BERAU HERBARIUM

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FUNCTION AND ORGANIZATION OF A <strong>HERBARIUM</strong> Collecting plant specimens accumulates dried collection. In due course the specimens are identified and arranged so that specimens of the same species are located together, and that related species are close to each other. There are various internationally accepted ways to arrange specimens, as there are of arranging books in a library. ESSENTIAL REQUIREMENTS FOR A <strong>HERBARIUM</strong> BUILDING Location – avoid sites where there is a risk of flooding, spreading fires, or landslides Construction – fireproof, with smoke or heat detection alarm system A cool, dry atmosphere with humidity as low as possible, 24 hours air condition or de-humidification Adequate work space on benches and tables Good ventilation – windows should be screened to avoid access by insects Excellent light Separate room for drying purposes Separate room for preparation and mounting activities DRYING SPECIMENS Checklist of materials: Newspaper Corrugated cardboard, half the size of broadsheet newspapers Secateurs Tags Foam cut into the same size as cardboard Electric drying stove Place the fresh or treated, trimmed and tagged specimens between fresh newspaper sheets. Make sure that the specimen will show upper and lower surface of leaves when dry. If the leaves are too large to fit into the folder, they should be folded. In compound leaves one leaflet of a pair can be trimmed in order to reduce its size for the space available. 11
This newspaper folder is put on corrugated cardboard (figure 14). In the case of thick and fleshy fruits or flowers, a piece of foam the same size as cardboard, with relatively big holes, should be put on top of the folder. This keeps the leaves flat and the cardboard level. The specimen can than be put directly in the drying stove. This procedure should be repeated until the drying stove is full. A wooden board should then be put on top of the pile with a heavy weight like a stone on top. This will keep the specimens flat during the drying and shrinking processes, as the pressure always remains the same. Temperature should be kept 70°C to avoid overheating and burning of the paper as well as the material. Figure 14:Layers of foam and cardboard keep leaves flat during drying All specimens should be dry within 36 – 48 hours, however, after 24 hours material should be checked for specimens that are already dry (figure 15). These should be removed. If the drying process takes too long the material can become brittle. PROCESSING UNMOUNTED SPECIMENS As a rule usually 7 – 9 duplicates of each tree will be collected. At least one set remains in Berau, the other duplicates should be sent to the Wanariset herbarium to be distributed later to other herbaria (L, BO, BZF, K, A, SAN, etc.). When sorting duplicates, the following points should always be considered: If the flowers are unisexual, both male and female flowers should be represented in each duplicate. As far as possible make sure that each duplicate has a complete range of stages – flower buds, flowers, young fruits, mature fruits Each duplicate should have a label attached together with an “Ex HERB” slip or a cancellation stamp Figure 15: Unpacked, dry fertile specimen with number tag 12
Page 1 and 2: European Union Ministry of Forestry
Page 3 and 4: Berau Forest Management Project (BF
Page 5 and 6: CONTENTS PREFACE...................
Page 7 and 8: ABBREVIATIONS A/GH BFMP BERAU BLK B
Page 9 and 10: sterile material was set up. Its 30
Page 11 and 12: Shorea sp Dipterocarpus sp Vatica s
Page 13 and 14: ORGANISATION AND MANAGEMENT The Ber
Page 15 and 16: Numbering of collections To make re
Page 17: Figure 11: Tying a bundle of specim
Page 21 and 22: ARRANGEMENT Figure 16: Cutting moun
Page 23 and 24: Termites and ants Apart from insect
Page 25 and 26: Labels, determination slips and oth
Page 27 and 28: Training Date Location Participants
Page 29 and 30: Soepadmo, E., Wong., K.M. 1995: Tre
Page 31 and 32: Bombacaceae Durio griffithii (Mast.
Page 33 and 34: Dipterocarpaceae Shorea parvifolia
Page 35 and 36: Guttiferae Garcinia nervosa Miq. Gu
Page 37 and 38: Myristicaceae Knema elmeri Myristic
Page 39: Tiliaceae Ulmaceae Verbenaceae Verb

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