Handbook Part 2 - International Mycological Association

PS7-633-0916
Prospective Cultivation Of The Wild Fungus “Lentinula sp” On Oak Sawdust In Mexico
R. Venegas-Martínez, L. Acosta-Urdapilleta, N. Bautista, F. Medrano, E. Montiel, V. Mora
Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
Lentinula sp. is an edible species widely distributed in central Mexico, with the potential for both beneficial use in local
communities and commercial application, and although it grows in isolation in the wild people from the communities
include it in their diet during the rainy season. The objective of the present research consists of testing its cultivation for
the future supply of a species that is as much nutritional as medicinal.
The species was collected in the wild, dried and preserved, separate vegetative and multi-spore cultivations were
made, these were placed in the bank of germinating fluid. The spawn was cultivated on sterile pine, oak and cedar
sawdust. The evaluated variables were: biological efficiency; rate of production; length of incubation and
phenotypical characteristics of the harvested species; bromated analyses were made as well and finally it will be
determined if the fungus in question is a new species or a new species or a new recording for the State of Morelos.
The spawn of Lentinula sp. (HEMIM-44) grew suitably on the oak sawdust but no mycelial growth resulted with the pine
or cedar sawdust. When grown on the oak sawdust carpophores with desirable commercial characteristics were
obtained after a long incubation.
The species under study (Lentinula sp.) has affinities qualities to the edible Shiitake fungus (Lentinula edodes) which
has been introduced into Mexico and has been well accepted by the market for the Lentinula sp. Moreover, this
fungus, which has a great cultural tradition of consumption in Mexico, could possibly be, in a short time and at low
cost, a species that is enjoyed as much at local community as at a national level.
PS7-634-0960
Domestication of Microorganisms (DOM) – A research programme on safety assessment, production and
formulation of microorganisms for envirobiotech applications
Johan Schnürer
Department of Microbiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
Microorganisms can reduce environmental problems, for example in biocontrol to replace chemical pesticides, in
plant growth promotion to reduce nutrient leakage, and in bioprophylaxis to prevent toxic compounds from
contaminating the environment. Many applications require large-scale fermentor production of microbial inoculants,
followed by formulation steps for long-term stability and to ease application at target sites. Safe use of microorganisms
requires careful consequence analyses, which for commercial products may be followed by a lengthy registration
procedure. Presently, growth of novel biotechnological industries that can solve environmental problems by using
microorganisms is held back by a lack of knowledge about fermentation/formulation technologies. Absence of safety
assessment systems for microorganisms, suited for decision making by regulatory authorities, is an even more serious
obstacle for sustainable development. The research programme “Domestication of Microorganisms” (DOM,
www.mistra.org/program/dom/home) provides microbial solutions to environmental problems through cooperation
with strategic partners. This is achieved by utilising the metabolic power of the natural microbial diversity through a
domestication programme, focusing on safety and formulation to stable products with high efficacy. Through
communication with regulatory authorities at early stages of development, the registration process will be facilitated,
allowing earlier commercialisation of novel products. Since process and product safety is assessed at an early stage,
potential risks for humans and the environment can be minimised. In DOM phase I, advanced fermentation and
formulation equipment was acquired and utilised in research on model microorganisms. During the transition to DOM
phase II, the focus will be shifted to industrially relevant bacteria, yeasts and filamentous fungi. Programme activities
have a solid base of fundamental research on microbial formulation and safety issues. Industrial partner projects and
Industrial short-term contracts. DOM welcomes international cooperation with both academic and industrial
partners.
1430-1630
SYMPOSIUM 51 - Finding the missing taxa: the search for fungi in under-explored habitats
S51IS1 - 0707
Fungi associated with marine wrack
D. Malloch
New Brunswick Museum, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada
Wrack, the combined mass of algae and plants washed up on beaches around the world, is an interesting fungal
habitat still in need of study. The habitat is simultaneously terrestrial and marine and attracts biological communities
with origins in both environments. The wrack environment has many features in common with dung, arising suddenly
and uncolonized and presenting a rich source of nutrients for those organisms able to utilize them. Wrack may
undergo profound changes as it remains on shore, changing considerably in moisture content and salinity as it is
exposed to either rain or drought. Temperatures on the beach may fluctuate greatly compared to those in the water.
Biological communities associated with wrack are diverse but perhaps less complex than more purely terrestrial or
marine ones. The fungal components appear to be partly marine in origin and partly terrestrial and show the
expected division into saprotrophism and symbiosis. The mycota of wrack is not uniform from one locality to another
and is influenced by several factors including geography, season, substrate composition and associated biota.
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