Coprecipitation ............................ 5.65 5.10.5 Sorption/Desorption ............................................. 5.65 5.10.6 Partition Coefficient, K d , Values ................................... 5.65 5.11 Uranium Geochemistry and K d Values ................................... 5.65 5.11.1 Overview: Important Aqueous- and Solid-Phase Parameters Controlling Retardation .......................................... 5.65 5.11.2 General Geochemistry ........................................... 5.66 5.11.3 Aqueous Speciation ............................................. 5.67 5.11.4 Dissolution/Precipitation/Coprecipitation ............................ 5.69 5.11.5 Sorption/Desorption ............................................. 5.72 5.11.6 Partition Coefficient, K d , Values ................................... 5.74 5.11.6.1 General Availability of K d Data ............................... 5.74 5.11.6.2 Look-Up Table ............................................ 5.74 5.11.6.2.1 Limits K d Values with Respect to Dissolved Carbonate Concentrations .............................. 5.75 5.11.6.2.2 Limits of K d Values with Respect to Clay Content and CEC . . . 5.76 5.11.6.2.3 Use of Surface Complexation Models to Predict Uranium K d Values ................................... 5.76 5.12 Conclusions ........................................................ 5.77 6.0 References .............................................................. 6.1 Appendix A - Acronyms and Abbreviations .......................................A.1 Appendix B - Definitions ...................................................... B.1 xi
Appendix C - Partition Coefficients for Cadmium ..................................C.1 Appendix D - Partition Coefficients for Cesium ....................................D.1 Appendix E - Partition Coefficients for Chromium .................................. E.1 Appendix F - Partition Coefficients for Lead ...................................... F.1 Appendix G - Partition Coefficients for Plutonium .................................G.1 Appendix H - Partition Coefficients for Strontium .................................H.1 Appendix I - Partition Coefficients for Thorium .................................... I.1 Appendix J - Partition Coefficients for Uranium .................................... J.1 xii
Page 1 and 2: United States Office of Air and Rad
Page 3 and 4: NOTICE The following two-volume rep
Page 5 and 6: This publication is the result of a
Page 7 and 8: TO COMMENT ON THIS GUIDE OR PROVIDE
Page 9 and 10: CONTENTS NOTICE ...................
Page 11: 5.6 Plutonium Geochemistry and K d
Page 15 and 16: Figure E.1. Variation of K d for Cr
Page 17 and 18: Table 5.16. Uranium(VI) aqueous spe
Page 19 and 20: Table H.4. Look-up table for estima
Page 21 and 22: 1.0 Introduction The objective of t
Page 23 and 24: eviewed. The main focus of Volume I
Page 25 and 26: 2.0 The Kd Model The simplest and m
Page 27 and 28: no longer be used to perform the in
Page 29 and 30: of the velocity of the contaminant
Page 31 and 32: An increasing body of evidence indi
Page 33 and 34: contaminants of interest and the as
Page 35 and 36: dissolved gases and complexing liga
Page 37 and 38: Element Table 5.2. Concentrations o
Page 39 and 40: 5.6
Page 41 and 42: 5.8
Page 43 and 44: 5.2.4 Dissolution/Precipitation/Cop
Page 45 and 46: 1980). In contrast, zinc almost com
Page 47 and 48: 5.2.6.2.2 Limits of K d Values with
Page 49 and 50: 5.3 Cesium Geochemistry and K d Val
Page 51 and 52: Cesium may also adsorb to iron oxid
Page 53 and 54: Table 5.5. Estimated range of K d v
Page 55 and 56: ore processing, plating operations,
Page 57 and 58: elow the isoelectric point, the min
Page 59 and 60: Among all available data for Cr(VI)
Page 61 and 62: 5.5 Lead Geochemistry and K d Value
Page 63 and 64:
on dissolution/precipitation of lea
Page 65 and 66:
Percent Distribution 100 80 60 40 2
Page 67 and 68:
A number of studies have confirmed
Page 69 and 70:
Solid organic matter such as humic
Page 71 and 72:
Plutonium is produced by fissioning
Page 73 and 74:
The pe is related to Eh by the equa
Page 75 and 76:
Table 5.10. Plutonium aqueous speci
Page 77 and 78:
5.6.5 Sorption/Desorption Plutonium
Page 79 and 80:
conditions depended on the colloida
Page 81 and 82:
5.6.6.2.2 Limits of K d Values with
Page 83 and 84:
present in vadose zone pore water w
Page 85 and 86:
There is little tendency for stront
Page 87 and 88:
strontium partitions from the disso
Page 89 and 90:
greater than about 10 -4 M, humic s
Page 91 and 92:
Table 5.13. Look-up table for estim
Page 93 and 94:
1976; Cotton and Wilkinson, 1980).
