Glossary and Abbreviations - Unido

Daily
Engine maintenance
Every 100 hours
Every 250 hours
Every 500 hours
Check levels of fuel, water and lubricating oil
Check oil around the valve stems and in push rods
Turn grease cups
Check water temperature
Check exhaust smoke
Clean air filters
Check tightness of all nuts
Apply drop of oil to governor linkage and fuel pump side window
Check drive belt and fan
Drain moisture trap in exhaust pipe
Remove fuel injectors and check fuel spray
Clean compression valve screw and fuel filter
Change engine oil
Adjust valve clearance
Check lubricating oil strainer
Every 1000 hours Decarbonise engine
Grind in valves
Check piston clearance if gasket is changed
Clean out inlet manifold and exhaust pipe
Check water jacket for scale
Check the governor linkage is free to move
Renew the fuel filter
Check injector nozzles for wear
Check big end and main bearings
Time spent on proper maintenance will save costly repairs and lost time.
Dicers
Manual dicing machines first cut the material into strips and these are then cut into cubes.
The machines produce uniform sized cubes, which are difficult to achieve using a knife.
They should be washed with detergent after use and rinsed with clean water. The blade
should be sharpened as needed.
Dryers
Sun drying has low capital and operating costs. But problems include contamination of the
products by dust, birds, rats or insects, slow drying, and no protection from rain or dew,
which encourages mould growth. There is little control over the drying conditions and
products have variable quality. Provided that they are correctly designed, solar dryers have
faster drying rates than sun drying because the air is heated to 10-30 o C above the ambient
air temperature. This also reduces its humidity and deters insects.
However, if root crops are dried too rapidly, this can result in ‘case hardening’ (see glossary
in Annex B) and mould growth. However, drying rates are reduced on cloudy days and
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