Workshop Report - Ridge 2000 Program

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o Regional Scale: selected subsets of the rift system must be thoroughly documented at scales of hundreds of kilometers both along and across strike to provide comprehensive and comparable data sets required to evaluate the reasons for their similarities and the differences. o Local Scale: a small number of sites should be chosen for focused long-term efforts directed at documentation of the temporal variation in a broad range of ridge crest-related processes. <strong>Workshop</strong> participants made no attempt to design more specific experimental approaches to the objectives, but it was generally recognized that an interdisciplinary program of ridge crest experiments was feasible, worthwhile, and timely. Discussion of the overall goal, specific working group objectives, and recommendations for next steps in planning such a program are discussed in the report. Financial support for the workshop was provided by the National Science Foundation, the Office of Naval Research. the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and the U.S. Geological Survey. Stephen Hammond of NOAA, Janet Morton of the USGS, and David Ross of WHOI and OSS served as scientific liaison members to the Steering Committee and contributed substantially to the preparation of the workshop and editorial revision of the report. We deeply appreciate the special efforts of Alan Chave and David Janecky before, during, and after the workshop in helping to organize the program and present the final product. John R. Delaney Steering Committee Chairman vii
CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION 1 2 STATEMENT OF GOALS AND OBJECTIVES 5 3 NEXT STEPS TOWARD A RIDGE INITIATIVE 11 4 REPORTS OF THE WORKING GROUPS 13 Introduction, 13 Group 1 - Mantle Dynamics: Group 2 Group 3 - Group 4 Group 5 Group 6 Magma Generation and Delivery, 14 Geometry and Dynamics of Magma Chambers, 21 <strong>Ridge</strong> Crest Segmentation, Tectonic Cycles, and Lithosphere Evolution, 30 Subseafloor Hydrothermal Processes, 38 Biology of Hydrothermal Systems, 45 Water Column Dynamics and Sediment Processes, 53 APPENDIXES 59 I List of Participants, 59 II Background Papers ix
Page 2 and 3: The Mid-Oceanic Ridge A Dynamic G
Page 4 and 5: OCEAN STUDIES BOARD WALTER H. MUNK,
Page 6 and 7: PREFACE Recent discoveries of the w
Page 10 and 11: 1 INTRODUCTION The global mid-ocean
Page 12 and 13: papers were compiled, printed, and
Page 14 and 15: 2 STATEMENT OF GOALS AND OBJECTIVES
Page 16 and 17: experience from land volcanic and m
Page 18 and 19: solid understanding of both the bio
Page 20 and 21: NEXT STEPS TOWARD A RIDGE INITIATIV
Page 22 and 23: 4 REPORTS OF THE WORKING GROUPS INT
Page 24 and 25: Critical Investigations The specifi
Page 26 and 27: Seismic refraction methods provide
Page 28 and 29: New Instrument and Laboratory Capab
Page 30 and 31: GROUP 2: GEOMETRY AND DYNAMICS OF M
Page 32 and 33: FORMATION OF OCEAN CRUST AT SPREADI
Page 34 and 35: 3. Regional Surveys. The third comp
Page 36 and 37: provide efficient and economically
Page 38 and 39: 3. Adaptation of tomographic invers
Page 40 and 41: Consequently, the sin;J1e most impo
Page 42 and 43: Thermal stresses have been suggeste
Page 44 and 45: electromagnetic fields must be meas
Page 46 and 47: capability should include at least
Page 48 and 49: In order to understand subseafloor
Page 50 and 51: fossil hydrothermal systems in ophi
Page 52 and 53: instrumented to record the environm
Page 54 and 55: GROUP 5: BIOLOGY OF HYDROTHERMAL SY
Page 56 and 57: There are several key questions abo
Page 58 and 59:
Dispersal of Organisms What are the
Page 60 and 61:
Strategy Biological studies will em
Page 62 and 63:
GROUP 6: WATER COLUMN DYNAMICS AND
Page 64 and 65:
On the ridge segment scale, detaile
Page 66 and 67:
standard transect sampling and Lagr
Page 68 and 69:
APPENDIX I The Mid-Oceanic Ridge: A
Page 70 and 71:
Forsyth, Donald Department of Geolo
Page 72 and 73:
Lonsdale. Peter Scripps Institution
Page 74 and 75:
Reeve, Michael National Science Fou
Page 76:
Tunnicliffe, Verena University of V
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Workshop Report - Ridge 2000 Program

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