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Groundwater Contamination: Effects from Hydraulic Fracturing Fluids Wood, Ruth et al. Shale Gas: A Provisional Assessment of Climate Change and Environmental Impacts. January 2011. US EPA Hydraulic Fracturing Research Study – Scoping Backgrounder, 2010. State Oil and Gas Regulations Designed to Protect Water Resources – Groundwater protection Council, US Dept. of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory May 2009 © 2012 HALLIBURTON. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 26
Groundwater Contamination: Effects from Hydraulic Fracturing Fluids The API study analysed the risk of contamination from properly constructed Class II injection wells to an Underground Source of Drinking Water (USDW) due to corrosion of the casing and failure of the casing cement seal. Using this, the ICF study (and New York State, 2009) identified that the “probability of fracture fluids reaching a USDW due to failures in the casing or casing cement is estimated at less than 2 x 10-8 (fewer than 1 in 50million wells)”. On this basis the ICF study concludes that “hydraulic fracturing does not present a reasonably foreseeable risk of significant adverse environmental impacts to potential freshwater aquifers” Wood, Ruth et al. Shale Gas: A Provisional Assessment of Climate Change and Environmental Impacts. January 2011. New York State (2009) Supplemental generic environmental impact statement on the oil, gas and solution mining regulatory program’ by the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation Division of Mineral Resources. © 2012 HALLIBURTON. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 27
Page 1 and 2: Environmentally Focused Innovative
Page 3 and 4: EPA's study of hydraulic fracturing
Page 9 and 10: Large Amounts of Water 55% 28% Wood
Page 11 and 12: Water Management: Field-Scale Issue
Page 13 and 14: Flowback and Produced Water Variabi
Page 15 and 16: Will a High TDS Fluid Damage my Wel
Page 17 and 18: Potential Scale (lb/1,000bbl) If Yo
Page 19 and 20: Friction Reducers: Effects of Ca 2+
Page 21 and 22: Time-Average % Friction Reduction 1
Page 23 and 24: Friction Reducers: Salt-Tolerant Fr
Page 25: Summary: 100% Water Recycling • S
Page 29 and 30: Green Technologies: Fracturing Flui
Page 31 and 32: ̶ ̶ ̶ ̶ ̶ ̶ Green Technologie
Page 33 and 34: Green Technologies: CleanStim ® Hy
Page 43 and 44: ̶ ̶ ̶ ̶ ̶ ̶ ̶ Green Technolo
Page 45 and 46: Fracturing Fluid Solutions for Your
Page 47 and 48: On the Horizon… Air Quality Wood,

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