Lehrveranstaltungsinhalt aus - Institute for Computer Graphics and ...

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8 CONTENTS 12 Interaction of Light and Objects 223 12.1 Illumination Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223 12.2 Reflections from Polygon Facets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225 12.3 Shadows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225 12.4 Physically Inspired Illumination Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228 12.5 Regressive Ray-Tracing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228 12.6 Radiosity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228 13 Stereopsis 235 13.1 Binokulares Sehen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235 13.2 Stereoskopisches Sehen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236 13.3 Stereo-Bildgebung . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237 13.4 Stereo-Visualization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238 13.5 Non-Optical Stereo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238 13.6 Interactive Stereo-Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239 13.7 Automated Stereo-Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239 14 Classification 245 14.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245 14.2 Object Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245 14.3 Features, Patterns, and a Feature Space . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246 14.4 Principle of Decisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246 14.5 Bayes Theorem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248 14.6 Supervised Classification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250 14.7 Real Life Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251 14.8 Outlook . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251 15 Resampling 255 15.1 The Problem in Examples of Resampling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255 15.2 A Two-Step Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255 15.2.1 Manipulation of Coordinates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 256 15.2.2 Gray Value Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 256 15.3 Geometric Processing Step . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257 15.4 Radiometric Computation Step . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257 15.5 Special Case: Rotating an Image by Pixel Shifts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258
CONTENTS 9 16 About Simulation in Virtual and Augmented Reality 261 16.1 Various Realisms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261 16.2 Why simulation? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261 16.3 Geometry, Texture, Illumination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261 16.4 Augmented Reality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262 16.5 Virtual Environments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262 17 Motion 265 17.1 Image Sequence Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265 17.2 Motion Blur . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265 17.3 Detecting Change . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265 17.4 Optical Flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266 18 Man-Machine-Interfacing 269 18.1 Visualization of Abstract Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269 18.2 Immersive Man-Machine Interactions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269 19 Pipelines 271 19.1 The Concept of an Image Analysis System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271 19.2 Systems of Image Generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271 19.3 Revisiting Image Analysis versus Computer Graphics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 272 20 Image Representation 275 20.1 Definition of Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275 20.1.1 Transparency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275 20.1.2 Compression . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276 20.1.3 Progressive Coding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276 20.1.4 Animation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277 20.1.5 Digital Watermarking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277 20.2 Common Image File Formats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278 20.2.1 BMP: Microsoft Windows Bitmap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278 20.2.2 GIF: Graphics Interchange Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278 20.2.3 PICT: Picture File Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 279 20.2.4 PNG: Portable Network Graphics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 279 20.2.5 RAS: Sun Raster File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 279 20.2.6 EPS: Encapsulated PostScript . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 279 20.2.7 TIFF: Tag Interchange File Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 279 20.2.8 JPEG: Joint Photographic Expert Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280 20.3 Video File Formats: MPEG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280 20.4 New Image File Formats: Scalable Vector Graphic - SVG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281
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80 CHAPTER 4. MORPHOLOGY Definition
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94 CHAPTER 5. COLOR A monitor prese
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96 CHAPTER 5. COLOR Color in image
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110 CHAPTER 5. COLOR grün gelb cya
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122 CHAPTER 6. IMAGE QUALITY Resolv
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132 CHAPTER 6. IMAGE QUALITY
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140 CHAPTER 7. FILTERING 9 9 8 8 6
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142 CHAPTER 7. FILTERING appearance
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144 CHAPTER 7. FILTERING Getting An
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146 CHAPTER 7. FILTERING
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148 CHAPTER 7. FILTERING Slide 7.29
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150 CHAPTER 7. FILTERING
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152 CHAPTER 8. TEXTURE µ n (z) =
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154 CHAPTER 8. TEXTURE Algorithm 23
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160 CHAPTER 8. TEXTURE
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162 CHAPTER 9. TRANSFORMATIONS In t
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180 CHAPTER 9. TRANSFORMATIONS 9.16
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224 CHAPTER 12. INTERACTION OF LIGH
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276 CHAPTER 20. IMAGE REPRESENTATIO
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286 APPENDIX A. ALGORITHMEN UND DEF
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288 APPENDIX A. ALGORITHMEN UND DEF
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290 APPENDIX B. FRAGENÜBERSICHT
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294 APPENDIX B. FRAGENÜBERSICHT 12
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310 APPENDIX B. FRAGENÜBERSICHT R
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312 APPENDIX B. FRAGENÜBERSICHT A
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330 APPENDIX B. FRAGENÜBERSICHT B
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344 APPENDIX B. FRAGENÜBERSICHT zu
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350 APPENDIX B. FRAGENÜBERSICHT ¡
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352 INDEX Entzerrung, 287 Erosion,
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354 INDEX Skalierung, 157, 303 Sobe
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356 LIST OF ALGORITHMS 29 z-buffer
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358 LIST OF DEFINITIONS 29 Boundary
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360 LIST OF FIGURES B.12 Lineare Tr
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362 LIST OF FIGURES
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