Official Record of Apostolic Succession of

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At the close of The War of Independence, Episcopalians, as they were then commonly called, realized that The Church must have a national organization if it was to prosper and grow. The biggest obstacle to creating a National Church was the lack of a national hierarchy. In Connecticut, the former Congregational converts to Anglicanism considered a bishop to be of absolute necessity. The Connecticut clergy therefore elected the Rev'd Samuel Seabury as their Bishop and gave him the mandate to go abroad and obtain valid Apostolic Orders. The Anglican Bishops in England could not by law consecrate any one who would not take the Oath of Allegiance to the Monarch of the Realm, however. It would have been impossible, therefore, for Bishop-elect Seabury to return to America if he had received consecration as a British subject who had sworn allegiance to the King of England. With the refusal of the English bishops to bestow episcopal consecration, Fr. Seabury proceeded to Scotland. After prolonged negotiations with the Nonjuring bishops of Scotland, he finally obtained their consent to confer Apostolic Succession upon him. The Nonjuring Bishops of Scotland were the remnant of the Church which the Stuarts had endeavored to establish in Scotland but which had lost the protection of the State as well as all Church endowments by remaining supporters of James II. The average Scotsman considered them to be almost as obnoxious as Roman Catholics and certainly just as dangerous. The Nonjuring Bishops of Scotland were extremely High Church. They abandoned the Calvinistic doctrine of the Holy Eucharist espoused in The 39 Articles of The Church of England and returned to the "Lutheran" doctrine of the 1549 Articles. They used Holy Chrism in Confirmation, were considered firm believers in the sacerdotal character of the Holy Priesthood, and adamant in the necessity of Apostolic Succession and Episcopal Ordination. Dr. Seabury was consecrated by the Nonjuring Bishops on 14 November 1784. Immediately after his consecration to the office and work of Bishop, he signed a Concordat with the Nonjurors (on 15 Nov. 1784) agreeing to introduce the liturgical and doctrinal beliefs and practices of the Nonjurors into the Episcopal Church in Connecticut. He specifically promised to persuade the American Church to use the Prayer of Consecration taken largely unchanged by The Episcopal Church of Scotland from the 1549 Book of Common Prayer. Upon his return to Connecticut he organized and governed his Diocese according to the doctrine and practice of his Consecrators. The "children" were no longer allowed to rule and control The Church. Bishop Seabury governed and ruled the Episcopal Church in Connecticut according to Biblical and ancient canonical practices; the laity was excluded from all deliberations, ecclesiastical councils and control of ecclesiastical affairs. In effect, Bishop Seabury is the Father of the traditional High Church party within PECUSA, marked by evangelical piety united with high sacramental ideals. In stark contrast to the understanding of The Church adopted by Bishop Seabury in Connecticut, a very non- Catholic and non-historic view of Church polity was adopted in New York, Pennsylvania, and Virginia. Dr. William White, Rector of Christ Church, believed that the Episcopal Church must assent to and adopt the secular, non-Biblical principle of "representative government." He was even willing to employ the practice of Presbyterian Ordination until such time as a valid Apostolic Succession could be obtained from The Church of England. Surprisingly, Presbyterian Ordination found little favor among the Faithful of Pennsylvania. Fortunately an Act was passed in the English Parliament allowing English bishops to confer the Episcopacy upon men not subject to the British Crown. Consequently, Dr. William White (Bishop-Elect of Pennsylvania) and Dr. Samuel Provoost (Bishop-Elect of New York) were consecrated at the hands of the 88th Archbishop of Canterbury, Dr. John Moore, on Septuagesima Sunday, 4 February 1787. Upon the return of Bishops White and Provoost to the United States, there were so many differences between the Connecticut Church and that of the Middle and Southern States, that a merger or union could not be immediately effected. When Dr. James Madison was elected to be Bishop of Virginia, he was forced to go to England to be consecrated since Bishop Provost of New York (perhaps the Father of what later came to be known as the Broad Church party within PECUSA) refused to act in conjunction with the Bishop of Connecticut. (Bishop White might be considered the Father of the Evangelical party within PECUSA, with its belief in the desirability -- rather than the necessity -- of Apostolic Succession and its desire to closely coöperate with all other churches of the Reformation.) The foundation for differing doctrines of The Church were already evident at this early time within The Protestant Episcopal Church. The union was finally cemented in 1792, when Dr. Thomas John Claggert was elected Bishop of Maryland. There were now three "valid" Anglican bishops in the U.S.A. (excluding Dr. Seabury). Bishop Provoost of New York therefore withdrew his objections to allowing Dr. Seabury to participate in Dr. Claggert's consecration. Had Bishop
