community and household-level income & asset status baseline

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Table A5.2 - Determinants of household assets Variables Livestock 2 (‘000 Ush) Equipment (‘000 Ush) Level of education (cf no formal education) Primary education -19.7102 0.4017** Farm size (acres) R 0.1959+ Post primary education 203.6764 R 1.1438***+++ R 0.6128***+++ R Age of household head (years) 12.2101***+++ R 0.0242***++ R 0.2355***+++ R Dependence ratio -3.8417* R -0.0037- -0.0050***-- R Sex of hhd head (Male=1, female=0) 113.6318 0.3290 0.0724 Household size 44.8184**+ 0.0814***++ 0.0067+ Membership to organizations: Agriculture & NRM 216.5320*-- 0.1754 0.1798+ Health organization 257.9317 0.2243 0.3663 Social/mutual support organization 95.119 0.2649 0.1492 Distance from home to parcel (miles) -0.0444 0.0005 0.0002**++ Potential market integration (PMI) -4.0685** 0.0053**+ 0.0005 Watershed (cf Kabale) 1 : Kisoro -376.3505*+++ R -1.2237***--- R -0.6276***--- R Ntungamo 412.5522** R -0.0575 0.3204** Rukungiri -200.0739+++ 0.9829***+++ R -0.1438 Duration of extension contact (hours) 13.0004***+++ 0.1323* 0.0097* Attended any agricultural training? 184.3363*+++ 0.2387 -0.1049 Access to credit? (yes=1, No=0) 280.4211 -0.2339 0.3701**+++ Primary activity of household head (cf -0.0387 0.2264 crop production): Livestock 647.4191***+++ Forest management/harvesting -52.47300 0.1259 0.1537 Non-farm activities 51.4144 0.4902** 0.1556 Constant -501.2626 7.7593***+++ R 0.0252 Heteroscedasticity (White test) NS NS NS Maximum VIF 4.97 4.97 4.97 Wu-Hausman test of exogeneity (P> χ 2 ) 1.00 1.00 Hansen-Jensen Statistic (over 0.035 0.346 identification) *, **, *** mean associated variable is statistically significant at the 10%, 5%, and 1% levels, respectively for the OLS regression. Coefficients and standard errors adjusted for sampling weights and robust to heteroskedasticity +,++,+++ mean associated variable has positive impact, which is statistically significant at the 10%, 5%, and 1% levels, respectively for the IV regression. -,--,--- mean associated variable has negative impact, which is statistically significant at the 10%, 5%, and 1% levels, respectively for the IV regression. R mean associated variable has same sign in the full and reduced form specifications and that the reduced model coefficient is significant at P>0.05. 1 Kanungu was consistently dropped due to multicollinearity with the constant since its sample is small. 2 Estimated using Tobit model since over 50% of households did not have livestock. The rest of the models were OLS. 59
Table A5.3 - Determinants of Major source of income of the household head (Multinomial logit model) Livestock MLE 2 Stage MLE Level of education (cf no formal education) Primary education 0.2971 3.4698* Post primary education -4.8732 -1.3439 Age of household head -0.1510 -0.1786** Dependency ratio 0.1025 0.0063 Sex of household head 26.7023 16.4671* Household size 0.9350* 0.6292*** Membership to organizations: Agriculture & NRM -3.6378* 3.7269 Health organization -81.5576*** -74.5402 Social/mutual support organization -6.0277 -0.0019 Square root (Farm size (acres)) 3.5742 -1.8274 Value of equipment (Ush) -2.0483 3.2143* Value of livestock (Ush) 0.0131* 0.0135*** Distance from home to land parcel (miles) -0.0019 0.0036*** Potential market integration 2.4326*** 0.4052*** Watershed (cf Kabale) 1 : Kisoro 101.4438*** 7.8615 Ntungamo -68.083*** -13.6041*** Rukungiri 296.584*** 40.9817*** Received any training (yes=1, no=0) 10.4777** -1.1018 Number of contact hours with extension 0.2431** -8.5799 Access to credit 12.8675* 0.3052 Constant -673.418 -167.426 Non-farm activities Level of education (cf no formal education) Primary education 1.0375 1.3096 Post primary education 2.4062** 2.4506** Age of household head -0.0313 -0.0514 Dependency ratio 0.0050 0.0250* Sex of household head 0.8522 0.8805 Household size 0.2525*** 0.3128*** Membership to organizations: Agriculture & NRM 0.4653 2.2184 Health organization 0.6122 1.8698 Social/mutual support organization 0.6051 1.3358 Square root (Farm size (acres)) -0.0156 0.1515 Value of equipment (Ush) 0.8726*** 1.5872** Value of livestock (Ush) -0.0002 0.0001 Distance from home to land parcel (miles) 0.0003 0.0007* Potential market integration 0.0054 0.0057 Watershed (cf Kabale) 1 : Kisoro 1.6364** 0.5441 Ntungamo 1.2994 2.0429 Rukungiri 0.9670 0.2355 Received any training (yes=1, no=0) 0.6054 -0.1009 Number of contact hours with extension -0.05031 -2.4039 Access to credit 1.1744 0.0896 Constant -18.4916*** -29.2115*** 60
Page 1 and 2:
SOUTHWESTERN UGANDA SUSTAINABLE NAT
Page 3 and 4:
Table 9: Determinants of Choice of
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ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS AFRENA A
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Participation in non-farm activitie
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increase the low access to formal c
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component is implemented under the
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1) A well documented database of co
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Determinants of major sources of in
Page 17 and 18: Dairy production and other intensiv
Page 19 and 20: irrelevant. On the other hand, cred
Page 21 and 22: markets are poorly developed (Binsw
Page 23 and 24: Table 1: Survey Enumeration Area an
Page 25 and 26: RESULTS This section is organized i
Page 27 and 28: Source of Income Kabale (N=49) Kanu
Page 29 and 30: Determinants of Income, Asset, Choi
Page 31 and 32: Table 8: Determinants of Household
Page 33 and 34: Household size significantly increa
Page 35 and 36: more evidence that extension and tr
Page 37 and 38: Determinants of Income Strategies T
Page 39 and 40: Primary activity of household head
Page 41 and 42: CONCLUSIONS AND POLICY IMPLICATIONS
Page 43 and 44: enhances forest-based livelihoods.
Page 45 and 46: REFERENCES Appleton, S. 2001. What
Page 47: Project Purpose: To support sustain
Page 50 and 51: Table A2.2 - Characteristics of Wea
Page 52 and 53: APPENDIX 4: DETAILED TABLES OF DESC
Page 54 and 55: Table A4.7 - Main Food Crops Grown
Page 56 and 57: Table A4.9 - Commercial Woody Trees
Page 58 and 59: Table A4.12 - Restrictions on Priva
Page 60 and 61: Table A4.15 - Level of Enforcement
Page 62 and 63: Table A4.18 - Type of Markets Mainl
Page 64 and 65: Table A4.22 - Farmer Willingness to
Page 66 and 67: Table A4.26 - Perceptions of Change
Page 70 and 71: Livestock MLE 2 Stage MLE Forest Le
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