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DEA Robert C. Bonner August 16, 1990 October 31, 1993 When John Lawn retired on March 23, 1990, Terrance M. Burke, a career DEA agent, was named Acting Administrator. On May 11, 1990, President George Bush nominated Robert C. Bonner, a Federal Judge and United States Attorney from Los Angeles, as Administrator. He was confirmed by the Senate on July 27, 1990 and sworn in as the DEA’s fifth Administrator on August 13, 1990. In prior years, Mr. Bonner was the United States Attorney for the Central District of California (1984-1989) and Federal Judge, United States District Court for the Central District of California (1989-1990). He had worked closely with the DEA on two record-breaking money laundering cases, Operations Pisces and Polar Cap, and had led the prosecution team against the killers of DEA Special Agent Camarena. Judge Bonner understood that the drug trade was a global enterprise, and because of this, federal drug law enforcement had to target drug trafficking organizations overseas, as well as their networks within our borders. After leaving DEA, Mr. Bonner was a partner in the Los Angeles and Washington, D.C., law firm Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher. In September 2001, he was sworn in as Commissioner of the U.S. Customs Service, and in 2003, he became the first head of the Bureau of Customs and Border Protection, a new agency under the Department of Homeland Security. DEA Special Agents 1990.....3,191 1994.....3,418 DEA Budget 1990.....$769.2 million 1994.....$1,050 million 76 DEA was called upon to work with its foreign counterparts to reduce the supply of drugs in the country and reduce the demand through prevention, education and treatment. Robert C. Bonner was sworn in as the DEA’s Fifth Administrator in August 1990. Attending the inaugural ceremony at headquarters were (from left): Administrator Bonner, Mrs. Bonner, Supreme Court Justice Antonin Scalia, and Attorney General Dick Thornburgh. Year 1990 1990 1990 1992 1992 Foreign Office Opened Freeport, Bahamas Rangoon, Burma Udorn, Thailand Belize, Belize San Salvador, El Salvador
During the late 1980s and early 1990s, Americans considered the drug issue a major concern, and public awareness about drug trafficking and drug abuse increased significantly. The media had provided the American people with critical information about the damage caused by drugs. President George Bush began immediately to focus national efforts on a comprehensive drug enforcement strategy that targeted both supply and demand reduction. On one hand, his strategy called for the DEA and other federal agencies to work with our counterparts overseas and at home to reduce the supply of drugs in the country. At the same time, complementary efforts were directed at reducing the demand for drugs through prevention, education, and treatment, including a comprehensive advertising program launched by the Partnership for a Drug-Free America. Cocaine and crack remained the number one drug challenge facing law enforcement, and the Colombian cartels and their cells were firmly entrenched in virtually every U.S. city and in many countries around the globe. Both the Medellin Cartel and the Cali mafia had a devastating impact on U.S. communities. In the Northeast, especially the New York area, the Cali mafia had quietly established a network of cells to carry out all of the mafia’s various tasks involving the shipment of cocaine, its storage, communications between Colombia and the United States, and the return of profits to Colombia. The Cali mafia sent armies of surrogates into the United States to ensure that the cocaine business was run smoothly and profitably. In 1992, the DEA instituted the Kingpin Strategy to attack the drug organizations at their most vulnerable areas—the chemicals needed to process the drugs, their finances, transportation, communications, and leadership infrastructure here in the United States. The Kingpin program essentially controlled investigations from DEA headquarters and selected a finite number of targets for intensive investigative activity. Because extradition of Colombian nationals to the United States was prohibited by Colombia’s 1991 constitution, it was essential that Colombian drug lords were arrested, prosecuted, and incarcerated in their own country. With the help of law enforcement counterparts overseas and at home, most notably the Colombian National Police (CNP), one by one the Medellin leaders were toppled. By the time Pablo Escobar, the most notorious and murderous drug lord of the Medellin Cartel, was killed by the CNP on a Colombian rooftop in 1993, the cartel had already been severely damaged. But there would be no rest, because waiting to emerge on the world scene was the Cali mafia, which over the years had been less visible, but no less formidable than its Medellin counterpart. Decline of the Medellin Cartel and the Rise of the Cali Mafia Pablo Escobar “Wanted” poster with faces crossed out signifying that he and his entourage had been killed or catured. 77 In the early 1990s the Medellin Cartel was waging a campaign of terror and bribery to pressure the Colombian government to prohibit the extradition of native Colombians. Pablo Escobar and several other Medellin leaders, labeled “The Extraditables,” took increasingly violent measures to try to force the government to accept legislation that would protect them from extradition. The cartel was responsible for the assassinations of dozens of government officials, and the bribery of many more. When, in July 1991, the Colombian congress adopted a new constitution that prohibited the extradition of the Colombian natives, it was considered a major victory for the Medellin Cartel. However, the many law enforcement efforts to topple the Medellin cartel were resulting in numerous surrenders and arrests that eventually led to the cartel’s demise. For example, in December 1990, cartel leader Fabio Ochoa surrendered to authorities near Medellin. Shortly, after, in January 1991, Fabio Ochoa’s brother,
