Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) - Western ...

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Lady: stn RW96-19, 5, NTM C8085.
Courageous: stn 83/25, 1, WAM 107-84; stn 002,
1, WAM 63-84; stn 003, 1, WAM 62-84; stn 004, 1,
WAM 65-84; stn 013, 2, WAM 64-84.
Umataka Maru: stn 6920, 1, WAM 128-84; stn
6921, 1, WAM 147-84; stn 6922, 1, WAM 1024, 85;
stn 6926, 1, WAM 104-84.
Surefire: stn 5,1, WAM 187-92.
Remarks
First reported from Western Australia by Grygier
(1991) as the host of a petrarcid ascothoracidan
crustacean, one additional specimen from Soela stn
01/84/120 is reported and figured (Fig 4a) that
contains this characteristic crustacean gall. 5imilar
galls have also been reported from this species in
the Japan region (Grygier and Nojima 1995).
Distribution
Western Australia: common on continental slope
of northwestern coast from Cartier Island to Port
Hedland; 260-696 m; 8.2°-9.0°C; soft (muddy)
substrates. Elsewhere: western Pacific from Japan
to southeastern Australia; 88-1500 m (Cairns and
Zibrowius 1997).
Deltocyathus suluensis Alcock, 1902c
Deltocyathus magnificus var. suluensis Alcock, 1902c:
20-21.
Deltocyathus suluensis Cairns and Zibrowius 1997:
125, fig. 16 d (synonymy and description).
New Records
Soela: stn 01/84/60, 1, WAM 576-84; stn 01/84/
63, 1, WAM 738-84; stn 01/84/120, 3: 2 (WAM
700-84), 1 (U5NM 97000).
Courageous: stn 000 or 001, 1, WAM 67-84; stn
002, 1, WAM 69-84.
Distribution
Western Australia: continental slope of
northwestern coast from Dampier Land to Port
Hedland; 401-530 m; soft (muddy) substrates.
Elsewhere: Philippines; Indonesian region; ridges
north of New Zealand; 142-565 m (Cairns and
Zibrowius 1997).
Deltocyathus sarsi (Gardiner and Waugh, 1938)
Figure 3 k-l
Fungiacyathus sarsi Gardiner and Waugh, 1938: 201,
pI. 7, figs. 17-18 (description).
New Record
Diamantina: stn 45, 1, WAM 1028-79.
Remarks
Among the approximately 20 extant species of
S.D. Cairns
Deltocyathus, 4 have 5 cycles of septa and only 3
frequently reproduce by fragmentation, D. sarsi
being the only species to have both characters. It
differs from D, suluensis in having a regenerated
corallum and much better developed 55. The single
specimen reported herein of 15.1 mm in calicular
diameter is thought to be the only record of this
species subsequent to its original description.
Distribution
Western Australia: continental shelf of
southwestern coast north of Rottnest Island; 80 m.
Elsewhere: Maldive Islands (Kolumadulu Atoll); 44
m (Gardiner and Waugh 1938).
Genus Heterocyathus Milne Edwards and Haime,
1848a
Heterocyathus aequicostatus Milne Edwards and
Haime, 1848a
Figure 3 a-b
Heterocyathus aequicostatus Milne Edwards and
Haime, 1848a: 324, pI. 10, fig. 8.-Folkeson, 1919:
8-10 (in part: pI. 1, figs. 8-9).-Wells, 1964:
108.-Veron, 1986: 558-559 (in part: color fig.,
not black and white, which is Heteropsammia).­
Hoeksema and Best, 1991: 226-230, figs. 1-11
(synonymy, key, and diagnosis).
New Records
Crown of Thorns Survey (1972, 1974): Dampier
Archipelago (Rosemary Island and Norbill Bay, 0­
5 m), collectively 65 specimens from 6 collections:
58 (WAM 152-, 162-, 163-, and 164-83; 248-, and
262-93) and 7 (U5NM 97001).
Other records: South Head, Beagle Bay, beach drift,
28 X 1988, 1, WAM 1056-88; near Keraudren, Western
Australia, low tide, IX 1976, 13, WAM 151-83.
Diagnosis
Corallum relatively large (10 mm in GCD) and
squat, either free of attachment or encrusting a
scaphopod or gastropod shell; primary sipunculid
efferent pore circular, 2.0-2.2 mm in diameter,
usually located aborally, and often lending an
asymmetry to corallum. Additional smaller (0.4
mm in diameter) sipunculid pores (previous
efferent pores that have been subsequently
overgrown by the coral but still retain an open
canal through the corallum (Yonge 1975)) also
occur on lateral thecal faces. Corallum entirely
white. Costae equal in width as well as being
approximately equal in width to intercostal
furrows. 5epta crowded and hexamerally arranged
in 4 complete and often an incomplete fifth cycle
(48-72 septa): 51>52>54>53 or 51>52>53>55>54,
depending on the presence of pairs of 55 in a halfsystem.
Outer edges of septa slope inward toward