Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) - Western ...

Azooxanthellate Scleractinia of Western Australia
Placotrochus laevis Milne Edwards and Haime,
1848
Javania lamprotichum (Moseley, 1880)
Rhizotrochus tuberculatus (Tenison Woods, 1878)
Polymyces wellsi Cairns, 1991
Gardineria hawaiiensis Vaughan, 1907
G. philippinensis Cairns, 1989
Suborder Dendrophylliina
Family DENDROPHYLLIIDAE Gray, 1847
Balanophyllia carinata (Semper, 1872)
B. imperialis Kent, 1871
B. gigas Moseley, 1881
B. cornu Moseley, 1881
B. generatrix Cairns and Zibrowius, 1997
Endopachys grayi Milne Edwards and Haime, 1848
E. bulbosa Cairns and Zibrowius, 1997
Notophyllia recta Dennant, 1906
N. piscacauda sp. novo
Heteropsammia cochlea (Spengler, 1781)
Leptopsammia columna Folkeson, 1919
Rhizopsammia verrilli van der Horst, 1922
Dendrophyllia alcocki (Wells, 1954)
D. arbuscula van der Horst, 1922
D. boschmai van der Horst, 1926
Tubastraea coccinea Lesson, 1829
T. diaphana (Dana, 1846)
T. micranthus (Ehrenberg, 1834)
SYSTEMATICS
Order Scleractinia
Suborder Fungiina
Superfamily Fungioidea Dana, 1846
Family Fungiacyathidae Chevalier, 1987
Genus Fungiacyathus Sars, 1872
Subgenus Fungiacyathus Sars, 1872
Fungiacyathus (F.) stephanus (Alcock, 1893)
Bathyactis stephanus Alcock, 1893: 149, pI. 5, figs.
12, 12a.
Fungiacyathus (F.) stephanus - Cairns, 1989: 7-9, pI.
1, figs. a-k, pI. 2, figs. a-b (synonymy and
description); 1995: 31-32, pI. 1, figs. a-c.­
Cairns and Zibrowius, 1997: 68-69.
New Records
Soela: stn 02/82/19, 1 concave, WAM 300-88; stn
02/82/22, 1 concave, WAM 25-83; stn 02/82/26, 1
concave, WAM 32-83; stn 02/82/27, 1 concave,
WAM 479-96; stn 02/82/31, 2 concave, USNM
97800; stn 02/82/34, 2 concave, WAM 30-83; stn
02/82/40, 1 flat, WAM 37-83; stn 01/84/64, 10 flat,
WAM 767-84; stn 01/84/67, 11 flat: 8 (WAM 724­
84), 3 (USNM 97801).
Courageous: stn 003, 2 concave, WAM 427-96; stn
020, 1 flat, WAM 66-84.
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Remarks
Two forms of this species were described by
Cairns and Zibrowius (1997), one having a flat
base, the other a concave base (see New Records).
Off Western Australia the fIat-based form was
found at a shallower depth (304-450 m) than the
concave-based form (452-720 m).
Distribution
Western Australia: continental slope of
northwestern coast from south of Scott Reef to Port
Hedland; 304-720 m; 8.4°-1O.7°C; always reported
on a soft/mud substrate. Elsewhere: Indo-West
Pacific (widespread from' southwestern Indian
Ocean to Kermadec Ridge, including Japan); 245­
2000 m (Cairns and Zibrowius 1997).
Fungiacyathus (F.) fragilis San., 1872
Fungiacyathus fragilis Sars, 1872: 58, pI. 5, figs. 24­
32.-Cairns, 1982: 7, pI. 1, figs. 3-7 (synonymy);
1995: 32, pI. 1, figs. d-f (synonymy); in press,
Table 3.
New Records
Lady: stn RW96-29, 1, NTM C8088; stn RW96-31,
1, NTM C8091.
Remarks
Fungiacyathus fragilis is similar to the previous
species but can be distinguished by lacking
paliform lobes (P2) and having much lower septal
lobes. It is compared to all other species in the
subgenus by Cairns (in press, Table 3). The
specimen from Lady stn RW96-31 is 52 mm in
calicular diameter, the largest known corallum of
this species.
Distribution
Western Australia: continental slope of
northwestern coast between Browse and Cartier
Islands; 400-420 m. Elsewhere: cold temperate
New Zealand; cold temperate North Atlantic;
Hawaiian Islands; 285-2200 m (Cairns 1995).
Fungiacyathus (F.) paliferus (Alcock, 1902a)
Bathyactis palifera Alcock, 1902a: 108; 1902c: 38, pI. 5,
figs. 34, 34a.-Hoffmeister, 1933: 14, pI. 4, fig. 6.
Fungiacyathus (F.) paliferus - Cairns, 1989: 9-10, pI.
2, figs. c-i, pI. 3, figs. a-c (synonymy and
description).-Cairns and Parker, 1992: 6-7, pI.
1, figs. a-b.-Cairns and Zibrowius, 1997: 69­
70.
New Records
Soela: stn 1/79/unnumbered, 2 irregular
fragments, WAM 33-85; stn 1/79/18, 1, USNM