Indian-Nordic Encounters 1917-2006 - Det danske Fredsakademi

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Petersen arranged soon after for Esther Faering to travel to Denmark for health reasons. Here she gave a series of lectures on Gandhi on the Danish radio 1928 and wrote a biography of Gandhi published in 1930 – Gandhi: En Karakteristik og Fremstilling (Gandhi: a Sketch and a Portray). Building an international solidarity movement for Indian liberation Ellen Hørup Ellen Hørup was another Danish woman that wrote extensively on Gandhi, Indian liberation and other international affairs in Politiken, a main daily in Denmark at the same time. Contrary to Esther Menon and Anne Marie Petersen who were devote Christians she was a modern feminist. Her first 40 years she had been very active in sports and not involved in politics or journalism. But when she got into writing her pacifism and radical anti-fascism made her the foremost if not the only female journalist writing on international affairs. As a 12
daughter of the anti-militaristic and liberal founder of the influential newspaper Politiken she was given space in spite of that it had turned less radical since its pioneer time and that women rarely if ever before the second world war in Denmark were allowed or asked to write about foreign politics in the press. Hørup became interested in Gandhi in the 1920s when she lived in Rome. In January 1929 she travelled to India and stayed at Gandhi’s ashram at Sabarmati for over a week. In the late twenties the first meetings about Gandhi and non-violence were held in Copenhagen. In India the numbers of students at the ashram in Porto Novo fell to six but Petersen did not give up. When Gandhi launched the Civil Disobedience movement in 1930 and started the Salt march, she offered her services, and gave refugee to families of volunteers who went to prison. At a rally inaugurating the movement in south India she said Christian prayers. In Denmark Hørup established Indiens Venner (the Friends of India Society) in Copenhagen in October 1930. She also established the first monthly magazine with the same name devoted fully to the Indian liberation struggle and Mahatma Gandhi outside South Africa and India that was issued during the years 1930 – 1938. In this first issue she reflected upon the importance of the independence movement: ”The opening of a new chapter in the history of the human race, were violence and weapons are abolished, and antagonism between races and nations do not anymore put a hindrance to understanding among people.” 8 The Indian struggle for independence created great hopes but also acts of solidarity. There was censorship on news from India after the Salt March of 1930. Ellen Hørup, Carl Vett, a Norwegian barrister of the Supreme Court, his wife, Edward Holton James, an American barrister from Boston and Caroline (Bokken) Lasson, a Norwegian singer, actress and writer “created a little self-constituted commission, whose members all travelled to India on their own”, meeting once in a while in India. The group took an interest in the severe repression against the Indian freedom movement during the civil disobedience movement led by Gandhi. Together with Bokken Lasson Hørup stayed in India for four months 1930-31 meeting not only Gandhi but also other Indian leaders as Jawaharlal Nehru, Moulana Abul Kalam Azad and Subhas Chandra Bose as well as visiting Anne Marie Petersen’s school in Porto Novo. The members of the informal international group distributed the suppressed news that they could find in other countries thus breaking Caroline Bokken Lasson the iron curtain the British had sat up to isolate the Indians and make their liberation impossible. A feverish solidarity activity developed. In 1931 Hørup wrote the book Gandhis Indien (Gandhi’s India), together with the Danish painter Cathinca Olsen she went to meet Gandhi 8 Quote made from Indiens venner in Dansk Kvindebiografisk Leksikon, Ellen Hørup. 13
Page 1 and 2: Indian-Nordic Encounters 1917-2006
Page 3 and 4: Introduction When the Indian Muslim
Page 5 and 6: of a high level of confrontation se
Page 7 and 8: Dialogue, Constructive Programme an
Page 9 and 10: ”For me they can do as they like,
Page 11: Anne Marie Petersen with pupils at
Page 15 and 16: was developed into a women’s teac
Page 17 and 18: The key lasting Gandhian influence
Page 19 and 20: territory for the German army and i
Page 21 and 22: spread to Sweden and other parts of
Page 23 and 24: Very soon the young couple decided
Page 25 and 26: speech was finished I received appl
Page 27 and 28: this that the NATO tried to stop wi
Page 29 and 30: anticommunist dependence on the US
Page 31 and 32: In this polarised world it was nece
Page 33 and 34: adical workers and the state was al
Page 35 and 36: The four inspirations were boycotts
Page 37 and 38: efore. On Iceland, Denmark and Norw
Page 39 and 40: swim to the beach the marchers had
Page 41 and 42: The fourth Indian inspired action b
Page 43 and 44: This movement was very influential
Page 45 and 46: The outcome is that in Finland it i
Page 47 and 48: Sweden was similarly influenced by
Page 49 and 50: issue organisations closely related
Page 51 and 52: young Europeans to counteract the W
Page 53 and 54: to implement its stand in any way t
Page 55 and 56: Global Environmental Movement Perio
Page 57 and 58: around 1960. But primarily non-viol
Page 59 and 60: The two key organisations in Denmar
Page 61 and 62: then mostly as a way to establish a
Page 63 and 64:
coordinator could intervene at the
Page 65 and 66:
The Provie movement was closed but
Page 67 and 68:
up his post officially as Secretary
Page 69 and 70:
places." From the politicians, corp
Page 71 and 72:
The obstacles for non-accredited NG
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they had to stand in the line as ev
Page 75 and 76:
Environmental Forum At the Environm
Page 77 and 78:
The content of the debate was heate
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NGOs in the UN system. The governme
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The accusations against the Swedish
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The US press was afraid of the conf
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Jan Fjellander, Oi Committee The yo
Page 87 and 88:
its close collaboration with Aspen
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way where the distinctions between
Page 91 and 92:
Anti-nuclear Power and Alternative
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On the continent strong local resis
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A strong boycott against Nestlé wa
Page 97 and 98:
unions and peace and solidarity org
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promoting or looking positively at
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In Denmark the organisation model f
Page 103 and 104:
In the beginning of the 1980s Nordi
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democratic discussion about the fut
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articles criticising the alternativ
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Chipko movement in India visiting S
Page 111 and 112:
soon followed by other UN conferenc
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The Global Democracy Period 1989 -
Page 115 and 116:
issues on the agenda. Fundamental c
Page 117 and 118:
against further integration of Denm
Page 119 and 120:
there is a Gandhi statue in Copenha
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movements are more blatantly than a
Page 123 and 124:
violence fundamentalism was often u
Page 125 and 126:
during the whole previous century i
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democrats and Marxist-Leninist revo
Page 129 and 130:
Carrying planks for the foot-bridge
Page 131 and 132:
Toni Liversage speaks at citizens
Page 133 and 134:
technology and the social and econo
Page 135 and 136:
We denounce the United States' bomb
Page 137 and 138:
Appendix II The Oeresund Committe f
Page 139 and 140:
V. A struggle for life and for the
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Indian-Nordic Encounters 1917-2006 - Det danske Fredsakademi

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