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D R U G E N F O R C E M E N T A D M
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D R U G E N F O R C E M E N T A D M
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BNDD John E. Ingersoll Director, BN
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Bureau of Prohibition Department of
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Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention
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French Connection French Connection
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Creation of the DEA (July 1, 1973)
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Creation of the DEA Intelligence Pr
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Graduation of the First DEA Special
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monitored notations by the hospital
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Technology Over the years, the comb
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Killed in the Line of Duty Hector J
Page 25 and 26: DEA Henry S. Dogin Acting Administr
Page 27 and 28: DEA Peter B. Bensinger Administrato
Page 29 and 30: The Black Tuna Gang and Operation B
Page 31 and 32: The DEA’s success in curbing PCP
Page 33 and 34: The Office of Compliance and Regula
Page 35 and 36: Paraphernalia Law (1979) As drug us
Page 37 and 38: Major Cocaine Seizures In late 1979
Page 39 and 40: Training In 1975, the DEA began adj
Page 41 and 42: Aviation Laboratories By the mid-19
Page 43 and 44: D R U G E N F O R C E M E N T A D M
Page 45 and 46: In 1981, Operation Grouper was cond
Page 47 and 48: Methaqualone (1982) Methaqualone, a
Page 49 and 50: Organized Crime Drug Enforcement Ta
Page 51 and 52: Operation Pisces (1984) In 1984, th
Page 53 and 54: Tranquilandia (1984) In March of 19
Page 55 and 56: . Training Aviation Until 1981, the
Page 57 and 58: The workload of DEA laboratories in
Page 59 and 60: DEA John C. Lawn July 26, 1985 Ma
Page 61 and 62: elated homicides. On a daily basis,
Page 63 and 64: The Murder of DEA Special Agent Enr
Page 65 and 66: Red Ribbon Campaign The National Re
Page 67 and 68: successful programs in the United S
Page 69 and 70: Operation Snowcap (1987) The succes
Page 71 and 72: Aviation Training During this perio
Page 73 and 74: Laboratories Technology In 1989, th
Page 75: D R U G E N F O R C E M E N T A D M
Page 79 and 80: Among the major Cali drug lords, th
Page 81 and 82: Nationwide eradication efforts, suc
Page 83 and 84: LSD Conference (1991) The early 199
Page 85 and 86: Creation of the Intelligence Divisi
Page 87 and 88: The Tucker Special Agent Claude Pow
Page 89 and 90: . Digital Communications: Another i
Page 91 and 92: DEA Thomas A. Constantine April 15,
Page 93 and 94: Peru Airplane Crash (1994) On Augus
Page 95 and 96: Operation Tiger Trap (1994) Operati
Page 97 and 98: Oklahoma City Bombing (1995) The DE
Page 99 and 100: Arrest of Cali Leaders (1995) CNP G
Page 101 and 102: the trafficking of cocaine, heroin,
Page 103 and 104: Atlanta Olympics (1996) The White H
Page 105 and 106: Comprehensive Methamphetamine Contr
Page 107 and 108: Legalization in California and Ariz
Page 109 and 110: DEA Heroin Conference (1997) The us
Page 111 and 112: Training Upon taking office in 1994
Page 113 and 114: Laboratories DEA laboratories conti
Page 115 and 116: D R U G E N F O R C E M E N T A D M
Page 117 and 118: most popular drug of choice across
Page 119 and 120: In Virginia’s Shenandoah Valley,
Page 121 and 122: traffickers dominated all aspects o
Page 123 and 124: Operations Odessa/ Atlantico/Journe
Page 125 and 126: Ecstasy and Predatory Drugs By the
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lars, as well as several hundred th
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. nation of Mexican law enforcement
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DEA Asa Hutchinson August 2001 Ja
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foreign documents, execution of sea
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New Museum Exhibit on Narco- Terror
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In a separate DEA/FBI investigation
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When Administrator Hutchinson arriv
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IA Melissa Conway and SA Sean Steph
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In some instances, these wastes hav
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Technology has created new methods
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Ecstasy traffickers. During the cou
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the Lebanese Internal Security Forc
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OxyContin Abuse The problem of pres
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Bolivian/DEA Seizure Dr. Eddie Sfei
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Technology DEA’s secure, centrali
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Laboratory SystemReorganization (20
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Inspections DEA’s Inspection Divi
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