2004 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS - Indian Academy of Sciences

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CHAPTER 4 The expanding remnant of the Supernova 1987 A. Courtesy: HST/NASA Neptune. Courtesy: HST/NASA programmes employing available observational facilities within the country. The main areas of research are listed below. • Solar system astronomy: This includes the study of the outer planets, their ring systems, their satellites, etc.; optical and near infrared imaging of comets; polarimetric, photometric and spectroscopic observations of comets. • Stellar astronomy • Young stars: T Tauri stars and Herbig Ae/ Be stars are examples of young stellar objects (YSOs). A number of T Tauri’s and Herbig Ae/Be’s have been monitored over extended periods of time using the telescopes at the VBO in Kavalur. Over 60 Herbig Ae/Be stars have been observed spectroscopically and polarimetrically. • Evolved stars: Study of the late stages of stellar evolution has been a very active area of research and many interesting results have been obtained. • High angular resolution studies: A programme of observing Lunar occultations in the near infrared with high speed photometers has yielded significant results. Over 100 lunar occultations have been successfully observed – most of them being late type Giants – and spatial resolutions up to 2 milliarcseconds have been achieved. • Novae: Novae have been actively studied since the 1960s. Nearly 20 novae have been studied during outburst during the last decade, and some in quiescence. • Superovae: Extragalactic supernovae have been spectroscopically observed on a regular basis from the VBO over the last two decades.During the last ten years nearly 10 supernovae have been studied. • Stellar variability: The variability in the optical and near infrared emission of a large number of Be stars and variable stars (Cataclysmic variables, RR Lyrae, Cepheids, δ-Scuti, β Cephei, RS CVn, eclipsing binaries, etc.) have been systematically studied. Lunar occultation observations of the Mira variable R Leo at two infrared bands (K & L) have yielded accurate uniform disk angular diameter and effective temperatures. • Chemically peculiar stars: A major survey has been undertaken to systematically search for, and study, the recently discovered 45
OPTICAL, INFRARED & ULTRAVIOLET ASTRONOMY rapidly oscillating A-peculiar stars. Several such stars have already been discovered. • Binary Stars: A number of eclipsing binary stars have been observed in the standard UBV system leading to the determination of their new periods and photometric elements. In some cases mass transfer rates have also been estimated. • Studies of EUV-bright and soft X-ray sources: Many new soft X-ray sources have recently been discovered in surveys with the EINSTEIN and ROSAT observatories. Optical monitoring of some of these sources in the northern hemisphere has been undertaken. • Stellar atmospheres and circumstellar matter: (i) Several RS Cvn objects have been monitored photometrically. (ii) Ca II infrared triplet lines in cool stars have been observed for a large number of objects. (iii) A detailed study of Li I 6708 Å line in cool stars of different luminosity classes was conducted. (iv) Polarization measurements of about 25 Vega type stars with far infrared excesses were made. (v) IRC+10216 which has been the focus of attention for many years as an extreme carbon star was observed using Lunar occultation technique. (vi) A study of 92 oxygen rich Mira variables was carried out to evaluate the role of pulsations in mass loss among these stars. • Star clusters A large number of open clusters and a few globular clusters have been studied with a view to understanding (i) the Initial Mass Function, (ii) colour-magnitude diagram, (iii) binarity of star clusters and (iv) the HR diagram. • Galactic Interstellar Medium In the areaof interstellar medium, the topics of current interest include: (i) Kinematics of Globular Cluster M80. Courtesy: HST/NASA False colour images of a star forming region made with the TIFR Far Infrared Telescope (top), and with the GMRT (below). While the far infrared image shows the distribution of cold dust, the radio emission traces the hot ionized gas 46
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ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS A Decadal
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This publication of the Academy on
Page 5 and 6: Preface The Indian Academy of Scien
Page 7 and 8: The Academy Committee for Astronomy
Page 9 and 10: h e P a n e l s Theoretical Astroph
Page 11 and 12: C H A P T E R 1 Executive Summary
Page 13 and 14: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The recommendatio
Page 15 and 16: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY feasibility study
Page 17 and 18: C H A P T E R 2 The Present Revolut
Page 19 and 20: THE PRESENT REVOLUTION IN ASTRONOMY
Page 37 and 38: A large eruptive prominence in HeII
Page 39 and 40: SOLAR PHYSICS • Detailed study of
Page 41 and 42: SOLAR PHYSICS Nainital Observatory
Page 43 and 44: SOLAR PHYSICS Some Possible New Ini
Page 45 and 46: SOLAR PHYSICS Telescope and the Hel
Page 47 and 48: C H A P T E R 4 Optical, Infrared &
Page 49 and 50: OPTICAL, INFRARED & ULTRAVIOLET AST
Page 55: OPTICAL, INFRARED & ULTRAVIOLET AST
Page 69 and 70: One of the 30 antennas of the GMRT
Page 71 and 72: RADIO ASTRONOMY India’s location
Page 73 and 74: RADIO ASTRONOMY The first telescope
Page 75 and 76: RADIO ASTRONOMY Central Electronic
Page 77 and 78: RADIO ASTRONOMY • Resolution of t
Page 79 and 80: RADIO ASTRONOMY Some recommendation
Page 81 and 82: C H A P T E R 6 High Energy Astrono
Page 83 and 84: HIGH ENERGY ASTRONOMY 100 cm 2 area
Page 85 and 86: HIGH ENERGY ASTRONOMY Areas of Rese
Page 87 and 88: HIGH ENERGY ASTRONOMY remnant — E
Page 89 and 90: HIGH ENERGY ASTRONOMY detectors, an
Page 91 and 92: HIGH ENERGY ASTRONOMY Gamma Ray Ast
Page 93 and 94: HIGH ENERGY ASTRONOMY A gamma ray b
Page 95 and 96: HIGH ENERGY ASTRONOMY Cosmic Rays T
Page 97 and 98: HIGH ENERGY ASTRONOMY from Hyderaba
Page 99 and 100: HIGH ENERGY ASTRONOMY • Solar con
Page 101 and 102: HIGH ENERGY ASTRONOMY nuclear compo
Page 103 and 104: HIGH ENERGY ASTRONOMY New initiativ
Page 105 and 106: C H A P T E R Theoretical Astrophys
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THEORETICAL ASTROPHYSICS • The di
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THEORETICAL ASTROPHYSICS There has
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THEORETICAL ASTROPHYSICS 5. Equatio
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C H A P T E R Gravitation and Parti
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GRAVITATION AND PARTICLE ASTROPHYSI
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C H A P T E R Recommendations 9
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RECOMMENDATIONS different aspects s
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RECOMMENDATIONS was installed there
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RECOMMENDATIONS Keeping in mind the
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RECOMMENDATIONS The 1 m telescope a
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RECOMMENDATIONS as the technology t
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RECOMMENDATIONS The committee appre
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RECOMMENDATIONS • All Sky Monitor
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RECOMMENDATIONS using our facilitie
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RECOMMENDATIONS • The committee s
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List of addresses Radio Observatori
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S.N. Bose National Centre for Basic
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Indian Academy of Sciences C. V. Ra
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2004 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS - Indian Academy of Sciences

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