Page 95 and 96:
Table 5.14. Thorium aqueous species
Page 97 and 98:
Figure 5.5 changes slightly in the
Page 99 and 100:
to less than 10 -9 mol/l (0.0002 mg
Page 101 and 102:
Based on the assumptions and limita
Page 103 and 104:
5.10 Tritium Geochemistry And K d V
Page 105 and 106:
Uranium(VI) species dominate in oxi
Page 107 and 108:
most natural waters. For waters ass
Page 109 and 110:
U(IV) mineral, is a primary mineral
Page 111 and 112:
Percent Distribution 100 80 60 40 2
Page 113 and 114:
5.11.6 Partition Coefficient, K d ,
Page 115 and 116:
strong anionic carbonato complexes.
Page 117 and 118:
Elemen t Table 5.18. Selected chemi
Page 119 and 120:
Another objective of this report is
Page 121 and 122:
6.0 REFERENCES Adriano, D. C. 1992.
Page 123 and 124:
Billon, A. 1982. “Fixation D’el
Page 125 and 126:
Chisholm-Brause, C., S. D. Conradso
Page 127 and 128:
EPA/DOE/NRC (Cooperative Effort by
Page 129 and 130:
Griffin, R. A., and N. F. Shimp. 19
Page 131 and 132:
+ Keeney-Kennicutt, W. L., and J. W
Page 133 and 134:
McBride, M. B. 1980. “Chemisorpti
Page 135 and 136:
Östhols, E. 1995. “Thorium Sorpt
Page 137 and 138:
Rhoads, K., B. N. Bjornstad, R. E.
Page 139 and 140:
Schwertmann, U., and R. M. Taylor.
Page 141 and 142:
Tanner, A. B., 1980. “Radon Migra
Page 143 and 144:
Zimdahl, R. L., and J. J. Hassett.
Page 145 and 146:
APPENDIX A Acronyms, Abbreviations,
Page 147 and 148:
PC Personal computers operating und
Page 149 and 150:
A.3.0 List of Symbols and Notation
Page 151 and 152:
APPENDIX B Definitions
Page 153 and 154:
Cation Exchange - reversible adsorp
Page 155 and 156:
subbituminous coal. Marl - an earth
Page 157 and 158:
APPENDIX C Partition Coefficients F
Page 159 and 160:
Mean Standard Error Table C.1. Desc
Page 161 and 162:
Figure C.1. Relation between cadmiu
Page 163 and 164:
Cd K d (ml/g) Clay Cont. (wt%) pH C
Page 165 and 166:
Page 167 and 168:
Page 169 and 170:
Page 171 and 172:
Page 173 and 174:
APPENDIX D Partition Coefficients F
Page 175 and 176:
Two separate data sets were compile
Page 177 and 178:
The soil-only data set was frequent
Page 179 and 180:
The high correlations between mica
Page 181 and 182:
D.2.4 Cesium Adsorption onto Mica-L
Page 183 and 184:
Table D.7. Approximate upper limits
Page 185 and 186:
Table D.8. Freundlich equations ide
Page 187 and 188:
Table D.9. Descriptive statistics o
Page 189 and 190:
D.2.6 Approach to Selecting K d Val
Page 191 and 192:
Mica Concentration in Clay Fraction
Page 193 and 194:
Cesium Kd (ml/g) 15200 8440 143 73
Page 195 and 196:
Cesium Kd (ml/g) Clay (wt.%) Mica (
Page 197 and 198:
Cesium Kd (ml/g) Clay (wt.%) Mica (
Page 199 and 200:
D.4.0 Data Set for Soils Table D.14
Page 201 and 202:
Cesium K d (ml/g) Clay (wt%) Mica (
Page 203 and 204:
Li, Y., L. Burkhardt, M. Buchholtz,
Page 205 and 206:
APPENDIX E Partition Coefficients F
Page 207 and 208:
Windsor, and Olivier soils with pH
Page 209 and 210:
Table E.1. Summary of K d values fo
Page 211 and 212:
E.2.0 Approach The approach used to
Page 213 and 214:
Table E.3. Estimated range of K d v
Page 215 and 216:
Table E.4. Data from Rai et al. (19