Seabury not been invited to participate in the consecration of Dr. Claggert, the result would have been a schism between Connecticut and the other States. SUCCESSION I POPE St. NICHOLAS I (consecrated in 858) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate in 864: FORMOSUS (Bishop of Porto; Pope 891) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate in 891: St. PLEGMUND (as Archbishop of Canterbury) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate in 909: ALTHELM (as Bishop of Wells; 914 Canterbury) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate 914: WULFHELM (as Bishop of Wells; 923 Canterbury) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate in 927: ODO (as Bishop of Ramsbury; 942 Canterbury) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate in 957: St. DUNSTAN (as Bishop of Worcester; 960 Canterbury) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate in 984: St. AELPHEGE (as Bishop of Winchester; 1005 Canterbury) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate in 990: ELFRIC (as Bishop of Ramsbury; 995 Canterbury) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate in 1003: WULFSTAN (as Bishop of Worcester and York) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 13 November 1020: ETHELNOTH (as Archbishop of Canterbury) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate in 1035: EADSIGE (as Bishop of St. Martin's, Canterbury; 1038 Archbishop of Canterbury) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 3 April 1043: STIGAND (as Bishop of Elmham; 1052 Canterbury) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate in 1058:
Page 1 and 2: Official Record of Apostolic Succes
Page 3 and 4: The Apostolic Succession from Chies
Page 5 and 6: Cardinal Iacobus Philippus Fransoni
Page 7 and 8: Cardinal Carolus Sacconi Who, assis
Page 9 and 10: Cardinal Carolus Sacconi assisted b
Page 11 and 12: Carlos Enrique Harvin - Bishop in 1
Page 13 and 14: On 25 May 1717, five doctors of the
Page 15 and 16: Bishop James Coydon de Matignon Bis
Page 17: Bishop Wallace David de Ortega Maxe
Page 21 and 22: WALTER KIRKHAM (as Bishop of Durham
Page 23 and 24: HENRY COMPTON (as Bishop of Oxford;
Page 25 and 26: NILS BERTIL ALEXANDER PERSSON (as P
Page 27 and 28: This government-sponsored patriotic
Page 29 and 30: The Apostolic Succession from Igles
Page 31 and 32: Msgr. Aglipay himself) continued to
Page 33 and 34: says that the Philippines will brin
Page 35 and 36: Francisco de Jesus Pagtakhan (1916
Page 37 and 38: Copying the example of Henry VIII o
Page 39 and 40: Archbishop Nils Bertil Alexander Pe
Page 41 and 42: Bishop Sophronios (Sophronios Bisha
Page 43 and 44: Apostolic Succession from The Russi
Page 45 and 46: The Apostolic Succession from The A
Page 47 and 48: The Apostolic Succession from The S
Page 49 and 50: Apostolic Succession from the Melki
Page 51 and 52: Makarios II, Archbishop of New Just
Page 53 and 54: Veloso (Orthodox Catholic Church in
Page 55 and 56: 96. Ignatius Abraham II, 1382; 97.
Page 57 and 58: 21. Vitalius, 301; 22. Philognius,
Page 59 and 60: 131. Bishop William Ernest James Ro
Page 61 and 62: 188. Ignatius II, 877; 189. Theodos
Page 63 and 64: AN HISTORICAL BACKGROUND ON THE SUC
Page 65 and 66: The Apostolic Succession from The S
Page 67 and 68: A strong tradition with The Church
Page 69 and 70:
Mar Immeh Who then consecrated to t
Page 71 and 72:
Yoalaha II (Bar Qaiyuma) Who then c
Page 73 and 74:
Bishop Karl (Karl Julius Barwin) as
Page 75 and 76:
Yacob 1, relative of Yosip the Carp
Page 77 and 78:
Eshu-barnon Who then consecrated to
Page 79 and 80:
Shimun IV Who then consecrated to t
Page 81 and 82:
Apostolic Succession from The Churc
Page 83 and 84:
Frank Ellsworth Hughes Who consecra
Page 85 and 86:
92. Euthymios I 906-911 93. Stephan
Page 87 and 88:
290. Maximus, 450; 291. Accacius, 4
Page 89 and 90:
The Johanine & Anglo-Roman Successi
Page 91 and 92:
85. IMON SUDBURY as Bishop of Londo
Page 93 and 94:
7. Theophulus, 157; 8. Maximinus, 1
Page 95 and 96:
128. Mar Julius I (Antonio Francis
Page 97 and 98:
100. D. Fitzgerald 101. P. deLeia 1
Page 99 and 100:
Armenian Succession 1. St. THADDEUS
Page 101 and 102:
115. Toros II Sebastiatsi 1654-1657
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Official Record of Apostolic Succession of

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