Comparison between CV4 and EV4 - Osteopathic Research

More documents

Recommendations

Info

21 2.4.2.1 Cardiovasculatory centre: In the reticular formation, afferent impulses travel from presso and chemoreceptors in the carotid sinus and the aortic arch via the vagus nerve and the glossopharyngeal nerve to the solitary tract nuclei, where they are then further transmitted and processed. This network of neural transmission and switching controls the efferent activity of pre-ganglionary sympathetic and parasympathetic neurones; thus ensures the short-term regulation of blood pressure and its adaptation to various conditions. A resting pulse normally lies between 60 and 80 beats per minute, depending on one’s fitness level. Efferent impulses travelling through the vagus nerve diverge as rami cardiaci on both sides, and go to the right side of the heart and to the sinoatrial nodes. Their restricting effect on the sympathetic fibres causes a decrease in pulse. Other impulses cause a functional restriction of the sympathetic fibres controlling the width of blood vessels that leads to vasodilatation. 2.4.2.2 Respiratory centre Because of its vital importance, respiratory rhythm can only be consciously influenced in the short term. Respiration rhythm at rest usually lies around 10- 14/cpm for adults and 14-16/cpm for youths. 20 Chemical breath regulation ensures the body’s equilibrium and that respiration is adapted to its metabolic needs. The respiratory centre controls itself to a large extent. Changes in arterial blood gases (partial compression of CO2 and O2) and pH play the biggest role in respiratory regulation. 21 The tension level of the pulmonary alveoli provides feedback to the respiratory centre via the vagus nerve. Chemo-receptors in the 20 SCHMIDT Robert: Physiologie kompakt, 4. Auflage, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York: Springer Verlag, 2001, p 227 21 FALLER Adolf: Der Körper des Menschen, 13. Auflage (neu bearbeitet von M. und G. Schünke), Stuttgart, New York: Thieme Verlag, 1999, p.363 Margit Grill / 2006
22 carotid sinus respond through sinus nerves and chemo-receptors in the aortic arch via depressor nerves. One discerns the expiration centre from the inspiration centre. Various respiratory neurones are synoptically connected to a neurone network in the medulla oblongata. The breathing rhythm occurs in the “Prae-Boetzinger complex “ (respiratory centre). Most afferent nerve fibres run along the vagus nerve or glossopharyngeal nerve to the switching cores in the solitary tract nuclei, where interneurones are located. These interneurones change the activity of the respiratory network through oligosynaptic connections and adapt respiration to the prevailing circumstances. 22 fig. 8 breath regulation 2.4.3 Cutaneous blood supply Blood circulation is necessary to thermo-regulation, as well as nutrition and metabolism. The sympathetic nervous system gets information and impulses from the cortex, hypothalamus and the vasomotoric centres of the medulla. There are numerous (adrenerg) sympathetic fibres in the distal (acral) skin regions. They set free noradrenaline and cause a vasoconstriction. These fibres are useful to the (tonic base activity) of vessels. The postganglionary sympathetic fibres that innervate blood vessels proceed in the arterial vessels on the border between adventitious and middle tunica while in the veins; they carry 22 SCHMIDT Robert et al: Physiologie des Menschen, 28. Auflage, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York: Springer Verlag, 2000, p.594, p.603 Margit Grill / 2006
Page 1 and 2: Comparison between CV4 and EV4 via
Page 3 and 4: 4.2 DESCRIPTION OF THE TECHNIQUES:
Page 5 and 6: 4 technique could be proven by meas
Page 7 and 8: 6 1.1 Hypothesis / questions Hypoth
Page 9 and 10: 8 2 Anatomical and physiological fu
Page 11 and 12: 10 On the inner surface of the squa
Page 13 and 14: cerebellum below the sinus. It spri
Page 15 and 16: 14 fig. 4 CSF - circulation The liq
Page 17 and 18: 16 2.3.5 Projection / ventricle-sys
Page 19 and 20: 18 Afferents: All the information g
Page 21: 20 In the realm of long-term circul
Page 25 and 26: 2.4.5 Summary table of sympathetic
Page 27 and 28: 26 3.2 Primary respiratory mechanis
Page 29 and 30: 28 man’s health. He said: „the
Page 31 and 32: 30 4.1.2 Comfort Program The chose
Page 33 and 34: 32 4.1.3.1.2 PPG: Pulse plethysmogr
Page 35 and 36: 34 clothing should be covered by a
Page 37 and 38: 36 4.2.2 EV4 technique = Extension
Page 39 and 40: 38 subject technique / sequence wee
Page 41 and 42: 40 The test subjects were not allow
Page 43 and 44: 42 6 Results and statistical evalua
Page 45 and 46: sequence subject 3 1.week / B 2.wee
Page 47 and 48: CV4 46 Margit Grill / 2006
Page 49 and 50: 48 6.2 Descriptive statistic see pa
Page 51 and 52: 50 mean course EDG mean course temp
Page 53 and 54: 52 mean course breathing-frequency
Page 55 and 56: 54 6.3 Inference statistics see pag
Page 57 and 58: 56 pulse-rate 75,00 70,00 bpm 65,00
Page 59 and 60: 58 7 Discussion Concerning the ques
Page 61 and 62: 60 A decrease in the sympathetic to
Page 63 and 64: 62 If one takes the measuring data
Page 65 and 66: 64 7.6 Consequence The selection of
Page 67 and 68: 66 8 Summary: This study investigat
Page 69 and 70: 68 MAGOUN Harold: Osteopathy in the
Page 71 and 72: 70 10 Appendix 10.1 Index of illust
Page 73 and 74:
72 10.4 Descriptiv statistics Made
Page 75 and 76:
Margit Grill / 2006 74
Page 77 and 78:
Page 79 and 80:
Page 81 and 82:
Page 83 and 84:
Page 85 and 86:
84 10.5 Inference statistics Made b
Page 87 and 88:
86 Pulse-rate Source DF Type III SS
Page 89 and 90:
88 Breath-amplitude Source DF Type
show all

Comparison between CV4 and EV4 - Osteopathic Research

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?