Page 217 and 218:
E.4.0 References Davis, J. A. and J
Page 219 and 220:
APPENDIX F Partition Coefficients F
Page 221 and 222:
(CEC) of the soils. Such an anomaly
Page 223 and 224:
Table F.1. Summary of K d values fo
Page 225 and 226:
Figure F.2. Variation of K d as a f
Page 227 and 228:
F.4.0 References Abd-Elfattah, A.,
Page 229 and 230:
APPENDIX G Partition Coefficients F
Page 231 and 232:
influenced significantly by the typ
Page 233 and 234:
The Pu(IV) and Pu(V) adsorption dat
Page 235 and 236:
that Pu(IV) adsorption on soils wou
Page 237 and 238:
Table G.1. Plutonium adsorption dat
Page 239 and 240:
KD PH CEC EC DCARB Figure G.1. Scat
Page 241 and 242:
Figure G.2. Variation of K d for pl
Page 243 and 244:
Delegard, C. H. , G. S. Barney, and
Page 245 and 246:
Seattle, Washington, pp. 291-497. B
Page 247 and 248:
H.1.0 Background Appendix H Partiti
Page 249 and 250:
H.2.0 Approach and Regression Model
Page 251 and 252:
strontium K d values, which are cle
Page 253 and 254:
Table H.3. Simple and multiple regr
Page 255 and 256:
Table H.4. Look-up table for estima
Page 257 and 258:
H.3.0 K d Data Set for Soils Table
Page 259 and 260:
Sr K d (ml/g) Clay Content (%) pH C
Page 261 and 262:
H.4.0 K d Data Set for Pure Mineral
Page 263 and 264:
Page 265 and 266:
Page 267 and 268:
Page 269 and 270:
H.5.0 References Adeleye, S. A., P.
Page 271 and 272:
Satmark, B., and Y. Albinsson. 1991
Page 273 and 274:
I.1.0 BACKGROUND Appendix I Partiti
Page 275 and 276:
Table I.2. Correlation coefficients
Page 277 and 278:
The regression equation between the
Page 279 and 280:
I.3.0 K d Data Set for Soils Figure
Page 281 and 282:
I.5.0 References Ames, L. L., and D
Page 283 and 284:
APPENDIX J Partition Coefficients F
Page 285 and 286:
J.2.1 Sources of Error and Variabil
Page 287 and 288:
Erikson et al. (1993) determined th
Page 289 and 290:
26.1 wt.% plagioclase feldspar, and
Page 291 and 292:
Kd (ml/g) 100,000 10,000 1,000 100
Page 293 and 294:
Sheppard and Thibault (1988) invest
Page 295 and 296:
Warnecke et al. (1986) present an o
Page 297 and 298:
Borovec (1981) investigated the ads
Page 299 and 300:
Table J.2. Uranium K d values liste
Page 301 and 302:
J.3.0 Approach in Developing K d Lo
Page 303 and 304:
at any pH. These estimated K d valu
Page 305 and 306:
The minimum and maximum K d values
Page 307 and 308:
ehavior associated with disposal of
Page 309 and 310:
accompanied by unreacted zeolite. T
Page 311 and 312:
pH Table J.5. Uranium K d values se
Page 313 and 314:
pH U Kd (ml/g) Clay Cont. (wt.%) CE
Page 315 and 316:
Page 317 and 318:
pH U Kd (ml/g) 6.90 1,739,87 7 6.90
Page 319 and 320:
Page 321 and 322:
Page 323 and 324:
Page 325 and 326:
Page 327 and 328:
Page 329 and 330:
Page 331 and 332:
Page 333 and 334:
J.6.0 References Ames, L. L., J. E.
Page 335 and 336:
Erikson, R. L., C. J. Hostetler, R.
Page 337 and 338:
Lindenmeier, C. W., R. J. Serne, J.
Page 339 and 340:
Sheppard, M. I., and D. H. Thibault
Page 341:
Zachara, J. M., C. C. Ainsworth, J.
show all

Understanding Variation in Partition Coefficient, Kd, Values Volume II

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?